超临界CO_2流体处理工艺对木材渗透性的影响

以苯—乙醇为夹带剂,研究超临界CO2流体不同处理压力、温度、时间对福建产杉木、马尾松、檫木木材渗透性的影响。结果表明,在35 MPa内,处理压力的增大有利于3种木材渗透性的提高;杉木在处理温度为40℃时,渗透性的变化率达到最大,为493%,马尾松和檫木在处理温度为45℃时,渗透性的变化率达到最大,分别为479%和349%;较佳的处理时间为30 min。     

火炬松短周期工业材不同高度上干缩性能的研究

对湖南同一立地指数（１８）下，５株１７．５年生的火炬松（ＰｉｎａｓｔａｅｄａＬ．）短周期工业材１．３，３．６，５．６，７．６，９．６ｍ５个高度的木材干缩系数、基本密度、生长轮宽度、晚材率和微纤丝角度，按生长轮取样，进行了测量和统计分析．结果表明，弦向、径向、体积干缩系数和干缩比，在树于５个高度之间的差异，均达到了显著水平；各高度干缩系数与生长轮的年龄（离髓心的距离）以及与上述各主要构造因子之间呈显著的线性相关，且相关度度随树干高度的增加而减弱．     

The rates of maize growth and lignin biosynthesis change after root-applied chalcone

The effects of root-applied chalcone at 0.15 mmol L⁻¹ on the growth and lignin biosynthesis in maize were investigated. The contents of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) substrates in maize shoots were increased more rapidly in the samples with chalcone application than in the control and the increase occurred at ≤ 3 h after the application (HAA). The lignin content was reduced by chalcone at ≤ 6 HAA. The shoot growth was suppressed by chalcone at ≤ 9 HAA. Consequently, the results suggest that chalcone suppressed maize growth by inhibiting monolignol biosynthesis.     

Fungi associated with esca disease in grapevine

Cross sections of woody stems of 309 diseased grapevines collected in France showed two kinds of necrosis typical of esca: a) A central light-colored necrosis of soft consistency, consisting of three zones, preceded by a centrally discolored wood, and b) a sectorial light-colored necrosis composed of two zones preceded by a sectorial brown necrosis. Isolations showed that different microflora was associated with each necrosis. Phaeoacremonium aleophilum and Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum occurred in the discolored wood and the zones bordering the central decayed wood. Eutypa lata was the main fungus isolated from sectorial brown necrosis and the zones adjoining the decay wood. Phellinus punctatus was isolated from the sectorial and central decayed wood. Stereum hirsutum was present in decayed wood of 15 grapevines with esca symptoms not inhabited by P. punctatus. Wood decay tests and pathogenicity tests showed that S. hirsutum and P. punctatus were responsible for the decayed wood. Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum and S. hirsutum produced a centrally discolored wood similar to that found in esca-affected vines. Phaeoacremonium aleophilum caused a sectorial brown necrosis of soft texture. From these studies, it was found that esca is a complex disease involving several microorganisms whose role in the process leading to wood degradation is discussed.     

漆酶处理对未漂硫酸盐浆抗张强度和纤维表面的影响

探讨了漆酶处理对未漂硫酸盐浆抗张强度的影响,研究了漆酶处理的主要工艺参数对纸页湿抗张强度的影响;并采用扫描电镜(SEM)对漆酶处理前后纤维表面微细结构的变化进行了研究。结果表明,漆酶可以改善纸浆的湿抗张强度,但对于抗张强度不起作用;提高纸浆湿强度的最佳酶促反应条件为:酶用量16U(以每克绝干浆计),温度45℃,pH值4.5,处理时间2h。扫描电镜分析表明,漆酶处理使得纤维表面变得粗糙,纤维之间产生了黏结性,湿强度得以提高。     

木材蠕变模拟研究概述

综述树种和材性变异、应力水平、温度、含水率等因素对木材蠕变的影响,介绍分析含水率稳定和变化条件下木材蠕变模拟预测等方面的研究进展情况.我国木材蠕变特别是木材的机械吸附蠕变研究尚缺乏系统性,应综合考虑不同的影响因素对木材蠕变进行充分研究,以建立不同条件下木材蠕变预测的模型,为国内木材蠕变研究及木结构建筑的安全和可靠性设计提供基础.     

四川省木材经营加工及木材流通管理的现状与对策

通过对四川省成都、雅安、绵阳、广元等市木材经营加工和木材流通管理现状的调查研究,揭示了当前存在的问题,提出了对策措施,建议从法制建设和基础工作方面推进木材经营加工及木材流通管理工作健康有序发展。     

人工林伐区木材运输作业模式选优

对南方人工林伐区的常用4种木材运输作业模式进行综合效益分析与评价.结果表明:在相同的作业条件下,不同木材运输作业模式,其经济效益、生态效益和社会效益以及综合效益均不同.建议林业生产决策部门在选择人工林伐区运材作业模式时应综合考虑其经济、生态和社会效益,在有水路运输条件的伐区,应优先选择船运木材或排运木材;在无水路运输条件的伐区,则应优先选择农用车运材.     

杉木间伐材ACQ防腐与综合强化复合改性研究

在将ACQ与UF树脂调制成相容的复合改性剂对杉木间伐材进行复合改性研究的基础上,深入探索复合改性的机理与综合效果.对浸渍材与表面密实化处理相结合的优化工艺,当弦向压缩率为20%时各项力学性能指标均比素材增加51%以上;进行浸渍处理与ACQ或UF单独处理材经煮沸和抗水、酸、碱抽提的抗流失性对比试验及防腐试验,表明前者比后者有所提高;并采用铜离子跟踪法进行X-射线荧光光谱仪定量分析,测定了浸渍材复合改性剂的含量和分布情况,确认了一次性浸渍优化工艺参数的较佳效果.     

感染松材线虫病的思茅松林择伐木外观判定初探

通过观察思茅松在12月至翌年1月感染松材线虫病的外部特征,得出思茅松感病后的主要外部特征和区别于其他松树的感病特点,并提出择伐感病思茅松时在外观特征上的判定标准和处理建议。