首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   619篇
  免费   82篇
  国内免费   38篇
林业   60篇
农学   26篇
基础科学   151篇
  201篇
综合类   209篇
农作物   4篇
水产渔业   42篇
畜牧兽医   29篇
园艺   2篇
植物保护   15篇
  2023年   13篇
  2022年   20篇
  2021年   20篇
  2020年   17篇
  2019年   6篇
  2018年   6篇
  2017年   24篇
  2016年   16篇
  2015年   21篇
  2014年   21篇
  2013年   30篇
  2012年   55篇
  2011年   49篇
  2010年   30篇
  2009年   26篇
  2008年   32篇
  2007年   59篇
  2006年   45篇
  2005年   33篇
  2004年   40篇
  2003年   26篇
  2002年   14篇
  2001年   17篇
  2000年   10篇
  1999年   6篇
  1998年   17篇
  1997年   7篇
  1996年   21篇
  1995年   18篇
  1994年   21篇
  1993年   3篇
  1992年   5篇
  1991年   4篇
  1990年   1篇
  1989年   4篇
  1988年   1篇
  1980年   1篇
排序方式: 共有739条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
[目的]研究特大暴雨条件下小流域沟道泥沙输移路径、泥沙连通程度及其影响因素,旨在探讨水库溃坝的原因,为沟道防洪措施的布设提供依据。[方法]以陕西省子洲县"7·26"暴雨条件下小流域沟道泥沙连通情况为例,选取面积相近、形状相异的清水沟和蛇家沟小流域,对沟道泥沙淤积情况进行现场调查,同时将沟道分为坝地沟段和自然沟段,选取流域面积与形状系数、沟道比降,以及淤地坝的类型与分布进行对比分析两个小流域沟道泥沙连通性的差异。[结果]在此次特大暴雨条件下,清水沟和蛇家沟的淤地坝大都呈现打开状态,由上游到下游清水沟泥沙连通性呈现较强的增长趋势,蛇家沟泥沙连通性则呈现先增长后减弱的趋势。整体上清水沟的泥沙连通性比蛇家沟的强,且清水沟流域的土壤侵蚀也较为严重。串联和混联坝系以及修建有卧管、竖井和排水渠的淤地坝防洪能力更强。[结论]流域面积、流域形状和沟道比降均影响着沟道泥沙的连通性,而淤地坝类型及分布是影响沟道泥沙连通性的主导因子。  相似文献   
2.
[目的]为了探讨张家口坝下地区寒冷季节育肥牛舍内外光照和风速的变化规律,以期发现该地区寒冷季节这两项指标的变化规律。[方法]在张家口怀安县某肉牛场进行了入冬后不同月份牛舍内外光照和风速的研究,在试验前对开放式肉牛育肥舍的后窗进行了封堵,测试时间为2018年11月至2019年5月,每个月的11日、12日和13日进行测定并记录数据。[结果]结果表明,坝下地区中午时间段光照强度大,育肥牛舍内外与密闭舍对比均有不同程度差异显著性(P<0.05或P<0.01);育肥舍及舍外风速也存在不同程度的差异显著性(P<0.05)变化或差异极显著变化(P<0.01)。[结论]该结果为在张家口坝下地区冬季养好育肥牛,科学合理地修缮及改造牛舍提供理论依据和技术参数。  相似文献   
3.
ABSTRACT

Despite near-extinction in the nineteenth century, after efficient restoration measures the population of Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber L.) in Latvia currently is viable and growing. While the ecological effect of the species on water quality and biodiversity is generally positive, the high number of animals in production forests often creates challenges for management. Drainage ditches are among the most favoured habitats of beavers resulting in flooded stands, reduced tree growth and economical losses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the chemical properties of water in forest drainage ditches, affected by beaver activity, and their changes after the dam removal. Chemical composition of surface water in ditches was analysed in sampling points above dam, below dam and in the ditch itself after removal of the dam; results compared to pristine beaver site nearby on a small stream. Results did not show significant differences between concentrations above and below dams. After removal of the dams, significant increase in DOC, N-NO3 -, N-NH4 + and TSS concentrations and significant decrease in TP concentrations were observed in some of the sites. Observed concentrations of all measured parameters were significantly lower in pristine beaver site than in beaver sites on drainage ditches.  相似文献   
4.
