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1.
利用金华市1961~2011年的年降水量和逐日降水量资料,分析梅雨特征量(梅雨起讫日期、梅雨期长度、梅雨量、梅雨强度)的基本统计特征及其相互关系,并在此基础上对梅雨汛期的年际和年代际变化、周期和变化趋势进行了研究,最后探讨了各梅雨特征量对厄尔尼诺(拉尼娜)年的响应。结果表明,金华市梅雨年际和年代际变化明显,大致存在22年的周期;厄尔尼诺年,金华市出梅偏迟,梅雨期长度偏长,梅雨量偏多,梅雨强度偏强;拉尼娜年,金华市梅雨量偏少,梅雨强度偏弱。  相似文献   
2.
针对传统的GM(1,1)模型,分析了其预测结果与实际过程存在的偏差,通过GM(1,1)模型与自回归滑动平均模型相结合的方法以弥补偏差。以钦州市1999-2009年及2005-2009年城市供水总量这两组基础数据对本文所建模型进行验证,并利用此模型预测了钦州市2010-2018年需水量。通过与其他预测模型的对比,进一步证...  相似文献   
3.
异齿裂腹鱼人工规模化繁殖技术研究   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
张良松 《淡水渔业》2011,41(5):88-91,95
2010年4~6月,对野生异齿裂腹鱼(Schizothorax o' connori)人工规模化繁殖技术进行研究,并初步进行产后亲鱼恢复培养技术研究.对108尾雌鱼进行干法人工授精,共采卵104万多粒,孵出仔鱼62万多尾.其中45尾雌亲鱼自然成熟,共采卵46.8万多粒,平均受精率和孵化率低于人工催产雌鱼卵.人工催产83...  相似文献   
4.
提要 本文根据1961年以来长治市11个县站的降水和气温资料,分析1961年以来长治市年降水和气温的变化趋势,研究了厄尔尼诺事件/拉尼娜事件的发生和变化,以及厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜事件对长治市年降水和年平均气温以及旱涝灾害的影响。结果表明:1、1961—2014 年共有15 次ElNino 事件( 暖事件) 和14 次La Nina 事件( 冷事件)发生,发生概率分别为0.28和0.26;厄尔尼诺事件发生强度要大于拉尼娜事件发生的强度。2、厄尔尼诺事件主要发生在春夏季,结束于秋冬季; 拉尼娜事件主要发生在春—秋季,结束于春冬季。3、长治市年降水异常年份均出现在厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜事件发生年或结束年,且厄尔尼诺开始年和结束年所对应的气候异常相反。4、长治年平均气温的高低与拉尼娜年又较好的对应关系。5、长治市大旱大涝与厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜事件有极其密切的关系。  相似文献   
5.
Phosphite has been shown to suppress some diseases in different plant species but disease control in rice has not been investigated. In 2012/13 and 2013/14 potassium phosphite was sprayed at 1775 g ha−1 and 3550 g ha−1 in field plots of rice in Uruguay to determine if phosphite alone or in combination with label rates of a mixed strobilurin and triazole fungicide could be used to effectively control stem rot and aggregate sheath spot in irrigated rice. Six treatments consisting of different combinations of potassium phosphite alone or with a fungicide and an unsprayed control were assayed in one application at late-boot to early-heading. Phosphite alone in single and double rate slightly reduced severity and incidence of stem rot and produced a small yield increase over the unsprayed control. Fungicide at a 50% label rate with phosphite reduced stem rot severity and incidence to a similar level as the fungicide alone applied at the label rate. Disease severity was reduced by approximately 25% and incidence by 17–20% when compared with untreated control. Yield increase was 5% for both treatments over the unsprayed control. Fungicide combined with phosphite at single and double rates reduced stem rot severity by 40–45% and incidence by 34–38% when compared with untreated control, with yield increased by 10% over the unsprayed control and 5% over plots treated with a fungicide. These results indicate that a single application of potassium phosphite combined with fungicide can be used efficiently to manage of rice stem diseases.  相似文献   
6.
Hydropower plant operation can lead to direct impacts on fish near the dam, causing injuries and death. In Brazil, it is more common to observe these impacts in the tailrace. To understand temporal and spatial variations in fish abundance in the tailrace, to assist plant operation management, surveys were performed in Três Marias Hydropower Plant using hydroacoustics and multimesh gillnets. Data were collected in the tailrace backwater over 1 year, during 18 field trips, each covering a 24‐h cycle with six sampling intervals. A greater abundance of fish was found in the tailrace during the wet season, mainly explained by total discharge. More fish were detected by hydroacoustics and gill nets during night sampling. Siluriformes, which are known to exhibit nocturnal habits, were the predominant species in both dry and wet seasons. Thus, damaging operational procedures for fish should be planned in the dry season, low‐abundance period.  相似文献   
7.
