两种光周期下矮牵牛‘幻想粉红’生长发育特性的研究

 将矮牵牛‘幻想粉红’分别培养在长日照和短日照条件下, 观测其始花期及株高、株幅、分枝数和开花数的变化; 将短日照下培养的‘幻想粉红’分别于2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16片真叶时移入长日照下进行培养, 观测从长日照处理至第1朵花开放的时间。结果分析表明: 长日照下, ‘幻想粉红’株型松散, 短日照下生长紧凑; ‘幻想粉红’为量性长日照植物, 短日照下要达到较大的营养生长量才能开花; ‘幻想粉红’的幼龄期约在8片真叶期结束。初步建议在8叶期之前采用短日照处理‘幻想粉红’,以得到紧凑的株型, 而在8叶期以后给予长日照, 以促进开花。     

非洲菊新品种‘红袍’

‘红袍’是由母本‘罗丽娜’和父本‘爱国者’经杂交选育而成的标准型切花非洲菊新品种。花序正面紫红色,花心黑色,半重瓣,花序直径11~13 cm,花梗长52~69 cm,花梗硬朗。温室栽培单株年产切花22~26枝,耐储运,瓶插期12~13 d。     

Co^2＋对非洲菊切花保鲜过程中酶活性的影响

基于测定过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性以及丙二醛（MDA）含量,探讨Co^2＋对非洲菊（Gerbera jamesonii）切花的保鲜作用,实验结果：含有Co^2＋的切花保鲜液能有效提高POD、SOD活性,延缓MDA含量的上升。花径、花枝鲜重增长率及外部形态变化显现一致。结果表明Co^2＋可延缓非洲菊切花衰老,提高其观赏价值。     

根际加温对无土栽培非洲菊冬季产花的影响

 试验结果表明, 非洲菊7 个切花品种冬季无土栽培根际加温可促进其产花。根温为20 ℃时显著提高了切花的产量与质量, 单株产量、花茎长、茎粗、花重较对照分别提高了71. 34 %、19. 14 %、8. 5 %、23. 72 % , 但对花径的增大作用不显著。根温为15 ℃时可显著提高切花产量, 较对照切花增产33. 21 %; 对花茎长、茎粗生长也有促进作用, 但对花径、花重无显著影响。根际加温对不同品种增加产量与提高质量效果不同, 根际加温至20 ℃时, 品种‘日’、‘签证’与‘莫尔’产量较高, 质量优良: 冬季84 d 产量可达9. 90、9. 56 与9. 30 支/株, 花径为10. 21、9. 92 与10. 05 cm , 花茎长为55. 10、53. 61 与54. 82 cm , 茎粗为0. 65、0. 63与0. 61 cm , 花重为21. 52、22. 68 与22. 50 g。     

月季RcHSP17.8 基因表达提高大肠杆菌对非生物胁迫的耐性

 月季RcHSP1718为编码小分子热激蛋白基因, Southern检测其在月季基因组中为多拷贝存在。38 ℃/3 h热激处理后, 该基因在耐热月季品种‘曼海姆宫殿’ ( Schloss Mannieim) 、‘彩虹’ (Radio) 、‘赌城’ (Las Vegas) 、‘梅郎随想曲’ (Caprice de Meiland) 、‘小女孩’ ( Girl) 中强表达, 而在不耐热品种‘新十全’ (Kordes’Perfecta) 、‘绯扇’ (Hiogi) 、‘莱茵黄金’ ( Pfalzer Gold) 中弱表达或不表达, 表明该基因与月季耐热性关系密切。为确定月季RcHSP1718基因功能, 将其转化E.coli BL21, 结果表明重组菌株能正常诱导表达包含RcHSP17.8的融合蛋白, 并因此提高了重组菌株对高温、低温、高盐、高pH、重金属、氧化等非生物胁迫的耐性, 表明RcHSP17.8参与了上述非生物胁迫的响应。     

