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《农业科学与技术》2016,(5):1048-1054
The fatty acid desaturase 2 (fad2) gene was proven to be a major locus for high oleic acid (C18:1). Brassica napus is an amphidiploid species originating from a spontaneous hybridization of Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. B. napus contains multiple copies in genome for most of the genes, including fad2 genes. The research cloned nine fad2 genes from 3 varieties of B. rapa and 3 varieties of B. oleracea, respectively. Alignment of the nine fad2 sequences from B. rapa and B. oleracea detect-ed 6 single nucleotide polymorphic sites, which resulted in 6 amino-acid substitutions. The nucleotide substitutions at position 743 bp in the fad2-A gene and position 947 bp in the fad2-C gene were used as 3’ end of al ele-specific primers. In use of the al-lele-specific primers to amplify fad2 gene, we could identify if the fad2 gene originated from A genome or C genome. Besides, the research found that fad2 genes in C genome are more conserved in evolutionary process than those in A genome. The fad2 expression data reported in this study revealed that fad2-A from B. rapa was not only expressed in siliques same as fad2-C from B. oleracea, but also expressed in a high level in stems. Not even the less, fad2 gene from B. napus was expressed higher in roots and flowers. Al these results provided evidences that fad2, though it was expressed differently in B. rapa and B. oleracea, but it was regulated by the same approach in B. napus. 相似文献
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Marija Marković Vladimir IvovićTijana Štajner Vitomir DjokićIvana Klun Branko BobićAleksandra Nikolić Olgica Djurković-Djaković 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2014
To contribute to the insight into the worldwide population structure of Toxoplasma gondii, we genetically characterized a total of eight strains isolated from intermediate hosts including humans, sheep and pigeons in Serbia. Although parasite DNA was detected in 28.2% (60/213) of the human samples from 162 patients serologically suspected of active toxoplasmosis, as well as in 5/7 seropositive pigeons and in 2/12 seropositive sheep examined, multilocus PCR-RFLP genotyping, using SAG1, 5′SAG2, 3′SAG2, GRA6, 5′GRA7 and 3′GRA7 as markers, was successful in only four human isolates (of which one was isolated from both the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood samples of a single patient), one sheep and three pigeons. Of the eight isolates, five were type II (62.5%), one was type III, one was atypical, and one had a type I allele at GRA6 as the single locus genotyped. Although type II, as elsewhere in Europe, predominated, these results may suggest a higher genetic diversity of T. gondii in Serbia, reflecting local environmental contamination and also the geographical position of the country in South-East Europe. 相似文献
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Bacterial pathogens carried by pet birds are considered a risk for birds, workers, and pet owners. This study investigated the potential of pet birds as reservoirs for virulent multidrug-resistant (MDR) zoonotic bacteria and assessed the genetic relatedness and diversity of bacterial isolates from pet birds and human contacts. Cloacal and tracheal swabs from 125 pet birds and 70 hand swabs from human contacts were collected. The results revealed that the pet birds were reservoirs for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.6 %, each), and Staphylococcus aureus (15.2 %). These isolates were also identified in their human contacts, at percentages of 14.3 %, 12.9 %, and 24.3 %, respectively. Virulence associated genes were identified from E. coli (stx2, stx2f, eaeA, and hlyA), K. pneumoniae (fimH, TraT, and magA), and S. aureus (PVL, hly, sea, sed genes) isolates. Multidrug-resistant E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus were highly prevalent (81.3 %, 90.3 %, and 61.1 %, respectively). The genetic relationship between the E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from the pet birds and human contacts were determined by ERIC-PCR, while, RAPD-PCR was used for the S. aureus isolates. ERIC-PCR was found to have the highest discriminatory power. The clustering of the isolates from the pet birds and human contacts indicated potential transmission between the birds and workers. In conclusion, pet birds could act as potential reservoirs for zoonotic bacterial pathogens; thus, posing a risk to their human contacts. 相似文献
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A. Shamay J. Fang N. Pollak A. Cohen N. Yonash U. Lavi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(4):821-829
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were discovered in 44 cDNA clones from leaves by comparison of the commercial cultivar
‘Mona Lisa‘ with a wild population of Anemone coronaria L. One hundred and fifty five SNPs were discovered with an average frequency of one SNP per 167 bp. Forty nine percent of
the SNPs are transitions, 43 are transversions, 26 are heterozygotes and 9% are InDels. Eighty two (68%) of the SNPs located
in the ORF, resulted in a change of amino acid while 39 (32%) did not affect the amino acid. Thirty eight SNPs (46%), which
change the amino acid, resulted in similar amino acid, while 44 SNPs (54%) resulted in a non-similar amino acid. Nine polymorphic
sites were genotyped by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) using
