高效液相色谱法测定天女木兰叶中游离酚和结合酚

[目的]进一步了解天女木兰中酚类物质种类及含量。[方法]利用高效液相色谱仪对天女木兰叶片中游离酚、结合酚和酯化酚进行定性定量测定。[结果]在10种检测酚中,天女木兰叶片中含有香豆酸和绿原酸2种游离酚,含有咖啡酸、香豆酸、香豆素和表儿茶素4种结合酚及香豆素和香豆酸2种酯化酚;各种形式的香豆酸广泛存在于叶片中。[结论]该研究建立的高效液相色谱法测定天女木兰叶中游离酚和结合酚的方法准确、可靠。     

松香甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯均聚和共聚研究

将松香与甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)合成的酯化物,通过自由基聚合的方法制备了均聚物和与苯乙烯(St)的共聚物,用红外光谱(IR)和核磁共振氢谱(1HNMR)表征了产物的分子结构,分别用综合热分析仪(TGA)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)表征了产物的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度。结果表明:松香HEMA酯的均聚反应较难进行,过氧化苯甲酰是其均聚反应较好的引发剂;松香HEMA酯与苯乙烯(St)较易进行共聚反应,偶氮二异丁腈是共聚反应较好的引发剂;共聚物的黏度和玻璃化转变温度随苯乙烯的用量的增加而增加,而均聚物热稳定性好于共聚物。     

AE-活性酯的合成及检测方法的建立

改进AE-活性酯的合成方法,采用亚磷酸三乙酯代替传统的三苯基膦为脱水剂,二氯甲烷和丙酮混合溶剂（1 1,V V）作为反应溶媒,得到的AE-活性酯外观为淡黄色结晶粉末,产率89.55%,熔点130～132℃,纯度99.14%.确定了以冰乙酸为溶剂、结晶紫为指示剂,用高氯酸标准溶液进行滴定检测AE-活性酯纯度的方法.实验建立的方法稳定、可靠,为AE-活性酯的合成和纯度测定提供了参考.     

EMS对不同大豆品种M2代农艺性状的影响

为了明确甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)对不同大豆品种的诱变效果,利用0.5% EMS溶液处理4个大豆品种种子,对M2代主要农艺性状的遗传变异进行分析。结果表明：各品种的农艺性状均发生一定程度的变异,分枝数的变异系数最大,其次为单株粒数、单株荚数和单株粒重,而株高和主茎节数的变异系数较小,但在早熟品种当中这些变异大多达到显著水平,而在晚熟品种中均未达显著水平。从熟期的变异来看,各品种都诱变出早熟或晚熟的变异株,总的熟期变异株比例达43.1%,且早熟突变比例(24.6%)大于晚熟突变(18.5%),但在早熟品种中无论是早熟突变还是晚熟突变的比例都大于晚熟品种。     

9-硝基喜树碱酯类衍生物的合成和结构表征

以10-羟基喜树碱为原料,经硝化反应制备中间体9-硝基-10-羟基喜树碱,再经亲核取代反应合成新的9-硝基喜树碱酯类衍生物。对反应路线的选择及反应中间体和终产物的结构进行了详细解析,化合物的结构经1HNMR、13C NMR、IR和MS(ESI)表征。结果表明:此合成路线反应条件温和,产物总转化率达到90.2%。     

湖北地方茶树种质资源中酯型儿茶素含量研究

以26份湖北地方茶树种质资源为供试材料,采用高效液相色谱分析检测其春、夏、秋茶中CG、ECG、GCG、EGCG等4种主要酯型儿茶素组分含量。结果表明,CG、ECG、EGCG和酯型儿茶素总量在不同季节中的平均含量顺序为夏茶春茶秋茶,GCG的顺序为春茶夏茶秋茶;在春、夏、秋茶中,绝大部分茶树种质资源酯型儿茶素组分含量间表现出的变化趋势为EGCGGCGECGCG。各茶树种质资源春、夏、秋茶中酯型儿茶素的变异系数在13.21%~36.99%之间,季节间的变辐较小,个体间的变幅较大。基于酯型儿茶素的年均含量聚类分析显示,第2类群中CG和ECG含量高,第4类群中GCG和酯型儿茶素总量含量高。鄂茶7号、五峰310、五峰602、宣恩65等4个资源的夏茶和五峰108的夏茶、秋茶、年平均EGCG含量均在9.0%以上,可视为高EGCG茶树种质资源,可在今后育种和生产中加以利用。     

