Analysis on Micro-structure of TiN Thin Film and Polyimide with AFM

The study in molecular morphology is given with a highresolution Atomic Force Microscope AFM.IPC-208B.By taking TiN thim film prepared by magnerton sputtering method and polymide(PI) fibre for examples,the preferenthal growing plme of TiN thin film,the atomic arranges of TiN thin film on the preferential growing plme and the surficial micro-structure can be ascertained form the three-dimensional images obtamed by AFM.IPC-208B.These experiments not only identify small structures of the materials,but also affirm that AFM.IPC-208B holds the precision of atomic level and potential application in micro-structure field,at the same time it establishs the groundwork for the application in micro-process kingdom.     

柠檬酸盐对黑云母表面溶解及微结构变化的影响

采用离位培养法,结合原子力显微镜的接触成像和相位成像模式研究层状硅酸盐含钾矿物黑云母在根际环境条件下的表面溶解现象和矿物微结构转化过程。结果表明,在p H 4.0的弱酸水溶液中反应24 h时,黑云母(001)面上有微型蚀坑出现,其深度介于0.1~0.9 nm之间,表面变得比较粗糙;反应96 h时,黑云母(001)面上蚀坑较为明显,但仅占总表面的4.8%,蚀坑的深度平均为0.957 nm;反应140 h时,黑云母(001)面上有不稳定的覆盖物沉积,阻碍表层溶解过程的持续进行。在p H 4.0的柠檬酸溶液中,经过24 h培养,(001)面上有大量的蚀坑出现,单层溶解现象明显;48 h时,表面台阶溶解速率显著提高,溶解面积可达总表面的48.7%;140 h时,(001)面上有圆形状胀裂发生,表层(高度,1~2 nm)发生破裂、产生较多的黑云母碎片,溶解速率进一步提高。随着柠檬酸溶液中Na+浓度的增加,表层溶解速率增强,(001)面上也有次生覆盖物沉积。同时,界面上Na+-K+交换作用加剧,表层结构(高度,2~10 nm)胀裂现象更加明显。随着反应时间的延长,140 h时,黑云母(001)面的深层结构(深度,~20 nm)亦逐渐隆起并引起周边区域产生裂缝(深度,0.1~1.9 nm),最终导致表层微结构区域水化,形成水化云母(伊利石)。     

原子力显微镜表征土壤中的纳米胶体

以平均粒径和多分散性指数为参数、采用原子力显微镜(AFM)表征了不同地区三种土壤纳米胶体的粒径与形貌,研究了pH及重金属离子对纳米胶体粒径和形貌的影响。结果表明,江苏九华(JH-4)土壤纳米胶体主要为形状规则的黏土矿物粒子,并部分被有机质包裹或覆盖,平均粒径为21.5nm(n=98),多分散性程度高(PI=1.9);浙江富阳(FY-1)土壤纳米胶体主要是无规则形状的有机质包裹的粒子,平均粒径为20.3nm(n=133),多分散性程度高(PI=2.0);江西德兴(DX-9)土壤纳米胶体主要是球状或近球状的无机粒子,平均粒径为56.3nm(n=147),多分散性程度较低(PI=1.3)。pH及重金属铜离子的存在对纳米胶体粒径和形貌会产生或分散或团聚的影响,这种影响可能与土壤纳米胶体的电荷性质、有机质含量等因素有关,形貌变化较为复杂。这种复杂性对理解和研究胶体在环境过程中的行为具有指导意义。     

Effect of different fractions of zein on the mechanical and phase properties of zein films at nano-scale

The phase behavior of zein films has been investigated at nano-scale using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and compared to the phase behavior of the bulk using a thermal characterization technique. The local surface properties of the films were evaluated as a function of water activity using AFM. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of zein films decreased with increasing water activity. Adhesion forces measured by the AFM force curves increased with increasing water activity. Topography of zein and zein fractions were evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively by the use of AFM and dedicated software to calculate the surface roughness. It has been found that processing technologies (solvent casting, drop deposition and spin casting) has influence on the surface structures of films. The films which were formed by the alpha zein rich fraction were found to have highest roughness values. Sectional surface profiles revealed that α-zein films have mean roughness (R_a) of 1.808 nm and root mean square roughness (RMS) of 2.239 nm while β-zein films have mean roughness (R_a) of 1.745 nm and root mean square roughness (RMS) of 3.623 nm. The discussions conducted on the differences/similarities in the observations were based on the hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties and interactions of these zein fractions.     