genomic DNA. Phylogenetic analysis of 50 individuals from six wild populations and the commercial cultivar revealed high polymorphism
within and low polymorphism between A. coronaria L. wild populations. The phylogenetic tree revealed only one clear cluster of the ‘Mona Lisa’ cultivar. All the other individuals
from the various wild populations are distributed on different nodes indicating that the genetic variation within the wild
populations is high while the commercial cultivar is quite homogenous and genetically different from all other populations. 相似文献
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van Duijkeren E Ikawaty R Broekhuizen-Stins MJ Jansen MD Spalburg EC de Neeling AJ Allaart JG van Nes A Wagenaar JA Fluit AC 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,126(4):383-389
The main objective of the present study was to investigate if different kinds of pig farms, like farrowing farms and rearing farms, play a role in the transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to Dutch finishing farms. Twelve farrowing farms, 11 finishing farms, 6 farrow-to finish farms, 1 rearing farm and 1 centre for artificial insemination were included. Screening of 310 pigs from these 31 farms showed 35 pigs (11%) to carry MRSA in their nares. On 7 of the 31 (23%) investigated farms colonized pigs were found, including 3 finishing farms, 3 farrowing farms and 1 farrow-to-finish farm. The use of standard antimicrobial medication of the pigs seemed to be a risk factor for MRSA carriage. Screening of the pigs on six farms supplying pigs for the MRSA positive farms revealed that the pigs on all but one farm were MRSA positive. Genotyping revealed that all MRSA strains were non-typeable by PFGE using the SmaI restriction enzyme and had multilocus sequence type (MLST) ST398. Different spa-types were found including t011, t108, t567, t899 and t1939, but the spa-types on epidemiologically related farms were identical indicating that MRSA are transmitted between farms through the purchase of colonized pigs. Two SCCmec types were found among the MRSA: type IV and type V. SCCmec type V was predominant. On two farms MRSA isolates with ST398, the same spa-type but with different SCCmec types (IV and V) were found, suggesting that different SCCmec elements have been inserted into MSSA with the same genotype. All MRSA strains were resistant to tetracycline, but additional resistances to erythromycin, lincomycin, kanamycin and gentamicin were also found. All MRSA isolates were negative for the exfoliative toxin genes (eta and etb), PVL toxin genes (lukF and lukS), toxic shock syndrome gene (tst-1), and the leukotoxin genes (lukE, lukD, lukM, lukF'). 相似文献
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Update on the diagnosis of Haemophilus parasuis infection in pigs and novel genotyping methods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Haemophilus parasuis causes Gl?sser's disease as well as a number of other diseases in pigs. The diagnosis of H. parasuis-associated disease is usually established by clinical signs, pathological findings and bacterial isolation but diagnosis is complicated by the existence of non-virulent strains and the early colonisation of the upper respiratory tract of healthy piglets. Moreover, several strains can be found on a farm and even within a single animal so it is important to determine the specific strain that is causing the clinical outbreak. Recently, genotyping methods have been developed with the goal of correlating genotype with the degree of virulence of H. parasuis strains. The association between genotype and virulence in H. parasuis is challenging due to the lack of knowledge of the complete genomic sequence and virulence factors of this bacterium. 相似文献
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Inge M. Hanssen Anneleen Paeleman Lieve Wittemans Kris Goen Bart Lievens Claude Bragard Alfons C. R. C. Vanachter Bart P. H. J. Thomma 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,121(2):131-146
Over a period of a few years, Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) has become one of the most important viral diseases in tomato production worldwide. Infection by PepMV can cause
a broad range of symptoms on tomato plants, often leading to significant financial losses. At present, five PepMV genotypes
(EU, LP, CH2, US1 and US2) have been described, three of which (EU, LP and US2) have been reported in Europe. Thus far, no
correlation has been found between different PepMV genotypes and the symptoms expressed in infected plants. In this paper,
the genetic diversity of the PepMV population in Belgian greenhouses is studied and related to symptom development in tomato
crops. A novel assay based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was developed to discriminate between the different
PepMV genotypes. Both RFLP and sequence analysis revealed the occurrence of two genotypes, the EU genotype and the CH2 genotype,
within tomato production in Belgium. Whereas no differences were observed in symptom expression between plants infected by
one of the two genotypes, co-infection with both genotypes resulted in more severe PepMV symptoms. Furthermore, our study
revealed that PepMV recombinants frequently occur in mixed infections under natural conditions. This may possibly result in
the generation of viral variants with increased aggressiveness. 相似文献
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