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1.
近年来,饮茶调节肠道微生态的效果受到广泛关注。本研究通过将绿茶茶汤与志愿者新鲜粪样混合培养,使用荧光原位杂交技术考察不同发酵时间点(0、6、12、24 h)绿茶茶汤对与肥胖密切相关的肠道菌群(包括总菌、拟杆菌门微生物和厚壁菌门微生物)的影响,从而评估绿茶茶汤调节肠道微生态作用的效果。实验结果表明,绿茶茶汤在体外粪样混合培养体系中发酵24 h时,对于肠道中总菌、拟杆菌门微生物以及厚壁菌门微生物的数量减少有抑制效果(P0.05),并可以改善肠道中拟杆菌门与厚壁菌门的相对丰度,降低厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门比例(F/B),这为饮茶对改善肠道健康、减肥降脂作用提供了一定的理论参考。  相似文献   
2.
MAIDIE  ASFIE  TORU  YOSHIJIMA  HARUO  SUGITA 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(1):21-26
ABSTRACT:   Bacterial populations in goldfish feces were characterized by the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method. A total of nine different group-specific rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes were used. Approximately half of the microbial cells (57.8 ± 16.7%) were detected with a probe EUB338 and found to be bacteria. The microbial cells in 33–35 of the 35 samples from five specimens strongly hybridized with probes ALF1b, BET42a and GAM42a, suggesting that goldfish intestinal bacteria are mainly composed of α, β and γ-subclasses of Proteobacteria. The fact that a probe AER66 reacted with 25.6 ± 14.2% of the total microbial cells in all 35 samples, demonstrated that genus Aeromonas was the dominant species in the goldfish intestines. Genus Bacteroides including Bacteroides type A detected with a probe BAC303 was observed in 15 of 35 samples while other taxonomic groups determined with HGC69a, CF39a and P72 were detected in 6–11 of 35 samples. These results strongly suggest that Bacteroides shows the greatest daily fluctuation and interindividual variation in the intestines of goldfish. Moreover, the FISH method was proven to be useful for rapid enumeration of taxonomic groups of fish intestinal bacteria.  相似文献   
3.
近年来,肠道菌群研究获得的重大突破表明,卵形拟杆菌具有代谢多糖及胆碱盐的能力,对于治疗糖尿 病、心血管疾病、炎症性肠病及癌症等具有生理功效,被认为是具有潜在益生作用的下一代益生菌,具有极其广阔 的研究和应用前景,已成为近年来国内外研究的热点。然而,目前对于卵形拟杆菌的细菌学特性、功能特性和应用 前景还没有较为系统全面的总结。本文主要从卵形拟杆菌的细菌学特性、功能特性和应用前景三方面综述卵形拟杆 菌的研究现状,以期为国内外同行进行相关研究和应用提供参考。  相似文献   
4.
应用拟杆菌作为水体粪源污染指示菌的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
粪源污染是水环境安全的重要威胁。传统的指示微生物在水体粪源检测中存在较多局限性,难以准确溯源水体所受粪源污染。拟杆菌属微生物因其具有在人畜肠道中的绝对数量优势和突出的粪源指示作用等优点,在粪源污染监测中日渐受到重视。该文阐述了拟杆菌作为指示微生物在应用于示踪水体粪源污染时的优势,并针对水环境中拟杆菌的检测方法及其在受污...  相似文献   
5.
为研究两色金鸡菊乙酸乙酯提取物对糖尿病小鼠肠道菌群的影响,初步判断它们之间的关系,收集正常组、模型组、二甲双胍对照组以及两色金鸡菊乙酸乙酯提取物高、中、低剂量组粪便样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测粪便样本中球形梭菌与多形拟杆菌的水平;运用Pearson分析,对目标菌属水平与各组小鼠的空腹血糖(FBG)做相关性分析。结果表明:(1)与正常组比较,模型组中球形梭菌与多形拟杆菌水平均增高(P=0.017,P=0.002);(2)两色金鸡菊乙酸乙酯提取物低剂量组与模型组相比,球形梭菌与多形拟杆菌的水平下降,且有统计学差异(2周:P=0.010,P=0.002;4周:P=0.001,P=0.002);(3)球形梭菌水平、多形拟杆菌水平均与FBG水平呈正相关。可见2型糖尿病小鼠肠道菌群球形梭菌与多形拟杆菌水平较正常组增高;两色金鸡菊乙酸乙酯提取物可降低模型组群球形梭菌与多形拟杆菌水平。  相似文献   
6.
