不同处理对四季秋海棠扦插生根的影响研究

以四季秋海棠为材料，进行扦插生根研究。试验结果表明：不同季节、不同基质、不同植物生长调节剂对四季秋海棠扦插生根有很大的影响，其中秋季扦插，以河沙做基质，以30mg/LNAA、30mg/LIAA或50mg/LIBA处理的插条生根效果较好。     

麻疯树PIN基因家族的鉴定与生物信息学分析

PIN基因家族是一类调控植物生长素极性运输的重要载体元件。本研究利用功能已知的拟南芥PIN蛋白家族为参考序列,在麻疯树全基因组数据中共鉴定出9条PIN基因,并针对9条JcPIN基因开展系统的生物信息学研究,开展进化树构建和基序分析以及基因表达研究和密码子偏好性解析。结果发现:9条麻疯树PIN蛋白多属于由碱性氨基酸组成的稳定蛋白,均为位于细胞质膜上的非分泌蛋白;蛋白家族含有保守的N末端结构域,二级结构与拟南芥PIN蛋白相似;进化结果表明麻疯树PIN基因与毛果杨PIN基因家族关系最近;表达分析发现了4个可信度较高的麻疯树PIN基因,密码子偏好性分析确定了13个高频密码子,揭示了异源表达JcPIN时需要改造的密码子。研究结果可为将来开展麻疯树PIN基因家族的功能研究奠定重要基础,也为麻疯树其他基因家族和其他拥有大量数据的植物基因家族研究提供参考。     

Improving ‘Bing’ sweet cherry fruit quality with plant growth regulators

Final fruit diameter is the prime determinant of sweet cherry fruit value. Previous research has shown that mesocarp cell size accounts predominantly for variability in final fruit size, within a genotype. Our research program evaluated the potential to improve sweet cherry fruit size/weight with growth regulators to affect cell division and/or cell expansion stages. In the current study we screened 8 plant growth regulators (PGRs), including cytokinins, gibberellins, and auxins, and their combinations for their ability to increase ‘Bing’ fruit weight. Each PGR was mixed in lanolin paste and applied to fruit pedicels at 9 or 30 days after full bloom (DAFB), to coincide with estimated peak in cell division and cell expansion activity, respectively. Several cytokinins applied 30 DAFB improved fruit weight significantly (ca. +15%) with N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU) and 6-(3-hydroxybenzylamino) purine (mt-Topolin) at 100 mg l⁻¹ being the most effective. Gibberellins, applied alone, improved fruit size and delayed fruit maturation and exocarp coloration. GA₃ at 200 mg l⁻¹ applied at 9 DAFB was the most effective and improved final fruit weight by 15%. Fifty-six percent of the fruit from this treatment were ≥9 g compared to 15% of similar weight fruit from untreated limbs. Both GA₃ and GA_4/7 treatments applied 9 DAFB increased fruit radial expansion. 4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid, a synthetic auxin, also stimulated higher fruit growth rates at stage I and stage II, and fruit color development, but did not improve final fruit size.     

FAST BREEDING OF GROUND-COVER CHRYSANTHEMUM

Ground-coverchrysanthemum(Dendranthemaxgrandof0raTzvel)isanexcellentpersistingrootflowerwithshortplant,highregressiveresistance,densebloomandcarelessmanagement.Itisre-gardedasagoodbreedforgardenaffores-tationandcomesintobloomaroundtheNationalDay.Cuttageandplantdivisionmethodsarethemostinuseforbreedingofthisspecies-Thetest-tubebreedingmeth-odwasad0ptedinthisexperimentinordertoincreasethebreedingc0efficientoftheimprovedbreed.MATERIALSANDMETHODSTheshort-yellowspeciesofground-coverchrysa…     

生长素对植物维管分化的信号诱导作用

植物维管系统与植物生长发育关系密切，维管组织的分化机制也因此倍受关注。生长素可诱导植物维管组织分化，它根据自身浓度的高低产生系列信号，从而通过这些信号来控制其所在部位及其周围区域维管组织的分化状况。该文重点论述了生长素在细胞间的极性运输方式及其信号转导途径、生长素对维管组织分化的信号诱导作用及其表现特征，以及生长素诱导植物维管组织分化的分子机理。     