Genetic divergence among gerbera accessions evaluated by RAPD

Genetic diversity was evaluated by RAPD markers and morpho-agronomic characters for a total of 42 accessions of Barberton daisy (Gerbera jamesonii) consisting of 29 commercial and 13 wild accessions. A total of 74 polymorphic bands were obtained employing a set of 12 primer pairs. The average genetic similarity coefficient for the 42 accessions, evaluated by Jaccard index was 0.55 ranging from 0.28 to 1.00. The genetic structure found among Barberton daisy accessions was evaluated by hierarchic classification analyses and UPGMA modeling, revealing six clusters of genotypes where two of them include the wild accessions and the remaining four including commercial material, except for wild genotype number 9. Shannon (H′) index was calculated using the molecular markers to investigate the genetic variation among the Gerbera accessions and showed higher values for the commercial cluster in comparison to the values obtained for the individuals from the non-commercial cluster, namely 0.34 versus 0.27, respectively. Therefore, both calculated indices (Jaccard and Shannon) indicated the presence of higher genetic variation among commercial accessions in comparison to the cluster representing non-commercial accessions, suggesting that genetic breeding programs may focus on commercial accessions to recombine interesting genotypes with commercially important and marketing-desired characteristics.     

Assessment of clonal fidelity of micropropagated gerbera plants by ISSR markers

True-to-type clonal fidelity is one of the most important pre-requisites in micropropagation of crop species. Genetic fidelity of in vitro raised 45 plants of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus) derived from three different explants, viz., capitulum, leaf and shoot tips, was assessed by 32 ISSR markers, for their genetic stability. Out of 32 ISSR markers, 15 markers produced clear, distinct and scorable bands with an average of 5.47 bands per marker. The markers designed from AG motif amplified more number of bands. The markers anchored at 3′ ends produced high number of consistent bands than unanchored markers. Fifteen ISSR markers generated a total of 3773 bands, out of which 3770 were monomorphic among all the clones. The Jaccard's similarity coefficient revealed that out of 45 clones derived from different explants, 44 were grouped into a single large cluster alongwith the mother plant with a similarity coefficient value of 1.00, whereas one clone (C38) remained ungrouped. The clones derived from capitulum and shoot tip explants did not show any genetic variation, whereas, one of the leaf-derived clones exhibited some degree of variation.     

赤霉素对非洲菊生长开花的影响研究

对非洲菊品种"洛斯"采用不同浓度的GA处理,研究其对非洲菊开花的影响。结果表明:赤霉素可使株高、叶片数、茎粗和叶绿素含量都有增长,不同浓度的赤霉素对花卉的品质影响不同,赤霉素以50 mg/L为最佳浓度处理。     

影响非洲菊离体培养器官分化的因素

采用非洲菊的 4个不同切花品种 ,主要通过对花托外植体进行离体培养 ,从基因型、激素组合、基本培养基、蔗糖质量浓度等方面研究了非洲菊器官形成的规律。结果表明 :幼小的花托是非洲菊最适宜培养的外植体。虽然品种之间存在着差异 ,但在 2个月内均能从愈伤组织上直接产生不定芽。芽的产生以IAA 0 1mg/L及BA 10mg/L为最佳激素配比 ,而基本培养基诱导芽分化的效果是B5>1/ 2MS >MS ,1%蔗糖较之高质量分数蔗糖更有利于芽的分化。     

矮牵牛茎段植株再生体系的建立

将矮牵牛Petunia hybrida Vilm的茎段接种在MS附加不同激素的培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导.结果表明:在MS BA1.0 mol.L-1 NAA1.0 mol.L-1的培养基上可以形成愈伤组织,而且经过继代培养仍可形成愈伤组织;茎段或愈伤组织接种在MS BA1.0 mol.L-1 NAA0.1 mol.L-1的培养基上可以形成不定芽,且诱导率达100%;健壮的高1.5~2.0 cm的不定芽接种在1/2MS IBA0.5 mol.L-1 AC1.0 g.L-1的培养基上,其生长根状况良好,生根率达100%.