Columnaris disease is a major cause of mortality in tilapia hatcheries and commonly occurs during the summer season in Thailand. One way of reducing the problem is by selective breeding for increased disease resistance. The objective of this study was to estimate quantitative genetic parameters for resistance against columnaris in the Chitralada 4 strain of Nile tilapia. Data from 43 full‐sib families (2,580 records) of fry (age = 32 ± 4 days post‐hatch) were used in the analyses. Initially, fry were subjected to bath challenge with Flavobacterium columnare (LD50 concentration = 1.2 × 106 CFU/ml) for 14 days. Disease resistance was defined as the number of days from challenge until death (DD) or as a binary trait (dead/alive) on day 14. Linear animal and sire‐dam models were used for DD, while threshold animal, threshold sire‐dam, binary linear animal and binary linear sire‐dam models were used for binary outcomes. Covariate effect of age, fixed effect of challenge day and random effects of the individual animals or sires and dams were included in the models. Mean survival was 32.4 ± 11.6%, and survival rates of the best and poorest families were 70% and 8%, respectively. The highest estimate of heritability (0.30 ± 0.025) was obtained under the threshold sire‐dam model. Heritability estimates for DD (0.16 ± 0.034 and 0.17 ± 0.046) were comparable to those obtained from the threshold animal (0.15 ± 0.031) and the binary linear (0.14 ± 0.045 and 0.15 ± 0.044) models. The linear animal and sire‐dam models for DD and the threshold sire‐dam models performed equally with similar values of rEBV (0.629, 0.628 and 0.627) and accuracy of selection (0.793, 0.793 and 0.791). This study reveals the potential of selective breeding to increase disease resistance to F. columnare in the studied population of Nile tilapia.  相似文献   
5.
Freshwater fishes are threatened globally, and often too little is known about threatened species to effectively guide their conservation. Habitat complexity is linked to fish species diversity and persistence, and degraded streams often lack habitat complexity. Beaver Castor spp., in turn, have been used to restore streams and increase habitat complexity. The northern leatherside chub Lepidomeda copei is a rare, small‐bodied, drift‐feeding minnow that has anecdotally been observed to use complex habitats associated with beaver dams in the western United States. To investigate this anecdote, we conducted fish and habitat surveys, the latter focusing on quantifying habitat complexity, in a sub‐basin of the Upper Snake River Basin in the USA. Complementary generalised linear model and path analyses revealed that northern leatherside chub occurred more often at sites with complex streamflows, and streamflows were more complex when beaver dams were present and pools were deeper. Northern leatherside chubs were also more likely to occur when temperatures were warmer, aquatic macrophytes were abundant and stream channels were narrow and deep. The linkage between chubs, complex streamflows and beaver dams needs to be evaluated more broadly to completely understand its role in the rangewide status of the species. However, it does suggests that increased use of beaver reintroductions and dam analogues for stream restoration could be a boon for the northern leatherside chub, but such efforts should be monitored to determine their effectiveness to help adapt beaver‐based restoration approaches to best benefit the species.  相似文献   
6.
