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1.
喷雾降温风机风筒优化设计与试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为缓解高温热害对茶果树的影响,基于圆弧板型叶片模型设计了一种喷雾降温风机,并对风筒结构进行建模和动力学仿真。以出风口直径、进风段长度和出风段长度为试验因素,以风机出口总压和风速为试验指标,采用Design-Expert 8.0.6软件优化风筒结构参数。优化结果表明,各因素对出口总压和风速的影响由大到小依次为出风口直径、出风段长度、进风段长度。最优参数组合为出风口直径1 070 mm、进风段长度350 mm和出风段长度270 mm。选取WJ-7010、WJ-8010型喷嘴,利用优化后的风筒结构进行了风速试验和喷雾降温性能试验。风速试验表明,当风筒出风口直径和总长度分别为1 070、840 mm时,出风口风量为701.30 m~3/min,最大风速为16.00 m/s,有效送风距离约为55.00 m。喷雾降温性能试验结果表明,当使用WJ-8010型喷嘴时,与对照组相比,平均温度降低0.68~11.11℃,最大温差范围为1.80~13.90℃。在38℃高温环境下,喷雾降温风机在20 m范围内的降温幅度接近5℃,降温效果良好。  相似文献   
2.
针对现有鲜食玉米收获机在收获果穗时,果穗中含有茎叶等杂质,影响运输、贮存和后续加工等问题,采用轴流风机负压除杂技术去除果穗中的茎秆和茎叶等杂质,同时在除杂装置内增加动、定刀,切碎杂质,便于后续的打包回收利用,并对风机负压除杂装置进行了性能分析和参数优化。通过对动、定刀进行动力学分析,对动、定刀数和刀间隙进行分析,确定了该装置的风机转速范围为1326~1573r/min,动、定刀间隙20mm,定刀数为3~8。采用二次回归正交组合试验方案,以风机转速、定刀数、喂入量为试验因素,以果穗含杂率和茎秆切碎长度合格率为试验指标进行台架试验,通过分析各因素对指标贡献率,得到影响茎秆切碎长度合格率的主次顺序为喂入量、风机转速、定刀数,影响果穗含杂率的主次顺序为风机转速、喂入量、定刀数。建立了参数优化数学模型,利用Optimization模块优化得出,当风机转速为1524r/min、单排定刀数为4、喂入量为7.6kg/s时,茎秆切碎长度合格率为96.8%,果穗含杂率为0.69%。对优化后的参数组合进行了5组验证试验,得到茎秆切碎长度合格率平均值为96.2%,果穗含杂率平均值为0.71%。相比于传统收获机,该装置使果穗含杂率降低了23.3%,说明该优化参数能够满足鲜食玉米果穗收获和茎叶青贮相关技术要求。  相似文献   
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4.
The Alagxa Plateau, in the margin of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, is one of the most important dust source areas in East Asia, and the widespread sandy desert in the area is important both as a reservoir and a source of eolian silty. The northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is one of the most actively-growing mountain belt on earth, and has large amounts of debris, with masses of fine grained material, which were continuously mobilized and deposited in the Alagxa Plateau by rivers, forming broad alluvial fans. It is possible that the role of fluvial sediments as a source of silty dust in the Alagxa Plateau has been underestimated. In this study, we test this hypothesis by investigating the iron mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the fluvial sediments and the surface material of the sandy desert in the Alagxa Plateau, and comparing them with paleo-eolian dust deposits(loess) in the adjacent Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP) to investigate the possible linkages among the fluvial sediments, sandy desert and the last glacial loess of the CLP. The results show that sandy desert typically have high contents of goethite, and high ratios of goethite to hematite, similar to the fluvial sediments in the Alagxa Plateau. Based on the major element characteristics, field investigations and the results of previous studies, we found a genetic link between the silt component of the fluvial sediments and the sandy desert in the Alagxa Plateau with high value of Gt(goethite) and similarity of the Gt/(Hm(hematite)+Gt) ratio. But the silt component of the sandy desert main come from the adjacent fluvial sediments. The iron mineralogical characteristics(χ(magnetic susceptibility), χARM(anhysteretic susceptibility), SIRM(saturation isothermal remanent magnetization) and SIRM_(AF100 mT)(SIRM demagnetized at 100 mT)) of the CLP samples overlap with those of the fluvial sediments in the Alagxa Plateau, but there is a mismatch with the sandy desert samples. This suggests that the fluvial sediments are the source of a large amount of silty material which could be transported to the CLP. Therefore, we conclude that the fluvial sediment in the Alagxa Plateau is an important source of eolian silt, which is deposited in downwind region, and that this source has been previously underestimated.  相似文献   
5.
任丰兰 《安徽农业科学》2014,(17):5693-5694
结合常德市的棉花收获情况,设计了一种小型的棉花收获机械。对该机械的机箱、吸棉管,抽风机采摘头4部分设计过程进行了翔实描述。按该方案研制出的样机采棉效果好,因此该机械具有携带和操作方便、收获速度快等优点,有推广前景。  相似文献   
6.
