Identification of novel juvenile-hormone signaling activators via high-throughput screening with a chemical library

Juvenile hormone (JH) is an insect-specific hormone that regulates molting and metamorphosis. Hence, JH signaling inhibitors (JHSIs) and activators (JHSAs) can be used as effective insect growth regulators (IGRs) for pest management. In our previous study, we established a high-throughput screening (HTS) system for exploration of novel JHSIs and JHSAs using a Bombyx mori cell line (BmN_JF&AR cells) and succeeded in identifying novel JHSIs from a chemical library. Here, we searched for novel JHSAs using this system. The four-step HTS yielded 10 compounds as candidate JHSAs; some of these compounds showed novel basic structures, whereas the others were composed of a 4-phenoxyphenoxymethyl skeleton, the basic structure of several existing JH analogs (pyriproxyfen and fenoxycarb). Topical application of seven compounds to B. mori larvae significantly prolonged the larval period, suggesting that the identified JHSAs may be promising IGRs targeting the JH signaling pathway.     

落叶果树冬季管理技术要点

落叶果树冬季进入休眠期，果农田间管理时间长，农事操作方便，而在生产中，不少果农忽视了冬季这个果园管理的关键时期，造成树势衰弱、树形杂乱、病虫害严重。做好落叶果树冬季管理技术措施，对于增强树势，提高翌年果树产量、品质和效益起到关键性的作用。     

村务管理专业学生的教育管理研究

随着国家乡村振兴战略的深入实施,村务管理专业学生招生规模迅速扩大,教育管理对乡村振兴发展、学院建设、个人成长具有重要意义.从分析学生的特点和教育管理现状入手,阐述了抓好村务管理专业学生教育管理的重要意义,提出把好招考入学、教书育人、考察使用关口,做好学院内部与外部管理结合、教育管理与精准服务结合、依法依规与沟通交流结合、教育引导与更新观念结合、宣传表彰与惩戒警示结合,加强学生的教育管理工作.     

红外相机技术在河北雾灵山国家级自然保护区中的应用

为了充实河北雾灵山自然保护区的野生动物资源本底资料,提高监测能力和监测水平,雾灵山保护区自2015年开始将红外相机技术应用到野生动植物的资源调查和管护中。目前应用红外相机技术发现兽类5目10科14种,鸟类4目6科10种,掌握了区内主要物种猪獾(Arctonyx collaris)、狍(Capreolus)和勺鸡(Pucrasia macrolopha)的日活动节律,补充了保护区的本底调查资料,为保护区进一步开展金钱豹(Panthera pardus)、斑羚(Naemorhedus goral)和鸟类多样性等科学研究奠定了基础,为保护区制定关于野生动物资源的相关管护政策提供了科学依据。     

智慧物流在饲料企业管理中的应用研究

饲料行业的竞争日益激烈,其需要学会使用现代科技提升竞争力,智慧物流就是这些技术之一。智慧物流可以提升饲料企业对原材料和产品在物流过程中的管控。本文试图探索智慧物流如何提升饲料企业的管理。通过智慧物流,饲料企业可以改进生产管理的流程和模式,加强采购管理中的风险管理,追踪产品售后的流向和信息,提升企业的产品质量,保证企业财务数据的真实性和可靠性。     

Effect of farm management on topsoil organic carbon and aggregate stability in water: A case study from Southwest England,UK