Effects of competition between phase separation and ester interchange reactions on the phase behavior in a phase-separated immiscible polyester blend: Monte carlo simulation

The effects of rate ratio of phase separation to ester interchange reactions and the repulsive pair interaction energy on the phase behavior in a phase-separated immiscible polyester blend are investigated using a Monte Carlo simulation method. The time evolution of structure factor and the degree of randomness are monitored as a function of homogenization time. When the phase separation is dominant over ester interchange reactions, the domain size slowly increases with homogenization time. However, when the pair interaction becomes less repulsive, the domain size does not significantly change with homogenization time. On the other hand, when ester interchange reactions are dominant over the phase separation, the homogenization proceeds without a change in the domain size. The higher the extent of phase separation, the lower the increasing rate of the DR. However, when the phase separation is sufficiently dominant, the effect of the extent of phase separation on the increasing rate of the degree of randomness become less significant.     

The effects of blend composition and blending time on the ester interchange reaction and tensile properties of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blends

PLA/LPCL/HPCL blends composed of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone) (LPCL), and high molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone) (HPCL) were prepared by melt blending for bioabsorbable filament sutures. The effects of blend composition and blending time on the ester interchange reaction by alcoholysis in the PLA/LPCL/HPCL blends were studied. Their thermal properties and the miscibility due to the ester interchange reaction were investigated by¹H-NMR, DSC, X-ray, and UTM analyses. The hydroxyl group contents of LPCL in the blends decreased by the ester interchange reaction due to alcoholysis. Thus, the copolymer was formed by the ester interchange reaction at 220 °C for 30–60 minutes. The thermal properties of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blends such as melting temperature and heat of fusion decreased with increasing ester interchange reaction levels. However, the miscibility among the three polymers was improved greatly by ester interchange reaction. Tensile strength and modulus of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fibers increased with increasing HPCL content, while the elongation at break of the blend fibers increased with increasing LPCL content.     

Sulfonate S: A major form of forest soil organic sulfur

Summary Several forests of varying elevations, soils and vegetation were studied to evaluate the relative importance of sulfonate S, amino acid S, and ester sulfate as constituents of soil organic S. Suflonate S exceeded 40% of total S in the O1 horizon of all but one site examined, and comprised at least 50% of total S in the O2 horizons of 14 out of 18 study sites examined. Sulfonate pool sizes, on a percentage basis, tended to decrease with increasing sample depth within the mineral horizons, but sulfonate S was still a major form of organic S in the C horizon. Amino-acid S pool sizes were, as a general rule, lower than those for sulfonate in the O1 and O2 horizons, and lower than those for both ester sulfate and sulfonate when mineral soil horizons were considered. In no case did amino-acid S represent>25% of total S. Amino-acid S decreased with increasing depth at all but one site examined. Ester sulfate pool sizes were generally less than those of sulfonate S and greater than those of amino-acid S. This trend was observed with the O1, O2, and A horizons, but it was not apparent with samples from the intermediate and lowest soil horizons, where ester sulfate levels exceeded those for sulfonate S in 4 out of 8 and 5 out of 14 sites, respectively, in these latter horizons. Although there were some exceptions, collectively, the data suggest that sulfonate S is a major form of organic S in forest soils, irrespective of depth.     

黄芩苷-姜辣素-海藻酸钠-蔗糖酯复合保鲜膜在鸡蛋保鲜中的应用

为研究黄芩苷-姜辣素-海藻酸钠-蔗糖酯复合保鲜膜最佳配方,以新鲜鸡蛋为试验对象,在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面分析法对黄芩苷、姜辣素、海藻酸钠、蔗糖酯复合保鲜防腐剂配方进行优化,并将其应用于鸡蛋防腐保鲜试验。结果表明,复合保鲜防腐剂配方为黄芩苷浓度1.90%、姜辣素浓度2.70%、海藻酸钠浓度1.45%、蔗糖酯浓度2.00%。在此条件下,37℃下保藏25天后,鸡蛋哈夫单位为69,蛋黄指数为0.38,失重率为4.8%,表明该复合保鲜膜具有良好的保鲜效果。所研制的复合生物保鲜膜具有绿色、天然、优质等特点,能够作为鸡蛋贮藏和保鲜的技术参考。