Finsler 流形的 Cartan 型1形式的一些性质

给出了 Cartan 型1形式的外微分与 Bott 陈联络的曲率之间的关系，探讨了其与畸变、 S 曲率之间的关系，证明了 Berwald 流形的 Cartan 型1形式为恰当形式。利用 Cartan 型1形式构造了 Finsler 流形的射影球丛上的一个 Randers 度量，证明该度量为 Landsberg 度量的充要条件是底流形为 Riemann 流形。证明了 Cartan 型1形式及Cartan 1形式的对偶向量场为共型向量场的充要条件是底流形为 Riemman 流形。     

INTEROBSERVER AGREEMENT ON THE ASSESSABILITY OF STANDARD VENTRODORSAL HIP-EXTENDED RADIOGRAPHS AND ITS EFFECT ON AGREEMENT IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CANINE HIP DYSPLASIA AND ON ROUTINE FCI SCORING

Insufficient agreement on scoring hip quality might be caused by differences in the assessability of a radiograph (exposure, contrast, positioning, and diagnostic quality). We studied the agreement in assessability of standard ventrodorsal hip-extended radiographs by experienced (nine) and inexperienced (21) observers, using the standard subjective method of quality control, currently applied in screening programs. The effect of assessability on the agreement of scoring hip quality [dysplastic vs. nondysplastic and the final Federation Cinologique International (FCI) score] was also investigated. There was a significant difference ( P <0.0001) in agreement on assessability between the experienced and inexperienced observers. In 68% of evaluations, experienced observers stated that the radiograph was assessable. Inexperienced observers evaluated the radiographs as being assessable in only 46.5% of evaluations. Increased interobserver agreement on assessability of a radiograph did not increase the overall interobserver agreement in the diagnosis of hip dysplasia, nor did it result in consistent scoring of the hip status from that radiograph, despite a significant ( P <0.05) increase in agreement of FCI scoring with an increasing agreement on assessability at a one to five ratio in the experienced group. The inconsistent evaluation of radiographic quality, as well as the inconsistent evaluation of the hip quality, caused differences in diagnosing hip dysplasia and FCI scoring in the same dog ranging from excellent hips to moderate hip dysplasia. Therefore, the credibility of the FCI screening method for canine hip dysplasia, using the standard hip-extended radiographic view, as currently applied in most European countries, is questionable.     

秸秆添加与土壤基质势对棕壤压缩回弹特性的影响

土壤板结是农田土壤退化问题之一,秸秆还田是提高土壤有机质含量、改良土壤的重要措施。但秸秆还田和土壤基质势对土壤板结的影响尚不明确。试验设0,3,5 g/kg 3个秸秆添加量处理,以及高(1 000 kPa)、中(100 kPa)、和低(10 kPa)3个土壤基质势处理。通过固结试验,测定不同处理的压缩曲线并计算压缩回弹特性指标。结果表明:秸秆添加量、土壤基质势及其二者间的交互作用对压缩曲线最大曲率、预固结压力值、压缩指数和回弹指数的影响都达到显著性水平。预固结压力值、压缩指数和回弹指数均随着秸秆添加量的增加而增大,而最大曲率则随着秸秆增加量的提高而降低。土壤基质势与压缩曲线最大曲率、预固结压力值和压缩指数均呈正相关关系。回弹指数随着土壤基质势的增加呈现先降低后增加的趋势。秸秆添加有助于提高土壤回弹和抗压缩特性。     

计算机辅助流体曲面优化设计的探讨

从流体曲面设计的优化目标出发，导出了应用于流体曲面设计的一般流体光顺性条件一，同时对理论流场进行了射影综合分析，为选择现有数学样条函数或曲面进行流体曲面设计了提供了依据。     

AN INFECTED HIP PROSTHESIS IN A DOG DIAGNOSED WITH A 99mTC-CIPROFLOXACIN (INFECTON) SCAN

This case report describes the use of the 99mTc-labeled radiopharmaceutical ciprofloxacin (Infecton) in a case of hip prosthesis loosening in a dog. Serial planar radiographs were not conclusive, and culture of the synovial fluid was negative. Antibiotic treatment did not result in improvement of the lameness. Scintigraphy was performed with 99-Tc-Infecton, a tracer claimed to be specific for infection. Antibiotic treatment was interrupted 6 weeks prior to the examination. Planar and tomographic images at 3 h and at 24 h postinjection showed increased activity along the acetabulum and the proximal femoral bone surrounding the femoral prosthesis, indicating focal infection. Bacteriology performed after removal of the implant revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa.     

全基因组关联分析在德国牧羊犬髋关节发育不良研究中的应用现状

犬髋关节发育不良(canine hip dysplasia,CHD)是犬常见的骨科疾病,传统放射学诊断对降低CHD发病率的作用有限,而基因诊断技术则可以有效促进CHD的育种改良。全基因组关联分析(genome wide association study,GWAS)是一种全基因组范围内的遗传标记的检测技术,对复杂性状功能基因的鉴定十分有效,已成为挖掘畜禽复杂疾病和性状遗传的重要方法。随着犬全基因组测序的完成以及犬不同密度SNP芯片的商业化,GWAS已经成为CHD致病基因筛选的一个重要手段。本文综述了GWAS的定义与影响因素,CHD在国外的育种现状及GWAS在德国牧羊犬中的研究进展。     

大口径长输管道用弯管的设计制造

在国内外缺少适用于大口径长输管道用的大曲率半径的弯管设计、制造规范的情况下，建议在符合现有规范的条件下设计时，应考虑曲率半径的选取尽可能小，以减小所需变制设备、芯模的规格尺寸和空间场地；当弯管和与之相连的直管材质不同时，应在壁厚计算公式中乘以两种不同材质的屈服强度比值；为节省投资和合理利用钢材，应慎重确定弯管制造的壁厚减薄量；为保证弯头质量，在选材上不宜选用螺旋焊缝钢管，而应选用高强度低合金钢管或     

CANINE HIP DYSPLASIA

It is the purpose of this study to call attention to new bone production that often occurs early in the sequence of pathological changes associated with canine hip dysplasia. New bone production extending to bony remodeling, as well as femoral head subluxation, both occur in the sequence of pathologic changes associated with canine hip dysplasia. Subluxation is considered primary, while osteoarthrosis is a secondary feature, and both are used in the diagnosis of canine hip dysplasia. This report concerns the significance of the presence of a solitary bony osteophyte, or spur, that is frequently evident on the caudal aspect of the femoral neck as viewed on the conventional ventrodorsal projection. This report utilizes findings from pelvic radiographs of 605 dogs (five breeds). There was a greater frequency (54%)of this bony change in cases diagnosed radiographically as dysplastic than in cases diagnosed as normal(15%).Thus, it is suggested that this minimal radiographic change can be used as an indicator of early canine hip dysplasia, especially in the absence of subluxation of the femoral head.