黄曲霉毒素B_1与M_1对小鼠肠道细菌多样性的影响

试验旨在研究黄曲霉毒素B_1与M_1(AFB_1与AFM_1)对小鼠肠道细菌多样性的影响。选取体况良好的4周龄ICR(CD-1)雄性小鼠40只,随机分成4组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只小鼠,其中AFB_1组小鼠每只每天灌胃0.3mg/kg体重AFB_1,AFM_1组小鼠每只每天灌胃3.0mg/kg体重AFM_1,AFB_1+AFM_1组每只每天灌胃AFB_1与AFM_1的混合溶液,其中AFB_1终浓度0.3mg/kg体重,AFM_1终浓度3.0mg/kg体重,以上3组毒素溶剂均为1.0%二甲基亚砜水溶液。对照组小鼠每只每天灌胃1.0%二甲基亚砜水溶液。每只灌胃剂量均为200μL,每天09∶00灌胃一次,连续灌胃28d。灌胃结束后,处死并解剖小鼠,收集结肠内容物,采用16SrRNA测序的方法对肠内容物细菌多样性进行测序分析。结果显示:在细菌群落的门水平、科水平及属水平,与对照组相比,3个毒素处理组小鼠肠道内容物细菌优势菌群均未发生明显排序变化(P>0.05),但不同的毒素处理仍造成了不同分类水平下细菌菌群丰度的显著变化:与对照组相比,AFB_1组及联合灌胃组小鼠肠内致病菌或条件致病菌,如Facklamia、Staphylococcus、Corynebacterium属细菌丰度显著升高(P<0.05);而AFM_1组与对照组相比未见显著差异(P>0.05)。综合试验结果,AFB_1单独作用或与AFM_1联合作用可诱导小鼠肠道内致病菌或条件致病菌细菌增殖,改变肠道健康微生物区系,损伤肠道微生物屏障功能。     

原位直接成像法在研究黑云母溶解过程中的应用

采用原位直接成像法(In situ atomic force microscopy)研究层状硅酸盐含钾矿物黑云母与低分子量有机酸的界面反应。结果表明,在近分子尺度下,黑云母具有典型的层状结构单元,高度约1 nm。天然黑云母片(001)面并非完全解理,其上既有台阶也有残片、碎片和蚀坑。在pH 6.0的柠檬酸盐溶液作用下,0~45 min内,黑云母(001)面上的台阶以0.01μm2min-1的恒定速率溶解,之后溶解速率降低;表面原有蚀坑边缘变模糊,但面积没有明显变化,同时(001)面上也没有新的蚀坑形成。通入pH 4.0柠檬酸盐溶液,经过89 min的反应,大量无规则形状的蚀坑产生并散乱分布于(001)面上,深度以0.7~1.1 nm为主;另外表面上还有诸多微型蚀坑正在形成并逐渐扩展为较大的蚀坑。结合水-矿物界面反应理论可知,弱酸环境条件下,黑云母溶解从表面的缺陷/扭折位点开始,以单层(TOT)溶解为主,沿着[hk0]方向发展并伴随着层间K和晶格中Si、Al、Mg和Fe的释放。本研究结果表明原位直接成像技术能够弥补常温常压条件下宏观研究技术的不足、通过可视化来实时表征层状硅酸盐矿物-水溶液的界面反应过程。另外,原子力显微镜技术对其他领域的界面研究同样具有较高的借鉴意义。     

基于 AFM 的人参水提物对 VERO 细胞氧化损伤作用研究

[目的]研究人参水提物对VERO细胞在体外培养中的氧化损伤。[方法]采用细胞体外培养技术、MTF比色法、SOD和MDA试剂盒法、原子显微镜（AFM）观察法,研究人参水提物对VERO细胞氧化损伤的机制。[结果]人参水提物对VERO细胞能够起到明显的增殖抑制作用。人参水提物对VERO细胞具有一定的的氧化损伤作用且有一定的剂量及时间依赖性。原子力显微扫描成像结果表明正常生长的VERO细胞表面光滑、细胞体积饱满,而人参水提物处理组细胞膜损坏现象明显,细胞表面的粗糙度较大。[结论]人参水提物对VERO细胞具有一定的氧化损伤作用,其作用机制可能与细胞膜的损伤有关。     

转铁蛋白原子力显微镜图像的多重维数分析

采用简单分形和多重分形维数对与受体作用前后转铁蛋白分子原子力显微镜图像进行分析比较。探讨了转铁蛋白与受体结合的程度。结果表明：多重维数分形谱能更好地反映与受体作用前后转铁蛋白分子的表面形态特征和分布的均匀程度；转铁蛋白与受体作用后表面形貌变平滑。中间部位转铁蛋白与受体的结合程度较高。     

基于AFM的木质材料的纳米压痕技术

基于AFM的纳米压痕技术是微纳米尺度下研究木材及木质材料硬度和弹性模量的重要方法,介绍了AFM工作原理,以及纳米压痕技术测试木质材料硬度、弹性模量等力学性能的原理,总结了木材科研领域中原子力显微技术的应用现状,并对今后的研究方向提出了展望.     

Adhesion properties of wheat-based particles

Specific AFM analytical methods were tested to the surface evaluation of wheat powders at micrometric scale in dry conditions. The objective was to evaluate the adhesion properties of particles based on the main wheat endosperm components (starch, protein, and arabinoxylan) that are characterized by large diversity in terms of chemical composition and particle characteristics. Experiments were conducted by using the force spectroscopy mode to determine interactions generated by the surfaces of particles that were glued on AFM tips, and two reference flat and smooth surfaces, a glass and a polysine slide. Particular care has been devoted to characterize the surfaces in contact since local contact radius is a key parameter in the interpretation of the interactions. The statistical analysis of the normalized adhesion forces have shown the sensitivity of the AFM technique for hydrophobic wheat components and their correlation with the surface tension of the particles.