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1.
为探究重金属锌在不同分层土壤中的吸附解吸特性,了解锌在分层土壤中的迁移规律,试验通过批量平衡试验,分析了锌在4个分层土壤(耕作层、犁底层、心土层、母质层)中的吸附解吸行为。结果表明:各分层土壤对锌的吸附动力学过程包括快速吸附、慢速吸附、吸附平衡3个阶段,准二级动力学方程对吸附过程的拟合效果优于准一级动力学方程,Langmuir方程能更好的拟合4种分层黑土对锌的等温吸附过程,4种土壤分层对锌的吸附能力由大到小的顺序为耕作层、犁底层、心土层、母质层,是因为随着土壤深度的增加,土壤有机质质量分数逐渐减小,4种分层土壤对锌的吸附能力逐渐降低。吸附热力学试验表明,随着温度的升高,各分层土壤对锌的吸附量均逐渐增大,ΔG<0(ΔG为吉布斯自由能的变化),ΔH>0(ΔH是标准焓变),ΔS>0(ΔS是标准熵变)说明了4个分层土壤对锌的吸附过程为自发、吸热、无序的过程。Zn的解吸量与吸附量呈正比,最大解吸量随着剖面深度的增加而减小,且均存在滞后效应。N、P质量浓度的增加,可以提高土壤固定Zn的能力,减小Zn对土壤农作物、地下水的重金属危害。  相似文献   
2.
氧化锌是断奶仔猪阶段饲料中防止腹泻的常用饲料添加剂,但是它的使用会造成环境污染。农业农村部也逐渐开始对氧化锌在养猪生产中的使用加以限制。此次研究从氧化锌的抗腹泻机理、不同的锌源和改变氧化锌的生物活性、氧化锌来源、植物乳杆菌、植物精油、水解单宁(HT)和氧化锌联合使用、猪免疫球蛋白G(pplgG)等方面进行综述,探讨其替代思路,以期为断奶仔猪高剂量氧化锌替代提供参考。  相似文献   
3.
Developments in genetics, agronomics and processing has positioned staple cereals as important sources of iron, zinc and provitamin A (pVA) carotenoids for nutritionally vulnerable populations. Significant effort has been placed on understanding the bioavailability of these micronutrients from cereal foods, including the exploration of underlying mechanisms by which their bioavailability can be modified. While micronutrient bioavailability is preferably assessed in clinical trials, relevant in vitro digestion and intestinal cell culture models have been applied to study effects of genetic, agronomic, post-harvest and food processing on micronutrient bioavailability. This review (1) critically assesses the application of in vitro models in the exploration of mechanisms associated with iron, zinc and provitamin A carotenoid bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption from cereal foods, and (2) identifies remaining gaps in order to frame future strategies to improve the nutritional impact of cereal foods.  相似文献   
4.
AIM: To study the expression of zinc transporter ZRT/IRT-like protein 14 (ZIP14) in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, and to investigate the effects of ZIP14 over-expression on the biological behaviors of HCC cells. METHODS: The expression of ZIP14 at mRNA and protein levels in the HCC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were detected by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. The lentivirus expression system containing GV365-ZIP14 was constructed, and was used to infect the HCC cell line BEL-7404, which had relatively poor expression of ZIP14. The expression of ZIP14 at mRNA and protein levels in the transfected cells were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Under the conditions of zinc sulfate stimulation at different concentrations, the cell viability, the cell cycle, and the cell migration and invasion abilities were detected by MTT assay, DNA ploid detection, and Transwell assay, respectively. RESULTS: The mRNA expression level and the strong-positive rate of protein expression of ZIP14 in the HCC tissues were significantly lower than those in the adjacent non-tumor liver tissues (P<0.01). The expression of ZIP14 at mRNA and protein levels in the BEL7404 cells was significantly enhanced by infection of GV365-ZIP14 expression lentivirus. Compared with negative control group (transfected with negative control lentivirus), the cell viability, migration and invasion in ZIP14 over-expression group (transfected with GV365-ZIP14 expression lentivirus) were significantly reduced, and the percentage of the cells in G2/M phase was significantly increased, all of which were more obvious with the elevation of zinc concentration in the culture medium. CONCLUSION: ZIP14 is low expressed in the HCC tissues. The ZIP14 over-expression has inhibitory effects on the viability, migration and invasion of HCC cells, and blocks the cell cycle in G2/M phase, which might be closely related to the elevation of zinc concentration in cytoplasma of HCC cells due to enchanced zinc transport by ZIP14.  相似文献   
5.
