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1.
基于积温的文冠果开花物候期预测模型的构建   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的建立不同地区及不同类型的文冠果物候模型,为文冠果的经营活动和旅游管理提供理论依据。方法以北京市大东流苗圃文冠果3个遗传类型:白花类型及“金冠霞帔”“匀冠锦霞”两个文冠果新品种为研究对象,于2017年进行了花期表型调查与物候的观测,结合全国文冠果主要分布区的8个省份15个地点白花文冠果初花期、盛花期、末花期的观测数据,应用中国气象数据网上共享气象数据,对花性状与3个开花物候期进行了时间和空间尺度上的分析。结果(1)3个不同花色遗传类型开花先后顺序为白花类型、“金冠霞帔”“匀冠锦霞”,物候期差异显著或极显著,花序生长随0、3、5、7、10 ℃积温的变化与Logistic生长模型拟合结果较好;花朵数随时间和积温的变化与二次多项式模型拟合较好;(2)各个地区之间同一积温指数各物候期所需积温相差不大,不同积温指数所需积温有显著性差异;不同积温指数和不同物候时期都对物候所需积温影响差异极显著,两个因素交互作用影响差异极显著;(3)5 ℃积温指数(即温暖指数)与物候期日序具有高度相关性,可用于花期预测;(4)白花类型文冠果3个物候期5 ℃积温的日序与经纬度、海拔呈极显著的多元线性回归关系,各观测地点日序的回归模拟值与观测值单因素方差分析证实该回归模型可用于花期预测;(5)用克里金插值法,采用上述预测模型,绘制白花文冠果3个开花物候期的时空分布图。结论基于5 ℃积温指数(即温暖指数)建立的积温模型可用于文冠果花期预测。   相似文献   
2.
高昆  王佳琪 《北方园艺》2020,(7):132-137
以锦灯笼种子为试材,用3%、5%、8%和10%4个浓度的PEG-6000溶液模拟不同的干旱胁迫条件,研究锦灯笼种子萌发情况和幼苗生理特性,以期了解其抗旱性。结果表明:1)随着PEG-6000浓度的加大,锦灯笼种子的发芽率和发芽势先增加后减少,浓度为5%时最大,株高也是在胁迫浓度为5%时达到最高,这说明一定程度的干旱胁迫可以促进种子萌发及幼苗生长。2)丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量和电导率随着PEG-6000浓度的增加表现为持续上升的趋势,过氧化物酶(POD)活性则呈现先上升后降低的趋势。  相似文献   
3.
在生态公共服务视野下,尽管当前我国的城市森林发展较为迅速,但对其森林生态经济系统的协同机理研究仍然还是一个新课题。本文结合海南国际旅游岛建设的相关实践,从治理机制、市场机制、利益分配机制、合作机制、扶持机制5个方面,对海南城市森林进行研究,以促进海南城市森林资源的优化利用和社会经济的可持续发展。  相似文献   
4.
AIM: To explore the neuroprotective effect of novel Rho kinase inhibitor FSD-C10 on Alzheimer disease (AD) model of APP/PS1 double transgenic (Tg) mice. METHODS: Male APP/PS1 Tg mice (n=20) at 8 months of age were randomly divided into 2 groups:model group and FSD-C10 treatment group. The mice were treated with normal saline or FSD-C10 (25 mg·kg-1·d-1) by intraperitoneal injection, once daily for 2 months. Age-and sex-matched wild-type (WT) mice without treatment were used as the control. The Morris water maze (MWM) test and SMART 3.0 behavioral record system were applied to examine and analyze the spatial cognitive function of the mice. The protein levels and distribution of Aβ, p-tau and synapse-associated proteins such as synaptophysin, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) were determined by immunofluorescence staining. The protein levels of phosphorylated amyloid precursor protein at Thr668[p-APP(Thr668)], beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and synapse-associated proteins in the brain were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with model group, FSD-C10 treatment significantly improved the cognitive function of the APP/PS1 Tg mice, accompanied by reduced Aβ deposition and p-tau level, increased protein level of p-APP (Thr668) in the central nervous system, decreased expression of BACE1, and increased expression of synapse-associated proteins in the brain of the mice (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FSD-C10 has neuroprotective potential in the APP/PS1 Tg mice. The mechanism may be related to enhancing the non-amyloidogenic APP cleavage pathway, reducing the production of Aβ oligomers, the deposition of senile plaques and the amount of tau protein, up-regulating synapse-associated proteins, and increasing synaptic plasticity.  相似文献   
5.