To search natural compounds having inhibitory effect on bacterial growth is important, particularly in view of growing multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of bacterial pathogens. Like other bacterial pathogens, MDR Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of diarrheal disease cholera, is becoming a great concern. As an approach of searching new antimicrobial agents, here, we show that anethole, a well-studied natural component of sweet fennel and star anise seeds, could potentially inhibit the growth of MDR O1 El Tor biotype, the ongoing 7th cholera pandemic variant strains of toxigenic V. cholerae. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of anethole against diverse O1 El Tor biotype strains is evaluated as 200 µg/ml. Moreover, the effect of anethole is bactericidal and exerts rapid-killing action on V. cholerae cells. This study is the first report which demonstrates that anethole, purified from natural compound, is a potent inhibitor of growth of toxigenic V. cholerae. Our data suggest that anethole could be a potential antimicrobial drug candidate, particularly against MDR V. cholerae mediated infections.  相似文献   
8.
为研究不同分子筛催化剂对生物油催化裂解特性的影响,该文采用稀土元素La、非金属元素P以及活泼金属元素Ni对ZSM-5分子筛催化剂进行改性,在连续式固定床反应器中对乙酸乙酯、二丙酮醇、糠醛和愈创木酚等生物油模型化合物进行催化裂解试验,进而对比HY、HZSM-5、ZSM-5催化剂以及改性后ZSM-5催化剂对模型化合物的催化裂解反应特性以及脱氧效果。试验结果表明:在反应温度为400℃、反应质量空速为4/h条件下,经La/P/Ni改性ZSM-5分子筛催化剂,模型化合物有机相收率提高,结焦率下降;HY分子筛所得有机相收率最低,结焦率最高。模型化合物各组分裂解难易程度由易到难为二丙酮醇乙酸乙酯糠醛愈创木酚;改性后ZSM-5分子筛使组分单一转化率和总转化率均出现下降;HZSM-5分子筛作用下,反应转化率达到最高。模型化合物催化裂解脱氧产物以芳香烃为主,经La改性ZSM-5分子筛作用后,其芳香烃选择性较ZSM-5略微上升;P和Ni改性后,芳烃选择性下降;HZSM-5对于芳香烃选择性最高,达7.36%;HY对于芳香烃选择性最低,仅为3.15%。通过液体产物组分分析进一步探讨模型化合物反应路径,从而为生物油的催化裂解提供一定的理论基础和科学依据。  相似文献   
9.
Water potentials, osmotic potentials and stomatal resistances were measured daily in a growth chamber during a two‐week period, in growing leaves of a drought‐sensitive and a drought‐resistant winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), which had the roots maintained in nutrient culture media with 0.001 or 0.01 M FeEDDHA. For both cultivars, the high level of FeEDDHA increased water potentials, turgor potentials, and stomatal resistances, and decreased osmotic potentials. Roots of plants grown with the high level of FeEDDHA had lower concentrations of Ca and K, and higher concentrations of Fe, than those grown with the low level. The results showed that the concentration of FeEDDHA used in plant‐water‐relation studies should be defined because the chelate affects the water balance of plants.  相似文献   
10.
Ni和Cu胁迫对骆驼蓬抗氧化酶活性的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 采用温室盆栽法,研究Ni、Cu单一处理[0(对照),50,100,200,400 mg/kg]对金昌Ni/Cu尾矿库先锋植物骆驼蓬幼苗Ni、Cu积累、膜脂过氧化程度与抗氧化酶系统的影响。结果表明,骆驼蓬幼苗叶片及根部Ni、Cu含量随土壤介质中Ni、Cu含量的增加而增加,Ni主要富集在骆驼蓬的叶片,而Cu主要富集在骆驼蓬的根部;叶片及根部丙二醛(MDA)含量总体随Ni、Cu处理浓度升高而增加,膜脂过氧化程度加剧;Ni胁迫下,骆驼蓬叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性较对照均有所增强,共同组成植物体内一个有效的活性氧自由基(ROS)清除系统,根部SOD、APX 和CAT 活性受到抑制,POD 和GR 受诱导活性增强,在减轻Ni胁迫引起氧化损伤方面起重要作用;Cu胁迫下骆驼蓬叶片SOD、POD、CAT、APX 及GR 活性较对照均有所提高,减弱了Cu胁迫引起的氧化损伤;根部APX 活性受抑制,SOD、POD、CAT 及GR 活性受诱导增强,在缓解Cu胁迫引起氧化损伤方面发挥重要作用。  相似文献   
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