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基于海南省生活垃圾处理设施现状情况,综合分析了产生强度、设施规模化效应、运输距离等因素,对如何科学合理地在全省统筹规划布局生活垃圾焚烧厂进行了研究,提出了规划布局的方案和建议,为海南省今后生活垃圾焚烧厂的布局提供参考。 相似文献
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广州番禺区建垃圾焚烧厂的规划被迫暂停,反应出目前我国计划大量实施的垃圾简单收集及其焚烧法无法真正实现"资源-产品-再生资源-再生产品"这种投入少、污染小的高效循环经济模式。垃圾处理应产业化,应该和其它产业的链接中实现对同类废弃资源的循环利用。实现这种高效循环经济发展新模式,这其中关键的是生产合适的垃圾分类箱,发挥个人作为垃圾分类回收的主体作用。 相似文献
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In a rural community (Stephanskirchen, Southern Germany) situated near a waste incineration plant six A horizons were sampled to determine 14 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in bulk soil and particle size separates (clay, silt, fine and coarse sand) and to test the suitability of alkaline saponification for PCB extraction. The PCB concentrations were higher in alkaline saponification extracts than in Soxhlet extracts. However, the extraction efficiency of up to fourfold chlorinated PCBs was lower and more than sevenfold chlorinated PCBs were destroyed. Nevertheless, alkaline saponification was suitable to determine the indicator congeners 28, 52, 101, 138, 152, and 180. The sum of the PCB concentrations ranged from 8.4 to 59.5 μg kg?1 which was as high as in soils of big cities. However, the concentrations did not reach the threshold value for agricultural purposes of 200 μg kg?1 as proposed in literature for the sum of the six indicator congeners. The hexachlorinated PCBs 138 and 153 were the most abundant (together > 50% in all samples) whereas PCB 1 could not be detected in any sample. On the average, PCB concentrations increased as particle size decreased. When normalized to Corg, however, the fine sand fraction had the highest PCB concentrations. A slight decrease of lower chlorinated PCBs as particle size decreased indicated an increasing state of degradation. The PCB compositions in the emissions of a comparable waste incineration plant (Bamberg, Bavaria) and in Stephanskirchen soils differed markedly. Therefore, we did not get any indications that waste incineration was a main source of PCBs in the examined soils. Instead, higher chlorinated technical PCB mixtures such as Clophen A 60 or Aroclor 1260 may be the most important sources. 相似文献
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园林废弃物不同处理方式的环境影响及其产物还田效应 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对城市园林废弃物数量日趋增多及资源化利用程度低的问题,该研究比较了园林废弃物在直接焚烧、好氧堆肥、热解碳化3种处理方式下的养分与碳素与氮磷钾损失、温室气体排放,以及相应产物还田对土壤物理化学性质的影响。结果表明,焚烧处理的有机碳损失率高达98.62%,分别比好氧堆肥、碳化处理高39.77%和41.64%;全氮损失率高达95.51%,显著高于好氧堆肥(22.72%)及碳化(36.65%)处理;3种处理全磷及全钾损失率的差异相对较小。焚烧处理的CO2排放量高达1271.62 g/kg,远高于好氧堆肥的210.71 g/kg,但两者CH4、N2O的排放量都相对很小。园林废弃物堆肥及碳化后还田均可促进土壤中小团聚体向大团聚体转化,提高土壤中毛管孔隙度和饱和导水率,并显著提高N、P、K含量;其中生物炭还田可显著提高土壤有机碳含量,好氧堆肥还田能降低土壤pH值。焚烧后的灰分还田除提高土壤P、K养分含量及大粒径团聚体外,其他效果不明显。综上所述,好氧堆肥和碳化是适用于城市园林废弃物处理的2种技术,研究结果可为城市园林废弃物资源优化处理利用提供参考。 相似文献
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MSW incineration fly ash should be treated safely because it is one of acknowledged hazard solid wastes. Metallurgical sinter has a similar high temperature environment as melting treatment,therefore,it is proposed as hazard-free treatment for MSWI fly ash. Experiments are carried out to investigate the pelleting properties of fly ash and the seperation and solidification of heavy matals in MSWI fly ash iron-bath melting process. The results show that adding 8% cement and 1% agent for solidification,the compressive strength of fly ash pellets is 600~700 N/bellet when its curing period is about 8 ~11 d,achieving the demands for transporting and sintering. By iron-bath melting,more than 90% Mn and Fe in MSWI fly ash are removed and solidified in iron phase,and the distribution ratio of Cr and Cu in iron phase is beyond 70%. The leaching toxicity of molten slag are tested,and the leaching toxicity of all the metals can reach the standard. All the results indicate that the hazard-free treatment for MSWI fly ash by metallurgical sintering is feasible. 相似文献
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稻草不同还田方式对双季水稻产量及稻米品质的影响 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
通过2年田间定位试验,设置施肥区稻草还田(NPK+S)、 稻草烧灰还田(NPK+SI)和稻草不还田(NPK)以及相对应的不施肥区对照共6个处理,研究了不同稻草还田方式对双季水稻产量及稻米品质的影响。结果表明, 在施用等量氮、 磷、 钾养分条件下, NPK+S处理具有提高早稻分蘖数及成穗率、 中后期叶面积指数及地上部干物质量,增加叶片叶绿素含量(SPAD值), 增加水稻单位面积有效穗数的显著作用,但对晚稻的作用不明显; 早稻NPK+S处理的产量较其他两个处理两年平均增幅为3.78%~8.77%, 晚稻随着稻草还田次数的增加,NPK+S与NPK+SI处理的产量趋于接近,但较NPK处理增产5.66%~7.32%。不施肥条件下,稻草还田(CK+S)处理对早、 晚稻生长发育的影响明显大于稻草烧灰还田(CK+SI)和稻草不还田(CK), 且其早、 晚稻产量也极显著高于后两个处理。研究还发现,稻草还田能提高早、 晚稻的稻米食味品质,但降低其外观品质和营养品质以及晚稻稻米的加工品质。以上结果说明,进行稻草全量还田对持续提高双季水稻产量具有重要意义。 相似文献
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