为研究不同干旱程度对不同藜麦种子萌发及幼苗生长期耐旱性的影响,以忻藜1号(黑藜)、忻藜2号(白藜)和忻藜3号(红藜)为材料,采用培养皿萌发、土培育苗的方法,设置6个PEG 6000浓度梯度(0、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%),对3种藜麦的种子和幼苗进行处理,测定其种子发芽率、发芽势、下胚轴长、根长等指标和幼苗脯氨酸含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和过氧化物酶(POD)活性等生理指标。结果表明:(1)随着PEG 6000浓度的升高,藜麦种子的发芽势、发芽率、下胚轴长和根长都呈现逐渐降低的趋势,用回归分析求得白藜半致死PEG 6000干旱胁迫浓度为20.02%,黑藜为20.25%,红藜为24.70%;(2)随着PEG 6000浓度的升高,3种藜麦幼苗SOD和POD活性都呈先升后降的趋势;MDA和脯氨酸含量与干旱胁迫程度呈显著正相关关系。由此可得,红藜耐旱性最强,黑藜次之,白藜最差。  相似文献   
6.
In order to screen the aroma characteristics of soybean,a new method was established which can quickly quantify the content of 2-acetyl-1pyrroline (2-AP),an important compound related to soybean aroma,using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Based on peak profile,total peak area and retention time as test indexes,an accurate identification method for fragrant soybeans was established.The optimum parameters of the protocol consisted of column temperature70°C,sample injector temperature 180°C,optimum extraction alcohol content 1 m L,Na Cl content 0.1 g,ultrasonication time10 min,and extraction time 1 h,which were established by using the orthogonal test of single factors and three factors with four levels (L_9(3)~4).2-AP content of leaves had significant correlations with seeds,which were easier to measure.The protocol was simple and easy to carry out,consumed only small amounts of reagents,and provided accurate and reliable results with good reproducibility.A total of 101 soybean genotypes from different geographical sources were analyzed using this protocol.The results showed that the average content of 2-AP was 0.29 mg L~(–1),ranging from 0.094 to 1.816 mg L~(–1),and the genetic diversity index was 0.54.Among all genotypes-tested,they were classified into three grades,including seven elite genotypes identified as"grade one fragrant soybeans",which were Zhonglong 608,Heinong 88,Ha13-2958,Hongmiandou,Heinong 82,Huangmaodou,and Jiyu 21.These results provide both an identification technique and several elite aroma genotypes for gene discovery and good quality breeding in soybean.  相似文献   
7.
