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排序方式: 共有906条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
复合剂(菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒Pierisrapae GV与苏云金杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis)是北京农业职业学院配制的生物制剂。采用浸叶法和喷雾法对菜粉蝶幼虫进行室内和田间防治试验。结果表明,室内用药4 d后,复合剂处理对菜粉蝶3龄、4龄幼虫的防效均在81.0%以上,显著高于单剂Bt处理。田间试验,复合剂以浓度1350ml·hm-2防治时,用药5 d、7 d后,防效均在80.0%以上,显著高于单剂Bt处理。下午4:00喷洒复合剂7 d、12 d后,其防效均在79.3%以上,显著高于上午9:00喷药的防效,具有显著的持效性。应用复合剂防治菜粉蝶有重要的杀虫潜力。  相似文献   
2.
Cotton bolls exhibit the lowest insecticidal efficacy among all organs of Bt cotton, which would ultimately affect the yield formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different urea concentrations on the seed Bt protein contents, seed cotton yield and the corresponding protein metabolism mechanism. The experiments were conducted during 2017–2018 cotton growing seasons. Two cultivars, Sikang 3(hybrid, SK3) and Sikang 1(conventional, SK1), were treated with six urea concentrations and their seed Bt protein contents were compared during boll formation period. The urea spray concentration had a significant effect on the seed Bt toxin content and seed cotton yield. Spraying of either 5 or 6% urea led to higher insecticidal protein contents and higher seed cotton yield for both cultivars. Moreover, the highest amino acid and soluble protein contents, as well as GPT and GOT activities, and lower protease and peptidase activities were observed at the 5 to 6% urea levels. Significant positive correlations between the seed Bt toxin and amino acid contents, and between the seed Bt toxin content and GPT activities were detected. The lower boll worm number and hazard boll rate were also observed with the 5 to 6% urea treatments, which may be the reason why nitrogen spraying increased the seed cotton yield. Therefore, our results suggested that the seed Bt toxin content and insect resistance were impacted markedly by external nitrogen application, and 5 to 6% urea had the greatest effect on insect resistance.  相似文献   
3.

BACKGROUND

Transgenic maize (Zea mays L.) event TC1507 (Herculex® I insect protection), expressing Cry1F δ‐endotoxin derived from Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai, was commercialized in 2003 in the Americas. Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) susceptibility to Cry1F was monitored annually across several regions in Argentina using diagnostic concentration bioassays. Reduced performance of TC1507 maize against S. frugiperda was reported in 2013. A resistant population was established in the laboratory and the dominance of Cry1F resistance was characterized.

RESULTS

During 2012–2015, high‐survivorship of several populations was observed in the resistance monitoring program. Reciprocal crosses of a Cry1F‐resistant population with a Cry1F‐susceptible population were evaluated to calculate effective dominance (DML) based on mortality levels observed at 100 µg/ml Cry1F. Two additional dominance levels (DLC and DEC) were calculated using lethal (LC50) or effective concentration (EC50) derived from concentration–response bioassays. Estimates indicated that Cry1F resistance in S. frugiperda in Argentina was either highly recessive (DML = 0.005) or incompletely recessive (DLC < 0.26 and DEC < 0.19).

