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为明确球孢白僵菌-玉米共生体对亚洲玉米螟幼虫取食行为及取食选择性的影响,本文通过室内控制试验,采用培养皿叶盘法,研究了共生体对亚洲玉米螟初孵幼虫和3龄幼虫的选择、非选择性取食的影响。结果表明,在48 h非选择性试验中,亚洲玉米螟初孵幼虫在球孢白僵菌-玉米共生体叶片组织(处理组)上的取食率显著低于未接种球孢白僵菌玉米叶片(对照组),第48 h时在共生体和对照玉米上的幼虫取食率分别为35.7%和62.5%,差异极显著;3龄幼虫在共生体茎秆组织上的取食率与对照组玉米差异不显著。在48 h选择性试验中,初孵幼虫在共生体玉米叶片组织上的取食率显著低于对照组,共生体玉米叶片组织上的幼虫取食率随时间的增加呈下降趋势,第48 h时在共生体和对照玉米上的幼虫取食率分别为6.3%和20.6%,差异极显著;3龄幼虫在共生体和对照组玉米茎秆组织上的幼虫取食率随时间的增加呈上升趋势,其中对照组幼虫取食率显著高于处理组,第48 h时在处理组和对照组玉米上的幼虫取食率分别为33.1%和45.6%,差异极显著。本研究初步表明,球孢白僵菌-玉米共生体对亚洲玉米螟幼虫的取食行为有显著的抑制和忌避作用。 相似文献
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Zhiyong Li 《Marine drugs》2009,7(2):113-129
Marine animals and plants such as sponges, sea squirts, corals, worms and algae host diverse and abundant symbiotic microorganisms. Marine microbial symbionts are possible the true producers or take part in the biosynthesis of some bioactive marine natural products isolated from the marine organism hosts. Investigation of the pharmaceutical metabolites may reveal the biosynthesis mechanisms of related natural products and solve the current problem of supply limitation in marine drug development. This paper reviews the advances in diversity revelation, biological activity and related pharmaceutical metabolites, and functional genes of marine microbial symbionts from the China Sea. 相似文献
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After about 25 years of intensive research a substantial moment of information has accumulated on the basic biology of Prostephanus truncatus in stored products. This article reviews the literature on the geographical distribution, biotypes, symbiotic associations, mating and flight behaviour, oviposition, and development on both agricultural and non-agricultural hosts. The current knowledge about the nutritional biology (including the role of symbionts) and host finding behaviour (including the inter-linked roles of plant chemicals and the insect's own pheronones) are highlighted as research areas which deserve future attention. In addition, few studies have been conducted to determine the extent to which the biology of P. truncatus permits it to survive and reproduce in non-agricultural environments. These areas of study should be pursued as possible routes to providing more effective integrated pest managements strategies for the larger grain borer. 相似文献
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Disha Varijakzhan Jiun-Yan Loh Wai-Sum Yap Khatijah Yusoff Rabiha Seboussi Swee-Hua Erin Lim Kok-Song Lai Chou-Min Chong 《Marine drugs》2021,19(5)
Marine sponges are sessile invertebrates that can be found in temperate, polar and tropical regions. They are known to be major contributors of bioactive compounds, which are discovered in and extracted from the marine environment. The compounds extracted from these sponges are known to exhibit various bioactivities, such as antimicrobial, antitumor and general cytotoxicity. For example, various compounds isolated from Theonella swinhoei have showcased various bioactivities, such as those that are antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal. In this review, we discuss bioactive compounds that have been identified from marine sponges that showcase the ability to act as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-malarial and antifungal agents against human pathogens and fish pathogens in the aquaculture industry. Moreover, the application of such compounds as antimicrobial agents in other veterinary commodities, such as poultry, cattle farming and domesticated cats, is discussed, along with a brief discussion regarding the mode of action of these compounds on the targeted sites in various pathogens. The bioactivity of the compounds discussed in this review is focused mainly on compounds that have been identified between 2000 and 2020 and includes the novel compounds discovered from 2018 to 2021. 相似文献
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为了解草间钻头蛛Hylyphantes graminicola体内共生菌的组成及共生菌对宿主的影响,通过高通量测序技术确定其体内的优势共生菌,采用常规PCR法对草间钻头蛛进行优势共生菌的感染检测,并研究了优势共生菌感染对草间钻头蛛子代的发育历期和性比的影响。结果表明:经高通量测序细菌16S r DNA的V3、V4区,确定草间钻头蛛的优势共生菌为沃尔巴克氏体Wolbachia和Cardinium。167头被检测蜘蛛中,Cardinium的感染率为100.00%,沃尔巴克氏体的感染率为38.92%。感染沃尔巴克氏体的草间钻头蛛F1代雌蛛的2龄期、3龄期、4龄期和总历期均极显著低于未感染的草间钻头蛛,感染沃尔巴克氏体的草间钻头蛛F1代雌蛛1龄期显著低于未感染的F1代个体,感染和未感染沃尔巴克氏体的草间钻头蛛F1代雌蛛的卵期和5龄期均无显著差异。感染沃尔巴克氏体后,草间钻头蛛F1代雄蛛的1龄期和总历期极显著缩短,2龄期、3龄期和5龄期显著缩短,而卵期和4龄期与未感染沃尔巴克氏体的F1代雄蛛之间无显著差异。另外,沃尔巴克氏体感染极显著提高了草间钻头蛛的子代性比。 相似文献