The effects of dietary zinc and L-arginine supplements on the weight gain, feed efficiency, antioxidant capacity and oxidative status of weanling piglets raised under commercial conditions were examined. A total of 288 piglets aged 21 d were fed for 15 d a diet supplemented or not with 2,500 mg/kg of zinc (provided as zinc oxide) and 1% L-arginine·HCl. The 4 treatments were distributed in a randomized complete block design with 6 initial body weight categories (12 animals per pen). Access to feed and water was ad libitum. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial experiment using the SAS MIXED procedure, with zinc and arginine as the main independent variables. Blood collection day (d 8 and 15, samples were collected from the same 2 piglets in each pen before the morning feeding) was included as a third factor. The zinc supplement increased the average daily gain (ADG) from d 0 to 7, d 8 to 15 and d 0 to 15 (0.289 vs. 0.217 kg/d), average daily feed intake (ADFI) from d 8 to 15 and d 0 to 15 (0.338 vs. 0.279 kg/d) and the gain to feed (G:F) ratio from d 0 to 7 and d 0 to 15 (0.86 vs. 0.77) (P < 0.001). Both supplements significantly decreased the malondialdehyde concentration (zinc: 4.37 vs. 3.91 μmol/L, P = 0.005; arginine: 4.38 vs. 3.89 μmol/L, P = 0.002). Total antioxidant capacity and reduced glutathione (GSH) increased from d 8 to 15 (0.953 vs. 1.391 μmol/L, 2.22 vs. 3.37 μmol/L, P < 0.05) regardless of dietary treatment. Total and oxidized GSH concentrations on d 8 were higher in response to the combined supplements (zinc × arginine interaction, P < 0.05). Piglets fed either Zn-supplemented diet had a lower haptoglobin serum concentration (509 vs. 1,417 mg/L; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the zinc supplement improved piglet growth performance (ADG and ADFI) and oxidative status (based on malondialdehyde concentration). The arginine supplement had a limited effect on growth performance and oxidative status under these conditions.  相似文献   
6.
旨在分析并预测细粒棘球绦虫锌指蛋白(Echinococcus granulosus zinc finger peotein,Eg-ZFP)结构、功能及其在细粒棘球绦虫发育过程中的表达模式,预测其在细粒棘球绦虫防治中潜在的作用。通过对前期细粒棘球绦虫原头蚴(protoscolex,PSC)转录组高通量测序结果中Unigene进行筛选,克隆Eg-ZFP基因并进行序列分析,实时荧光定量PCR(Realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR,qPCR)分析Eg-ZFP在原头蚴及成虫中的表达特征,利用全量组织原位杂交(Whole mount in situ hybridization,WISH)检测该蛋白mRNA在原头蚴和成虫组织中的分布情况。结果显示,细粒棘球绦虫Eg-ZFP基因的CDS序列长852bp,具有完整的开放阅读框(852bp),编码283个氨基酸,预测表明Eg-ZFP分子质量大小及等电点为31.6ku和8.89;qPCR检测发现,Eg-ZFP在原头蚴及成虫阶段均有表达,且在成虫阶段表达量高;全量组织原位杂交检测结果表明,Eg-ZFP mRNA在原头蚴及成虫中分布广泛,且在成虫的生殖系统中丰度较高,提示Eg-ZFP与虫体生殖发育有关。结果表明Eg-ZFP在细粒棘球绦虫发育过程中具有重要作用,为进一步研究Eg-ZFP在E.granulosus防治中的作用奠定基础。  相似文献   
7.
