不同施肥方式对农业径流中污染物的影响

本研究选取一杨梅种植基地进行不同施肥方式对农业径流中污染物影响的研究,通过对径流小区的径流进行监测,分析优化施肥模式和常规施肥模式下,径流水中氮、磷的变化趋势,结果显示,优化施肥通过使用控释肥,有效控制氮素释放速率,优化施肥模式下径流中氨氮和硝态氮浓度远低于原有施肥模式,径流中氨氮浓度降低17.4%-90.2%,硝态氮浓度可以降低17.8%-47.8%。改变施肥模式可以有效控制径流中总氮浓度。优化施肥模式对减少总磷径流流失具有积极的作用,但效果不明显,降雨强度、降雨时间是决定总磷流失的关键因素。     

油茶林不同水保措施径流及产沙特征研究

通过5年的径流小区的野外定位观测,研究了油茶林不同水保措施的产流产沙特征。研究表明:产流降雨峰值和谷值出现的时间与自然降雨出现的时间基本一致,表明降雨的季节动态是产流降雨动态变化的主要驱动力;前埂后沟模式有最小的产流产少量和径流系数,其次为内斜式模式,正常小平台则最大;不同水保措施采用梯壁植草措施均能有效减少产流产沙量。前埂后沟和梯壁植草的水保措施适宜在红壤侵蚀区油植种植过程中推广。     

实用专利技术精选

K1045玉米芯机制成型炭制造方法及玉米芯机制成型炭 玉米芯机制成型炭制造方法及玉米芯机制成型炭涉及一种用农作物废弃物制造燃料的方法及产品，可将玉米芯经粉碎、筛选、烘干、成型、炭化、冷却、出炉、检验、包装、入库程序加工成玉米芯机制成型炭，     

旱平地新建梨园微型集水保水系统试验研究报告

通过在旱平地新建梨地间修筑屋脊式双面产流坡，并用专用地膜覆盖坡面，使天然降水通过膜面径流至植树带，产流率由１９９５年５９．６％提高到１９９６年的７７．４％。１９９５年５月－２６日－８月３１日共发生有效降水３０２．８ｍｍ，集水区实得总水量８４４．２ｍｍ，比对照区自然降水增加５４１．４ｍｍ，计纯增１．７９倍；１９９６年５月２３日－１０月２３日共发生有效降水５４９．６ｍｍ，集水区实得水量１８２５．１ｍｍ     

5TF-50脱粒机的安装使用

在分段收获稻麦作物时，脱粒是最后的作业环节。选好和用好脱粒机，不仅能提高效益，降低劳动强度，而且对减少损失，提高入库质量起着十分关键的作用。5TF-50型脱粒机是一种结构简单，性能可靠，适合农户家用的小型脱粒机。下面介绍它的安装使用。     

Sediment Load in Runoff Under Laboratory and Field Simulated Rainfall

Soil erosion is one of the most important problems in the Loess Plateau of China affecting sustainable agriculture. Near Luoyang (Henan Province, China), field plots were constructed to measure soil erosion rates under conventional tillage practices using field-simulated rainfall.Field rainfall experiments were carried out to compare previous results from laboratory rainfall simulations on the same soil for interrill conditions. Although in the laboratory experiments, a strong correlation was found betweenthe stream power of the runoff water and the unit sediment load, this sediment transport equation overestimated the field rainfall simulation results. Another sediment transport equation derived by Nearing et al. for rill erosion was in better agreement with the results of the field experiments, although it also overestimated these values. The measured sediment load values during the field rainfall simulations were also lower than those found during field experiments on the same soil but with a loosened surface layer. This difference indicates the importance of soil physical condition of surfce like soil structure and aggregate size, which may contribute to the discrepancy between the field and laboratory experiment results.     

加强玉米种子入库质量管理的探讨

种子质量主要由纯度、净度、发芽率、水分4项必检指标决定。玉米种子生产是多环节且技术性很强的工作,其中种子入库是十分重要的环节。加强玉米种子入库质量管理应注意以下几方面。1提高质量意识,严防不合格种子产生a.提高质量意识。种子质量主要决定于生产过程,生产者必须树立