为探讨不同丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)生长特性与功能(植物生长和养分吸收)的相关性。采用分室根箱装置,以玉米(Zea mays L.)和紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)为宿主植物,选取7种AMF:摩西斗管囊霉Funneliformis mosseae、变形球囊霉Glomus versiforme、根内根孢囊霉Rhizophagus intraradices、幼套近明球囊霉Claroideoglomus etunicatum、近明球囊霉C.claroideum、细凹无梗囊霉Acaulospora scrobiculata、黏屑多样孢囊霉Diversispora spurca,以不接种为对照进行温室盆栽试验,测定菌根侵染率、根外菌丝密度、植物地上部生物量、磷/锌吸收量、植物根系AMF gDNA丰度以及玉米根系ZmPht1;6的相对表达量。结果表明:接种F.mosseae、R.intraradices、G.versiforme、C.etunicatum的玉米和紫花苜蓿根系侵染率及根外菌丝密度较高,对植株生长和磷、锌吸收均表现为正效应;C.claroideum、A.scrobiculata、D.spurca根系侵染率和根外菌丝密度较低,C.claroideum对紫花苜蓿生长和磷吸收表现为促进效应,而对玉米表现出抑制效应,后两者对植株生长和磷、锌吸收无显著效应或抑制作用;AMF的生长指标(菌根侵染率和根外菌丝密度)与菌根生长效应以及磷、锌吸收效应之间均具有较高的正相关性,根系AMF总侵染率对玉米菌根生长效应、磷/锌吸收效应变异的解释量分别为79.0%,77.6%和74.1%;菌丝侵染率对紫花苜蓿菌根生长效应、磷/锌吸收效应变异的解释量分别为76.5%,72.6%和74.0%;此外,仅紫花苜蓿根系AMF gDNA丰度与根系总侵染率显著正相关,玉米根系ZmPht1;6基因的相对表达量与菌根磷吸收效应显著正相关。综上,AMF的侵染指标显著影响植物生长和养分吸收效应,AMF gDNA丰度可作为表示AMF生长的指标,但因植物而异,玉米根系ZmPht1;6的相对表达量在一定程度上可反映AMF吸磷能力。  相似文献   
8.
AIM: To explore the neuroprotective effect of fasudil combined with bone marrow-derived neural stem cells (BM-NSCs) on the mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS: Female C57BL/6 mice (8~10 weeks old, n=32) were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG35-55) to establish chronic EAE model. The mice were randomly divided into control (ddH2O) group, fasudil group, BM-NSCs group, and fasudil+BM-NSCs group. The clinical score and body weight were recorded every other day. The expression of neurotrophic factors was determined by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: In comparison with ddH2O group, fasudil combined with BM-NSCs delayed onset and ameliorated severity of EAE. The numbers of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3 and ciliary neurotrophic factor positive cells in fasudil group, BM-NSCs group and fasudil+BM-NSCs group were all increased in various extents. In particularly, the expression of these neurotrophic factors in fasudil+BM-NSCs group was significantly higher than that in the mice treated with fasudil or BM-NSCs alone (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Fasudil combined with BM-NSCs promotes the expression of neurotrophic factors and improves microenvironment of central nervous system, thus playing a positive role in neural restoration and regeneration through a synergistic and superimposed effect.  相似文献   
9.
干旱对玉米穗发育及产量的影响   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
干旱作为影响玉米产量的环境因素之首,对玉米植株形态、物质积累、生理作用、性器官发育等方面产生影响,最终降低穗粒数、粒重,导致产量降低。以雌雄穗发育为研究重点,本文综述了不同时期干旱对雌雄穗性状及开花吐丝间隔期的影响。玉米开花前遭遇干旱,延缓雌雄穗发育进程,减少分化小花数,增加籽粒败育,导致穗粒数降低;抽雄吐丝期间遭遇干旱,导致雄穗抽出困难、吐丝延迟,使开花吐丝间隔期拉长,严重时导致花粉、花丝超微结构发生改变,影响玉米授粉、受精过程,最终导致秃尖形成,穗粒数降低;灌浆期遭遇干旱导致叶片早衰,光合产物积累不足,籽粒灌浆受阻,粒重降低,最终均会导致产量下降。从源库关系角度分析,玉米灌浆期前干旱导致玉米产量降低的主要原因是穗粒数降低导致的库强不足;而灌浆期干旱主要是叶片早衰等营养器官发育受阻,限制同化物的积累及转运,此时源不足限制了产量的增加。  相似文献   
10.
干旱胁迫是影响我国大豆生长发育的重要非生物胁迫之一,造成大豆严重减产,尤其是在干旱、半干旱地区。为促进大豆耐旱性研究,发展旱地大豆生产,从大豆耐旱性形态、生态特征、生理生化基础及鉴定等方面总结近年来我国大豆耐旱性研究进展,并提出展望。  相似文献   
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