黄土丘Ⅴ区因其独特的土壤及地形和水文地质条件,使淤地坝坝控区的重力侵蚀严重,以至于毁坏耕地、道路和桥梁等,严重影响淤地坝效益的发挥。针对黄土丘Ⅴ区典型小流域坝控区在运行期间因沟岸崩塌和岸坡滑塌等产生的重力侵蚀导致淤地坝泥沙淤积量计算失真的问题,采用实测库容与3S技术生成库容资料和原设计库容曲线复核率定的三重复核分析方法,对运行期淤地坝坝控区域的重力侵蚀来源、诱发因素及预测进行分析。结果表明:(1)反映淤地坝淤积形态的形态判别系数α'为0.711~208.517,均值48.238,说明除阳山上小型坝小于临界数2.2为椎体淤积外,其他淤地坝为三角洲淤积;(2)坝控区形态参数如淤积面面积、周长、淤积体积及淤积形态判别系数等对重力侵蚀影响较大,给出了重力侵蚀量及侵蚀模数的计算关系;(3)重力侵蚀模数的范围184.79~812.80t/(km~2·a),均值360.68t/(km~2·a),坝控区淤积产沙模数的范围225~2 719t/(km~2·a),均值1 382t/(km~2·a)。重力侵蚀模数约占淤积产沙模数的26.1%,说明在黄土丘陵沟壑区第Ⅴ副区淤地坝的库区拦沙既有上游因水力侵蚀产沙又有库区自身重力侵蚀所致,淤地坝的运行管理既要防止重力侵蚀破坏现有耕地,又要防止淤地坝淤积出的土地被沟道基流苦咸水破坏,从而导致淤地坝淤地无法高效利用。  相似文献   
7.
【目的】研究热-流耦合模型参数的敏感性,减小运行期土石坝热-流耦合模型参数校正过程的工作量,为土石坝热-流耦合模型参数选取提供依据。【方法】采用正交试验法,以某水库土石坝为例,基于大坝热-流耦合模型,以坝体与坝基平均温度作为敏感性分析的主要指标,对大坝热-流耦合模型各参数的敏感性进行分析。【结果】渗透率和土体比热容对土石坝温度场影响较敏感,其极差值分别为0.124 5和0.086 2,其余参数的敏感性由强到弱依次为孔隙率(n)、饱和含水率(θs)、导热系数(λ)、残余含水率(θr)和土体密度(ρ),极差值分别为0.046 5,0.029 3,0.026 6,0.014 3和0.011 3,相对于渗透率和土体比热容,这5个参数对于温度场计算结果的影响较小。【结论】在对土石坝温度场进行校正时,应将模型中的渗透率和土体比热容作为重点参数。  相似文献   
8.
[目的] 对冰滑坡涌浪导致的冰碛坝溃决过程与溃决机理进行试验研究,为冰川区重大工程建设和冰湖冰碛坝溃决灾害防治提供科技支撑。[方法] 开展不同滑块体积、滑动角度、滑动距离、坝体物质组成和坝体几何形态的水槽模型试验。基于试验现象、试验数据与理论推导,对涌浪过程、坝体物质起动和坝体溃决临界条件进行分析。[结果] ①冰滑坡涌浪随时间和距离不断衰减,其随时间衰减显著。②将涌浪作用下的溃决过程分为坡面侵蚀、陡坎侵蚀、侧向侵蚀和衰退4个阶段,其中侧向侵蚀阶段的溃决流量最大,流速最快,侵蚀能力最强。③从颗粒起动机理的角度给出了颗粒起动流速,与沙莫夫公式进行对比分析,对比结果较为吻合。④基于能量守恒原理得到了冰湖溃决事件发生的临界条件,通过西藏自治区林芝市波密县米堆沟光谢错冰湖溃决事件进行验证,验证结果良好。[结论] 冰湖库容越大、坝前水深越深、涌浪高度越高,坝体越易发生溃决;冰碛坝堆积物中细颗粒含量越高,坝体颗粒间黏附力越强,坝体越稳定;冰碛坝坝宽及下游坡脚越大,坝体越稳定,溃决所需时间越长。  相似文献   
9.
10.
根据松花江悦来航电枢纽工程的勘察实例,对悦来航电枢纽库坝区渗漏问题进行了分析与评价,并且较详细地介绍了工程防治处理措施。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号