CONCLUSION

This study is the first documented confirmation and characterization of S. frugiperda Cry1F field‐evolved resistance in Argentina. The resistance to Cry1F in S. frugiperda populations collected in Argentina, is autosomal and incompletely recessive similar to the resistance reported in Brazil. © 2017 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley © Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   
4.
中国草地贪夜蛾的防控策略   总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20  
草地贪夜蛾2019年已经在中国南方和周边国家的热带、南亚热带地区完成定殖过程。自2020年起,将在春、夏两季随季风向北逐代迁移进入中国长江流域、黄河流域和东北小麦、玉米等重要农作物主产区发生为害,形成对国家粮食生产安全的长期性威胁。作者基于对草地贪夜蛾生物学习性和发生规律的认识,借鉴中国棉铃虫等重大农业害虫防控的经验教训,提出了中国草地贪夜蛾防控工作"两步走"策略。在近年内,实施以化学防治、物理防治、生物防治和农业防治为主的综合防治技术体系,旨在解决短期内生产上草地贪夜蛾为害的应急管控问题。然后通过现代农业信息技术和生物技术的创新与应用,力争在3~5年的时间内构建和实施以精准监测预警、迁飞高效阻截和种植Bt玉米为核心的综合防治技术体系,实现低成本、绿色可持续控制目标,满足中国农业生产高质量发展和社会生态文明建设的战略性需求。  相似文献   
5.
转基因作物对土壤生态系统的影响日益引起人们的广泛关注。采用Biolog ECO微平板对转基因抗虫玉米IE09S034及其对应的受体玉米根际微生物群落碳代谢功能进行了比较研究。结果表明,转基因抗虫玉米IE09S034对根际微生物碳代谢功能无显著性影响,且发现年份和生育期是引起根际微生物碳代谢情况变化的主要因素。本文为转基因抗虫玉米IE09S034的环境安全性评估提供了新的依据。  相似文献   
6.
7.
以转Cry11Ac基因玉米及其非转基因对照为试验材料,利用大、中、小不同孔径的凋落物分解袋,研究黑土区转基因玉米外源基因表达Bt蛋白的降解规律及其与土壤动物的互作关系。结果表明,第二年春天大孔径凋落物分解袋内转基因玉米残体Bt蛋白含量为初始含量的25.98%,至8月份Bt蛋白只剩下初始含量的0.35%。分解袋孔径对转基因玉米及其对照玉米凋落物分解率和Bt蛋白降解率均有显著影响,表现为大孔径中孔径小孔径,说明大型和中型土壤动物都可以促进凋落物分解和Bt蛋白的降解。与对照玉米相比,转基因玉米凋落物分解率和凋落物内土壤动物群落结构参数都没有显著差异(P0.05,t-test),说明导入Bt基因对玉米残体分解速率和土壤动物均无显著影响。  相似文献   
8.
钱兰华 《安徽农业科学》2014,(17):5467-5469,5480
综述了国内转Bt基因棉对棉铃虫生长发育、行为习性、种群消长、天敌影响的研究进展,探讨其成因机制并提出了建议。  相似文献   
9.
家蚕可能通过取食漂移到桑叶上的玉米花粉从而受到转基因玉米中表达的Cry蛋白的影响。实验采用室内生物测试的方法评价了转cry1Abcry2Ab基因玉米GAB-3花粉对家蚕可能产生的影响,并采用在饲料中掺入蛋白的方式检测了转基因玉米中广泛使用的6种Cry杀虫蛋白对家蚕的毒性。当桑叶上GAB-3花粉密度为50粒·cm-2时,对家蚕幼虫存活率无显著影响,达500粒·cm-2时,家蚕14 d存活率为0;以10粒·cm-2的GAB-3花粉饲喂家蚕幼虫7 d对其体重无显著不利影响,但延长饲喂时间或者当GAB-3花粉密度为50粒·cm-2时,家蚕的体重显著低于对照组;转基因和非转基因玉米花粉处理14 d或更长时间的家蚕体重均低于无花粉处理组。与非转基因对照处理组相比,低于100粒·cm-2的转基因玉米GAB-3花粉处理组家蚕的化蛹率、茧重、茧壳重和蛹重无显著差异,转基因玉米和非转基因玉米花粉处理均会延长家蚕幼虫的发育历期。GAB-3花粉对家蚕7 d的LC50为261.18粒·cm-2,随着处理时间延长,LC50下降。测试的6种Bt杀虫蛋白对家蚕的毒性依次为Cry1C>Cry1Fa>Cry1B>Cry2A>Cry1Ab>Cry1Ac。目前,在中国接近商业化的转基因玉米中多采用的Bt杀虫蛋白为Cry1Ab和Cry2A,二者对家蚕的毒性较低,并且在实际生产中,家蚕接触到的转基因玉米花粉密度较低,因此转Cry抗虫基因玉米对家蚕的风险较低。  相似文献   
10.
Expression of insecticidal protein for transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton is unstable and related to nitrogen metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between leaf carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N) and insecticidal efficacy of two Bt cotton cultivars. C/N ratio and Bt protein content were both measured at peak square period and peak boll period respectively under 5-7 d high temperature and different nitrogen fertilizer rates on the Yangzhou University Farm and the Ludong Cotton Farm, China. All plants were grown in field. The results showed that the C/N ratio enhanced slightly and the Bt protein content remained stable at peak square period, but significant increases for the C/N ratio and decreases markedly for the leaf Bt protein concentration were detected at the peak boll period. The similar patterns at the two growth periods were found for the leaf C/N ratio and Bt protein content by different N fertilizer treatments. When nitrogen rate was from 0 to 600 kg ha-l, the C/N ratio was reduced by 0.017 and 0.006 for Sikang 1 and Sikang 3 at peak square period, compared to the 1.350 to 1.143 reduction for Sikang 1 and Sikang 3 at peak boll period, respectively. Correspondingly, the leaf Bt protein contents were bolstered by 2.6-11.8 and 26.9-36.9% at the two different growth periods, respectively. The results suggested that enhanced C/N ratio by high temperature and nitrogen application may result in the reduction of inseetiocidal efficacy in Bt cotton, especially in peak boll period.  相似文献   
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