There are few reliable data sets to inspire confidence in policymakers that soil organic carbon (SOC) can be measured on farms. We worked with farmers in the Tamar Valley region of southwest England to select sampling sites under similar conditions (soil type, aspect and slope) and management types. Topsoils (2–15 cm) were sampled in autumn 2015, and percentage soil organic matter (%SOM) was determined by loss on ignition and used to calculate %SOC. We also used the stability of macroaggregates in cold water (WSA) (‘soil slaking’) as a measure of ‘soil health’ and investigated its relationship with SOC in the clay‐rich soils. %SOM was significantly different between management types in the order woodland (11.1%) = permanent pasture (9.5%) > ley‐arable rotation (7.7%) = arable (7.3%). This related directly to SOC stocks that were larger in fields under permanent pasture and woodland compared with those under arable or ley‐arable rotation whether corrected for clay content (F = 8.500, p < .0001) or not (F = 8.516, p < .0001). WSA scores were strongly correlated with SOC content whether corrected for clay content (SOC_adj R² = .571, p < .0001) or not (SOC_unadj R² = 0.490, p = .002). Time since tillage controlled SOC stocks and WSA scores, accounting for 75.5% and 51.3% of the total variation, respectively. We conclude that (1) SOC can be reliably measured in farmed soils using accepted protocols and related to land management and (2) WSA scores can be rapidly measured in clay soils and related to SOC stocks and soil management.     

小型西瓜生育特性与保护地栽培技术

小型西瓜生育特性、种植模式与普通西瓜不同,种植过程中容易出现问题。基于小西瓜的生育特性,综述北方地区保护地栽培的主要技术要点,为提高小型西瓜的产量和品质提供参考。     

凤梨草莓与黄毛草莓种间杂种果实香气成分的代谢谱分析

【目的】通过比较黄毛草莓和凤梨草莓的2个种间杂种PF（具黄毛草莓浓郁的蜜桃香气）和NF（无蜜桃香气）完熟期果实香气成分的代谢谱,为黄毛草莓蜜桃香气特征成分鉴定及野生草莓优异资源的开发利用提供参考。【方法】采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱/质谱联用技术（gas chromatograph tandem mass spectrometer technology,GC-MS）,对供试材料的香气成分进行检测。采用偏最小二乘法判别分析（partial least squares discrimination analysis,PLS-DA）模型第一主成分的变量投影重要度（variable importance in the projection,VIP）值和log2FC（Fold Change,FC）,结合T-test的P值来筛选差异性代谢物,PF相对于NF,设置阈值VIP>1.0, log2FC>1.0或log2FC<-1.0且P value<0.05,差异代谢物的相对含量采用峰面积归一化法计算,CAS号（Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number）在https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov网站查阅。【结果】从检测到的383种总代谢物中筛选出67种差异代谢物,其中58种上调,9种下调,上调幅度较大的差异代谢物为内酯类物质,log2FC排在前3名的依次是(Z)-7-癸烯-5-酸（5.60）、丁位十一内酯（5.33）、δ-癸内酯（5.30）,下调幅度较大的差异代谢物为酯类物质,-log2FC排在前3名的依次是肉桂酸乙酯、亚硫酸（-7.19）,2-乙基己基异己酯（-6.65）和3-羟基丁酸乙酯（-4.14）。从相对含量来看,酯类在PF（37.69%）中大幅低于NF（57.20%）,内酯类在PF（20.91%）中大幅高于NF（6.12%）,酮类在PF（15.30%）中略高于NF（9.12%）,醇类、醛类、酸类、烯烃类和其他代谢物在PF和NF中的含量相当,NF中相对含量最大的酯是丁酸乙酯（17.92%）,PF中相对含量最大的内酯是δ-癸内酯（12.53%）,PF相对含量最大的酮与NF相同,均为2-庚酮。【结论】肉桂酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯和3-羟基丁酸乙酯等酯类可能是NF的关键香气成分,(Z)-7-癸烯-5-酸、丁位十一内酯和δ-癸内酯等内酯类可能是形成PF蜜桃香气的关键物质。     

农林高校旅游管理专业人才培养现状、困境与发展思考

基于对全国32所农林高校旅游管理专业现状描述,认为农林高校旅游管理专业的现实困境有培养目标趋同从众、农林特色课程少、学科地位弱、边缘化严重、市场火爆专业遇冷并存。提出建议:依托农林优势资源,坚持“有小异”;优化专业方向课程,凸显农林特色;落实导师制,精细化人才培养。研究结论对于农林高校提升旅游管理专业办学质量与特色具有借鉴价值。