Seed-specific overexpression of cotton GhDGAT1 gene leads to increased oil accumulation in cottonseed

As the main byproduct of cotton fiber,the cotton seed yields about 1.6 times that of fiber,with its oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids,mainly linoleic acid.It is desirable for breeders to increase the oil content of cottonseed without affecting the yield and quality of cotton fiber.In this study,a seed-specific promoter-(alpha-globulin gene promoter-)driven GhDGAT1 overexpression vector(P_aGlob-GhDGAT1)was constructed and used to transform an upland cotton line YZ1(Gossypium hirsutum).Overexpression of the cotton gene GhDGAT1 in cotton seeds increased its total oil content from 4.7%to 13.9%in different transgenic lines and different generations.With the increase of oil content,the composition and contents of the main fatty acids in cotton seed also changed,as reflected by the contents of the main saturated fatty acids and unsaturated oleic acid.GhDGAT1 could be used to increase oil content and improve oil composition in cottonseed.     

Advances in Research of Cichorium intybus L.in Preventing and Treating Hyperuricemia

With the rapid social development,people s living habits have undergone great changes.Fast-paced lifestyles have led to an increase in people s unhealthy living habits,especially in diet,such as unreasonable dietary structure and irregular diet.In this situation,the number of patients with hyperuricemia has also been increasing,and the hyperuricemia trend is becoming younger.Clinically,western medicines for lowering uric acid are commonly used,which are not safe and have the risk of injuring the liver and kidney functions.Cichorium intybus L.as a medicinal and edible material,plays an important role in treating the hyperuricemia.Recent studies have shown that C.intybus has significant effect of lowering the uric acid.This paper reviewed the experimental studies of C.intybus inhibiting uric acid production and promoting uric acid excretion,discussed its therapeutic effects and action mechanism,to provide a reference for the development of C.intybus drugs for lowering the uric acid.     

植物脱落酸受体PYR/PYL/RCAR的研究进展

脱落酸(Abscisic acid,ABA)是一种重要的植物抗胁迫激素,其受体的筛选和鉴定为植物中ABA信号转导通路的阐明奠定了重要基础。目前发现了几种ABA受体,大多数都受到质疑,但PYR/PYL/RCAR被普遍认为是真正的ABA受体蛋白。简略介绍了发现PYR/PYL/RCAR之前ABA受体的研究概况,重点介绍了目前国内外对于PYR/PYL/RCAR蛋白的研究进展。     

食用花生油中16种邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂的GPC-GC-MS检测方法研究

[目的]建立一种适用于花生油中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的测定方法,为塑化剂的安全评估提供依据。[方法]利用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对花生油样品进行净化,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术结合选择离子扫描模式(SIM)对样品中16种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物进行定性和定量分析。[结果]邻苯二甲酸酯标准溶液在0.5~8.0 mg/L质量浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数(r)不低于0.999,检出限(S=3N)为0.02~0.05 mg/kg。添加水平为0.5、1.0、2.0 mg/kg时,平均回收率为78.3%~97.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=3)为2.4%~7.2%。[结论]该方法操作简单、灵敏、准确,可用于食用花生油中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的检测。     

Regulatory effect of salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate supplementation on ergosterol production in Hericium erinaceus mycelia

We evaluated the biomass and ergosterol content of Hericium erinaceus mycelium, and extracellular enzyme activities in H. erinaceus liquid culture following salicylic acid(SA) and methyl jasmonic acid(Me JA)supplementation. The optimal SA concentration was100 lmoláL-1, where the highest ergosterol content of 2.33 mgág-1was obtained following 6-day cultivation with100 lmoláL-1SA supplementation, and which was significantly higher than the unsupplemented control(p \ 0.01). Following 4-day supplementation with50 lmoláL-1Me JA, the highest ergosterol content obtained was 1.988 mgág-1, which was 25.8 % higher than the unsupplemented control. Our data indicate that SA and Me JA supplementation improves ergosterol content in H.erinaceus mycelium.     

Effect of Application of a Bacteria Inoculant and Wheat Bran on Fermentation Quality of Peanut Vine Ensiled Alone or with Corn Stover

To find an effective method for ensiling peanut vine (PV), fermentation characteristics and nutritional values of PV silage and the mixture of PV with corn stover (CS) silage in a ratio of 1:1 fresh weight, prepared by adding lactic acid bacteria (LAB), 10% wheat bran (WB) and LAB+WB at ensiling were evaluated in 2009 and 2010. The fermentation qualities of PV silage ensiled with the LAB and WB additives were improved compared with those of the control (PV ensiled alone). However, the pH did not decline to the critical level of 4.2, and the nutritional values of the silage were not protected against losses in the LAB and WB addition silages. Ensiling PV in mixture with CS generated optimal moisture content and buffering capacity (BC) of ensiled materials. After adding the LAB and WB additives to mixture silage, especially adding LAB+WB, the fermentation qualities and nutritional values of the mixture silage were improved significantly (P<0.05), and the Flieg’s score reached to 99. The result suggested that it is a feasible method to ensile the mixed materials of PV with CS by adding LAB and high concentration of water soluble-carbohydrate materials for providing a good fermentation quality of PV silage.     

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Gene Involved in Fatty Acid Synthesis in Brassica napus L.