2010~2012年,通过玉米锌肥施用技术试验,重点研究了玉米施用锌肥的有效性及影响玉米锌肥效果的相关因素。结果表明:鲁北褐土化潮土上施用锌肥一般增产14.3%左右;以666.7m2基施1.0~2.0kg锌肥效果较佳,叶面喷施则以0.20%浓度硫酸锌效果最佳,喷施时期以苗期和拔节期施用效果较好,土壤有效锌含量在0.6 mg/kg以下时施用锌肥有稳定的增产效果。  相似文献   
8.
配施硼、锌肥及施用方法对芝麻生长及产量的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以黑芝麻赣芝9号为材料,在等量复合肥作为底肥施用的条件下,研究了硼肥、锌肥作为底肥施用和作叶面肥喷施对芝麻生长及产量的影响。结果表明,锌肥作为底肥施用芝麻产量最高,其次是硼肥作为叶面肥喷施。锌肥作为叶面肥喷施,对芝麻也有显著的增产效果,而硼肥作为底肥施用远不如作为叶面肥喷施的增产效果明显。锌肥和硼肥作为叶面肥以及硼肥作为底肥均能增加芝麻的叶绿素含量。  相似文献   
9.
【目的】研究土施和叶面喷施锌肥条件下玉米吸收、积累锌的规律,旨在为科学调控玉米锌营养状况、提高玉米籽粒锌含量提供理论依据。【方法】2011年在吉林风沙土地区采用大田试验,研究了土施锌肥(0kg/hm2(S0)、3.4kg/hm2(S3.4)、6.8kg/hm2(S6.8)、10.2kg/hm2(S10.2))和叶面喷施锌肥(0kg/hm2(F0),2.25kg/hm2(F))共计7个处理(S0F0(对照)、S3.4F0、S6.8F0、S10.2F0、S0F、S3.4F、S6.8F)对玉米各生育期植株锌含量、籽粒锌含量、籽粒产量和地上部分生物量以及锌肥利用率、Zn吸收总量和Zn吸收速率的影响。【结果】玉米植株中Zn的含量随着土施锌肥量的增加而增大,苗期较S0F0处理增加了2.7~8.5倍,其他生育期增加幅度有所降低;与S0F0处理相比,S3.4F0、S6.8F0、S10.2F0可以使玉米增产9.7%~37.7%,地上部分生物量增加6.2%~20.4%,玉米Zn吸收总量增加21.5%~81.9%。土施+叶面喷施锌肥处理比单独土施锌肥增产5.5%~17.0%,生物量增加18.5%~30.8%。【结论】土施+叶面喷施锌肥可以明显提高玉米籽粒锌含量和籽粒产量。  相似文献   
10.
通过盆栽试验,研究了分别混种稗草、红蓼、小飞蓬、千里光4种农田杂草对水果玉米幼苗生长和锌吸收的影响。结果表明,混种稗草及小飞蓬的水果玉米根系、茎鞘、叶片及地上部分生物量均高于水果玉米单种,其中,地上部分生物量较水果玉米单种分别显著提高了58.89%和8.76%,且叶绿素含量及类胡萝卜素含量也较水果玉米单种有所提高;混种红蓼及千里光降低了水果玉米的生物量、叶绿素含量及类胡萝卜素含量。就锌吸收而言,混种稗草及小飞蓬的水果玉米根系、茎鞘、叶片及地上部分锌含量均高于水果玉米单种,其中地上部分锌含量分别较水果玉米单种提高1.24%和3.89%,而混种红蓼及千里光的水果玉米锌含量低于水果玉米单种。因此,混种稗草及小飞蓬能够促进水果玉米的生长及锌吸收。  相似文献   
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