生长素诱导大豆未成熟子叶胚胎发生效应的研究

用 2 ,4_D与萘乙酸两种生长素的各 4种浓度诱导大豆未成熟子叶胚胎发生。结果表明 ,两种生长素均可诱导胚胎发生 ,并且胚胎发生率和平均胚数在两种生长素间无显著差异 ;品种在平均胚数上存在差异。高浓度的 2 ,4_D诱导胚胎发生效果好于低浓度 ,诱导率达 4 1 2 3%。同时 ,观察到诱导大豆未成熟子叶胚胎发生时 ,开始第一周高浓度的 2 ,4_D对胚胎发生有更重要的作用     

TISSUE CULTURE OF ROSA CHINENSIS VAR.FLORIBUNDA

INTRODUCTI0NScIllossManl1hcin1-t"hicl1isbclongtoRosaccacan`lRo.vol.'I1asbeautifulcolorandgoodt1oxtcrshapcltsflottcrlngpcrlod1sverylong(2~3mol1tl1s)SchlossMannhclmcanli"cundcrdiffcrcntcli1natcc0nditionsandcanbccultlX'atcdinpotandpla11tcdal0ngstrccts.Thctissueculturcn1ethod\"astlscdinthISstudy'f0rincrcasingpropagationratcofSclllossMannhcin1.MATERIALSANDMETHO0SExPcrimcntaIMatcriaIsScl1IossMa11nI1cll111\asscIcctcdIYon1grccnhousclnAugustof1`j()4Fulla11dunsproutll1gbudsxtcrctakc…     

The role of free space calcium in the basipetal transport of indole‐3‐acetic acid in sunflower hypocotyls 1

Calcium has been reported to be involved in the basipetal transport of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA). It has been suggested that basipetal transport of IAA requires the influx of Ca²⁺ into the cytoplasm from the cell wall free space and that Ca²⁺ acts as a second messenger. Experiments were conducted to determine the interaction of free space Ca²⁺ with the basipetal transport of IAA. Four day old sunflower (Helianthus annus L. cv ‘Russian Mammoth') seedlings grown in 0.20 strength Hoagland's solution were either left intact or excised below the cotyledonary node to remove the meristem, the source of IAA in the shoot. After removal of the node, the plants were treated with or without 500 μM IAA in lanolin paste. After 24 h, 3 mm segments were cut from the hypocotyls and incubated in KCl. Solution Ca²⁺ concentration, representing free space Ca²⁺, increased when the source of IAA was removed. Plants which were provided a source of IAA, either endogenously or exogenously, had low levels of free space Ca²⁺. In a separate experiment, segments of sunflower hypocotyls were incubated in KCl solutions with or without 10 μM IAA. Free space Ca²⁺ was lower when the segments were incubated in solutions containing IAA. It was concluded that basipetal IAA transport resulted in low levels of Ca²⁺ in the free space, which supports the hypothesis that basipetal IAA transport has a requirement for the influx of Ca²⁺ from the free space into the cytoplasm.     

A diazotrophic, indole-3-acetic acid-producing endophyte from wild cottonwood

An endophytic bacterium, wild poplar strain B (WPB), isolated from stems of wild cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) was identified to Burkholderia vietnamiensis by analyzing the recA and rDNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the nifHDK cluster indicates that the WPB isolate shares high sequence similarity with known B. vietnamiensis strains. The nitrogenase activity of WPB was determined by a ¹⁵N₂ incorporation assay and an acetylene reduction assay. WPB was also monitored for production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a phytohormone which can promote plant growth, when incubated with l-tryptophan. In addition, its plant growth promotion capacity was assessed by inoculating the WPB strain onto Kentucky bluegrass in nitrogen-free medium. Compared to uninoculated control plants, the plants inoculated with WPB gained more dry weight (42%, p = 0.01) and more nitrogen content (37%, p = 0.04) in 50 days.     

Rooting of juvenile succulent cuttings from haif‐sib families of Picea abies

Leader shoots from juvenile succulent Norway spruce seedlings were used as cuttings 11 weeks after sowing. The seedlings were grown for 6 additional weeks and then apically dominant and lateral shoots were also used as cuttings. These three cutting categories, leaders, dominants and laterals, rooted 99.4, 99.0 and 97.5 % respectively and performed differently with respect to rooting development, number of roots per cutting and response to IBA and PIBA treatments (synthetic auxins). A large individual variation in number of roots per cutting, which auxin treatments did not reduce, was present within each cutting categoty. Laterals from the three different families included in the study showed a different variation than did leaders and dominants. Generally, the juvenile succulent cuttings were easy to root. Seedlings grown at a rather high light intensity (62 W/m²) had the potential to give good rooting even without hormonal treatments.