Based on the sequence of a novel expressed sequence tag (EST), the full-length cDNA of 1 017 nucleotides was cloned from Brassica napus cv. Xiangyou 15 through rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The gene was designated as Bnhol34 (HQ585980), encoding a protein of 338 amino acids. BLAST analysis showed no high degree of sequence identity to any known gene. The calculated molecular weight of the Bnhol34 protein was 36.23 kDa, and the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.74. The Bnhol34 was also cloned from a high oleic acid mutant 854-1 through homologous cloning. There was no difference between the two Bnhol34 genes. Bnhol34 was localized in a tissue-specific manner in B. napus, and its expression level was about eight-fold greater in Xiangyou 15 seeds than in 854-1. The promoter region sequences of Bnhol34 were then isolated from Xiangyou 15 and 854-1, and a 93-bp deletion was found to occur in the Bnhol34 promoter region of 854-1. Three abscisic acid-responsive cis-elements (ABRE) were identified in the promoter region of Xiangyou 15. Real-time PCR analyses revealed that exogenous abscisic acid increased Bnhol34 expression by about four-fold in Xiangyou 15 seeds, yet did not change Bnhol34 expression in 854-1. It appeared that Bnhol34 might be abscisic acid insensitive in 854-1.     

Research on Arachidonic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Anabolic Metabolism in Diasporangium sp.

The fatty acids of a strain of Diasporangium sp.had been analyzed by using GC-MS.The fatty acids of twenty mutants were determined.Based on these results,the producing of eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA）supposed via 18∶2,18∶3,20∶3,20∶4 which all belong to ω-6 fatty acids.The ω-3 desaturation was undertaken at arachidonic acid（AA）.In addition,mutant strains resulted in enhanced content of AA which could get two times more than initial strain,but no compact on EPA.     

浮筏养殖与底栖野生岩扇贝营养成分的分析与比较

为研究浮筏养殖与底栖野生两种生长环境对岩扇贝Crassadoma gigantea或贝营养成分的影响,采用常规营养成分分析方法,对在两种不同条件下生长的岩扇贝筏养(壳长为11.89 cm±0.50 cm)、野生岩扇贝(壳长为15.24 cm±1.36 cm)闭壳肌及非闭壳肌软体部的一般营养成分、脂肪酸、氨基酸和矿物元素含量进行了测定和比较。结果表明:筏养岩扇贝个体的软体部比例(26.07%)显著高于野生个体(17.69%)(P0.05),但两者闭壳肌比例差异不大;筏养岩扇贝个体的闭壳肌和非闭壳肌软体部的粗脂肪含量(0.37%、3.70%)显著高于野生个体(0.20%、3.51%)(P0.05),在两种生长条件下,岩扇贝的水分、灰分、粗蛋白质含量间均无显著性差异(P0.05);筏养岩扇贝个体闭壳肌和非闭壳肌软体部脂肪酸中的二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量(26.68%、17.01%)显著高于野生个体(18.09%、7.83%)(P0.05),而二十碳五烯酸(EPA)含量(18.52%、17.11%)显著低于野生个体(23.75%、23.93%)(P0.05),但筏养与野生岩扇贝的饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)和EPA+DHA含量在相同组织间均无显著性差异(P0.05);野生岩扇贝的必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)平均值(80.13)明显高于筏养岩扇贝(63.70),且野生个体非闭壳肌软体部的氨基酸总量(TAA)、必需氨基酸含量(EAA)、呈味氨基酸含量(DAA)均高于筏养个体,但野生与筏养个体闭壳肌中的TAA、EAA、DAA含量相差不大,筏养与野生岩扇贝的呈味氨基酸占总氨基酸比例(DAA/TAA)、必需氨基酸占总氨基酸比例(EAA/TAA)也非常接近;筏养个体闭壳肌中Se和K的含量分别为野生个体的3倍和2倍,而Fe含量仅为野生个体的三分之一。研究表明,浮筏养殖与底栖野生岩扇贝除了少量指标外,营养成分基本一致。     

Effect of Fabrication Technology on the Performance and Structure of Stearic Acid/Attapulgite Composite Phase Change Materials

Two kinds of stearic acid (SA)/ attapulgite (ATTP) composite phase change materials (PCMs) were prepared for the latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) in buildings or other area by the methods of fusion and immersion, using SA as PCMs and ATTP supplied by Linze of Gansu province as supporting material. The structure, thermal properties, thermal reliability and heat storage or release performance of the composite PCMs were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transformation infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal cycling test analysis technique. The results indicate that the preparation method has no effect on the structure and morphologies of the composites. Two kinds of composites have same structure due to the SA adsorbed in the surface of ATTP by physical reaction. The results also show that two form-stable composites PCMs have the optimal effect for preventing SA leak from the composite emerges when the maximum load proportion of SA in the composites were 38.64wt% and 29.13wt%. The latent heats and phase change temperature were measured as 68.71 J/g and 57.3℃ for the composite which was prepared by fusion method and 51.79 J/g and 55.2℃ for the composite fabricated by immersion method, respectively. The results of DSC, FTIR and thermal cycling test are all showing that two kinds of composites have good heat storage property but the composite prepared by fusion method has a better thermal and chemical stability.