湿度、NaCl浓度对铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子活力及发芽的影响

研究发芽床不同含水量及NaCl浓度对铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子活力及发芽的影响,试验表明,发芽床含水量从20%升高至40%,铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数呈上升趋势,含水量继续升高至60%,三项指标呈下降趋势,40%是铜仁珍珠豆型花生最适发芽床含水量,花生发芽各项指标达到最高。用NaCl溶液处理种子,浓度从0mol/L升高至0.5mol/L,花生种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数三项指标表现出先急剧后缓慢又急剧下降的趋势。     

仙客来播种育苗试验

将仙客来种子用高锰酸钾质量分数1000×10 6液浸泡26h左右,进行种皮软化和消毒处理,然后播种在泥炭基质内,深度为(0 6±0 1)cm。在无光条件下保持温度(20±5)℃,湿度90%左右,在50～60d后即可发芽。发芽后应注意增加光照和施肥,也可以用稀释的肥料代替喷水,成苗率达89 9%。     

Criterion for estimating humidity control capacity of materials in a room

As a measure of estimating humidity control capacity of materials in an airtight room under sinusoidal temperature variation, we used the Cb value, which is the ratio of the range of variation in relative humidity in a steel box lined with the material of interest to the range in an empty steel box. In order to clarify the factors that affect the Cb value, we focused on both the temperature variation rate and the area that is lined in the box. It was found that changing the rate of temperature variation over one period strongly affected the Cb value, although the amplitude of temperature variation did not. We further noticed that the difference between the time when peak temperature was reached and the time when peak absolute humidity was reached (peak time difference), was found to be useful for estimating the humidity control capacity of materials. Knowing the difference between the phase when peak temperature was reached and the phase when peak absolute humidity was reached (phase angle difference) was also useful. Because the Cb value was affected by both the variation period and the lined area in the box, we can draw a contour diagram of the period and the lined area for materials to give an overview of the humidity control capacity of a material. The materials of primary interest in this study were Japanese cedar and porous ceramics.     

烤烟套种甘薯对烟叶质量、烟薯产量及土壤温湿度的影响

为筛选出适宜与烤烟套种的甘薯品种,解决部分烟区烤烟种植调茬难度大与综合效益低等问题,通过田间大区试验,研究烤烟套种不同甘薯品种对烟叶质量、烟薯产量及土壤温湿度的影响。结果表明,烟薯套种能够明显提升土壤相对含水率和烟叶产量,其相对含水率提高幅度介于12.03%~91.88%,烤烟产量增幅为12.29%~31.26%。烤烟套种甘薯以紫薯产量最高,块根产量达29400 kg/hm ²,且单薯质量大于100 g占总薯重的比例在紫薯中最高。烤烟套种甘薯提升了烤烟中上部烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量,降低了烟碱和总氮含量,有利于改善烟叶内在品质。烤烟套种甘薯降低了上部烟叶含梗率,但增大了上部烟叶叶面密度,以烤烟套种紫薯表现突出。烤烟与紫薯套种,可作为一种烟田增产、烟叶增值和烟农增收的种植模式。     

Spatio-temporal factors influencing the occurrence of Syngamus trachea within release pens in the South West of England

Syngamus trachea is a pathogenic tracheal nematode that causes syngamiasis in wild and game birds, especially when birds are managed at high densities. Despite its pathogenic nature, very little is known about its epidemiology and relationship with ambient temperature and humidity. The spatial and temporal modelling of disease was undertaken on two pheasant estates within the South West of England from April 2014 to August 2014. Significant differences between the mean numbers of eggs per gram of soil were identified between pens at both site 1 and site 2 but did not differ significantly between sites. Egg abundance was significantly associated with soil moisture content, with greater egg survival between years in pens with higher average volumetric soil moisture content. Previous years stocking density and pen age were also associated with greater egg survival between years with more eggs being recovered in pens with greater stocking densities, and pens that had been sited longer. The greatest model to explain the variation in the numbers of eggs per gram of soil per pen was a combination of soil moisture content, stocking density and pen age.Larval recovery differed significantly between sites. Larval abundance was significantly and positively associated with temperature and relative humidity at site 1. Similarly, temperature and humidity were also positively and significantly associated with larval abundance at site 2. Rainfall did not influence larval recovery at either site 1 or site 2. The model with the greatest ability to explain larval abundance at both sites, was a combination of temperature, humidity and rainfall. Infection status (positive faecal egg counts) was significantly and positively associated with larval abundance at both sites, but rainfall was only positively associated at site 1. Temperature and humidity were positively associated with infection status at site 2, but not at site 1. The present study highlights the influence of climatic variables on both egg survival and larval abundance, and could therefore be used to develop more targeted treatment strategies around periods of higher disease risk. The frequent use of release pens is a clear factor in the epidemiology of syngamiasis, and it is recommended that pens be rested and/or rotated in order to reduce infection pressure in subsequent flocks.     

基于AT89C2051的温室大棚气象要素预警控制系统

控制蔬菜大棚内的温度和湿度是提高蔬菜大棚的产量和防止病虫害发生的重要措施,而监测风速是为了防止大风损毁蔬菜大棚.该研究中的蔬菜大棚气象要素监测预警系统是以AT89 C2051单片微型计算机为核心,针对蔬菜大棚内温度湿度和大棚外风速监测而设计,它能有效控制蔬菜大棚内的温度和湿度,提高蔬菜大棚的产量,减少大风灾害造成的损害.     

温室温度和湿度的多变量模糊控制技术

介绍了一种基于MCS－51单片处理机的模糊控制温室温度的湿度技术，设计了模糊控制系统，并阐述了模糊控制系统的原理、方法以及硬件的组成。对整个控制过程进行了仿真试验，试验结果证明采用该模糊控制技术在控制温室的湿度和湿度时，系统响应快、超调量小、动作准确，过程平稳。     

一种空气相对湿度算法及其编程

通过对湿度查算表湿度、干球温度、干湿球温差数据间关系的分析研究，提出一种根据湿度基准值进行二次线性插值求得湿度测量值的计算方法。对计算准确度、测量范围与基准值设置的关系做了讨论，给出了计算方法的C语言程序。本方法简便、准确，如计算结果四舍五人保留整数，则与湿度查算表数值完全吻合。实验表明：应用此方法的实时测湿系统，其湿度测量精度主要取决于温度测量精度。     

遮雨棚设施结构对枣园温湿度的影响

笔者以7年生-10年生壶瓶枣树为试材，研究了遮雨棚栽培与大田栽培条件下温湿度变化规律和差异。结果表明：遮雨棚在晴天高温时有降温的作用，而阴雨天温度较低时则有保温的作用；遮雨棚阻碍了水分蒸发，使得相同条件下棚内湿度高于棚外；雨后棚内与棚外温度变化趋势基本一致，棚外湿度变化剧烈，棚内较为缓和。