木材干燥过程中,介质循环速度是一个影响木材干燥的重要工艺参数.在木材各含水率阶段,通过试验分析研究不同介质循环速度对木材干燥速度的影响.结果表明,介质循环速度对干燥速度的影响显著,但其影响随木材含水率(MC)的降低而减弱.在低介质循环速度条件下,试件MC大于45%时,表现为木材干燥速度和木材含水率偏差(△MC)随循环风速的增加而增加,呈显著正相关关系;试件MC介于35% ~ 45%之间时,正相关关系存在但不显著;试件MC小于35%时,干燥室内循环风速的大小不影响木材的干燥速度和木材含水率偏差(△MC).对试件表层含水率分析,试件表层含水率大于25%时,试件表面循环风速对试件表层含水率的影响显著;试件表层含水率小于25%时,试件表面循环风速对试件表层含水率的影响很小,不同循环风速下试件表层含水率基本一样.  相似文献   
7.
Migration is a common behaviour among salmonids, but not all individuals within a population migrate, instead becoming residents and remaining in their natal streams. This phenomenon, known as “partial migration,” is well studied among sea‐run and lake‐run populations; however, the lower migratory benefits and costs for mainstem‐run individuals question whether the same mechanisms can be applied for stream‐dwelling salmonids. In this study, we investigated main stem‐run timing and body condition of partially migratory stream‐dwelling Dolly Varden charr (Salvelinus malma) in the Shiisorapuchi River in central Hokkaido, Japan. Based on commonly observed patterns in sea‐run and lake‐run salmonids, we predicted that migration would occur during spring and consist predominantly of age 1 +  females with some small subordinate males. Traps were placed at the mouths of two small tributaries along the Shiisorapuchi River periodically from May to December 2015. Adipose fin samples were taken for DNA to sex the individuals. Consistent to initial predictions, downstream movement occurs only once in the spring, dominated by age‐1 +  females. Trapped fishes (presumed migrants) were slightly longer but slimmer compared to the fish caught in the tributaries (presumed resident), which may be equivalent to smolts in anadromous populations. Regardless of migratory habitat, mechanisms driving partial migration in salmonids may be the same as long as production between natal stream and feeding habitats is significantly different.  相似文献   
8.
The present objective of the study was to investigate the effect of fans cooling on dairy cow in northern mountainous region of Hebei in summer.Two cowsheds with the same structure and feeding technics were used to investigate the effect of fans on indoor temperature and humidity, physiological parameters and milking performance of dairy cow.The results showed that the average ambient temperature in cowshed with fans was 1.5℃ lower than that of the control cowshed, and the average wind velocity was 0.49 m/s higher than that of the control cowshed, reaching to 0.66 m/s.Temperature-humidity index (THI) of cowshed with fans was significantly lower than that of the control shed during the period of fans running (P<0.05).Besides, the rectal temperature and respiration rate of dairy cows in cowshed with fans were significantly lower than of the control cowshed (P<0.05), and the milk yield per cow per day was 17.0% higher than that of the control cowshed (P<0.05), however, the milk fat, milk protein and milk sugar were no significant difference from the control (P>0.05).Overall, fans could decrease indoor environment, moderate heat stress and increase performance and health of dairy cows in northern mountainous region of Hebei.  相似文献   
9.
牛舍冷风机-风管上置置换通风系统设计及降温效果   总被引:7,自引:5,他引:2  
为了探索一种高效且运行成本低的牛舍降温方式,该试验通过设计合理的风管布置和开口,采取上置置换通风的模式对肉牛舍降温。该设计方案用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)的方法验证其可行性,并通过实际测试设定风机开启和关闭的适宜时间,试验表明:处理舍系统产生的冷风大量流向牛活动区域,温湿度梯度比对照舍明显,达到了局部降温的节能目的。该系统开启后,10:00-18:00期间,处理舍牛的平均热负荷指数(heat load index,HLI)比对照舍降低7.4(P0.01),平均呼吸频率降低12次/min(P0.01),平均日增质量提高0.37 kg/d(P0.01),缓解了肉牛的热应激,提高了肉牛的养殖效益。处理舍由于相对封闭,故牛活动区域平均相对湿度、CO2和NH3浓度分别比对照舍高26.8%、252 mg/m3、0.54 mg/m3(P0.01),但牛舍环境空气质量符合相关行业标准的要求。该试验为冷风机-风管通风降温系统设计提供了一些参考参数,有利于该系统的优化,并发挥更好的降温效果。  相似文献   
10.
本研究利用热处理的酸乳清对牛乳进行预酸化处理,研究不同热烫条件对乳扇热拉伸性和产量的影响,并对工艺条件进行优化。结果表明,乳扇热烫拉伸最佳工艺条件为温度70℃、pH6.0,该条件下乳扇的拉伸性较好并且出品率较高(7.11%)。  相似文献   
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