7.
五氯硝基苯降解菌生长特性及降解活性   总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4  
从施用过五氯硝基苯(Pentachloronitobenzene,PCNB)的土壤中分离得到1株高效细菌菌株--吉氏拟杆菌(Bacteroides distasonis),并在生长条件和降解机理进行了初步研究。结果表明:该菌株的最适生长条件为:温度25-30℃,pH值6.0-7.0;该菌株依靠共代谢作用还原PCNB,在培养液和土壤悬液条件下均能加速PCNB的降解,半衰期均低于27d。  相似文献   
8.
In order to evaluate the potential prebiotic effects of cellobiose, 10 healthy adult research beagle dogs received a complete diet containing 0, 0.5 and 1 g cellobiose/kg bodyweight (BW)/day. At the end of each feeding period, faeces, urine and blood of the dogs were collected. The results demonstrated a significant increase of faecal lactate concentrations, indicating a bacterial fermentation of cellobiose in the canine intestine. Along with this, a dose-dependent linear increase of the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae in the faeces of the dogs was observed (p = 0.014). In addition, a dose-dependent increase (p < 0.05) of Alloprevotella, Bacteroides and Prevotella, and a linear decrease for unidentified Lachnospiraceae (p = 0.011) was observed when cellobiose was added to the diet, although the relative abundance of these genera was low (<1%) among all groups. The faecal pH was not affected by dietary cellobiose. Cellobiose seemed to modulate the excretion of nitrogen metabolites, as lower concentrations of phenol (p = 0.034) and 4-ethylphenol (p = 0.002) in the plasma of the dogs were measured during the supplementation periods. Urinary phenols and indoles, however, were not affected by the dietary supplementation of cellobiose. In conclusion, cellobiose seems to be fermented by the intestinal microbiota of dogs. Although no effect on the faecal pH was detected, the observed increase of microbial lactate production might lower the pH in the large intestine and consecutively modulate the intestinal absorption of nitrogen metabolites. Also, the observed changes of some bacterial genera might have been mediated by increased intestinal lactate concentrations or a higher relative abundance of lactobacilli. Whether these results could be considered as a prebiotic effect and used as a dietetic strategy in diseased animals to improve gut function or hepatic and renal nitrogen metabolism should be evaluated in future studies.  相似文献   
9.
腐蹄病是指侵害指(趾)间皮肤及皮肤更深层软组织的急性或亚急性炎症。患病皮肤常坏死、裂开,炎症从指(趾)间皮肤蔓延到蹄冠、系部和球节,病肢明显跛行,并伴有全身性症候。腐蹄病是奶牛蹄病中危害性极为严重的一类疾病,病畜食欲减退、泌乳量下降、繁殖能力降低,病情严重者将被迫淘汰,严重影响奶牛业的发展,造成严重的经济损失。鉴于该病对奶牛业的严重危害,奶牛出现蹄病时的及时、准确临床诊断,以及与其他蹄病的鉴别诊断,对于奶牛蹄病的临床治疗和预防具有重要的实际指导意义。本试验根据节瘤拟杆菌纤毛蛋白基因序列的特异性,设计1对引物BPP并建立了PCR检测方法。试验结果表明,引物BPP具有相对较高的特异性和敏感性,其敏感性达到了152.5 pg,且引物FLP具有很好的特异性,能够准确诊断出节瘤拟杆菌的存在。  相似文献   
10.
多形拟杆菌的基因组特点证明其是一种重要的糖化菌,多形拟杆菌对营养物质的利用主要表现在2个方面:一是降解难被宿主消化的营养物质;二是通过影响宿主的代谢机制,使营养物质被宿主更高效率的吸收和利用,本文就上述问题进行了综述。  相似文献   
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