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1.
针对韭园沟流域的TM影响,采用单波段阈值法、谱间关系法、归一化水体指数、HIS彩色模型4种方式进行流域河网信息提取,得出以下结论:(1)基于TM影像6波段的单波段阈值提取方法,可以获得较清晰的河网信息,主支流河网连续性较好,河流脉络明显,但是由于遥感影像上阴影的影像,单波段改变提取阈值难以把阴影与水体进行有效区分,提取效果仅能作为一个参考;(2)利用谱间关系法和IHS颜色模型提取的河网,主干道提取效果明显,大面积的水体也可以很好地表现,支流河网只能表现大致的轮廓,存在许多严重的断流现象。  相似文献   
2.
露地栽培条件下大白菜氮肥投入阈值研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
通过田间试验,研究了不同施氮量对大白菜产量、氮肥利用率、硝态氮残留量的影响。结果表明,施氮对大白菜有显著的增产作用,但随着施氮量的增加产量变化不大,产量对施氮量的反应呈平台模式。氮肥利用率在3.3%-12.6%,并且随施氮量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,在施氮量为656.4 kg/hm^2(纯氮300 kg/hm^2+有机肥12 000 kg/hm^2)时,氮肥利用率和作物产量最高。合理控制氮肥用量会促进作物对土壤氮素的吸收。施氮可明显提高0-180 cm剖面土壤NO3--N的累积量,残留的NO3--N的分布随施氮量的增加而显著增加,并且随施氮量的增加残留深度下移,表现出明显的底层累积。各处理土壤氮均集中在0-100 cm土层中,100 cm土层以下,各处理氮含量渐趋一致。综合不同施氮量对大白菜产量以及环境指标的影响,在本试验肥力水平下,大白菜氮肥投入阈值为656.4 kg/hm^2(纯氮300 kg/hm^2+有机肥12 000 kg/hm^2)时,能够兼顾作物高产与环境安全。  相似文献   
3.
田间枣树叶片复杂目标图像综合分割方法   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
设计了一种复杂图像分割的综合算法。首先对图像进行预处理,锁定大致目标范围,对图像进行增强,再基于阈值分割和Canny算子对图像进行初步分割。然后结合形态学处理方法及各种逻辑运算对分割结果进行优化处理,得到精确完整的目标图像。以田间枣树叶片图像为例进行实验,证明了该算法的可行性和有效性。该算法对叶片重叠、叶片灰度不均匀等复杂图像都有很好的分割效果,获得了边缘清晰、平滑、定位精确的边缘图像。  相似文献   
4.
高尚文  吉奇 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(14):8429-8430,8434
应用19532010年桓仁县逐日平均气温序列,对桓仁山区月、年的热度日(HDD)和冷度日(CDD)的变化规律进行分析,并探讨度日与平均气温的关系。结果表明,平均月HDD以1月最大,年HDD呈明显的下降趋势,其线性倾向率为-98.96(℃.d)/10a;平均月CDD以7月最大,CDD多年呈上升趋势,上升率为7.13(℃.d)/10a。年HDD和CDD与年平均气温具有较高的相关性;年际、年代际HDD与年际、年代际平均气温具有反位相变化趋势;随着气候变暖,桓仁山区HDD将趋于减小,冬季用于供暖的能源将减少,CDD将趋于增加,夏季用于制冷降温的能源将增加。  相似文献   
5.
以距离自动土壤水分站最近的人工观测地段的历史土壤水分资料为依据,开展对应的自动土壤水分站观测资料的质量控制阈值研究.统计有土壤水分观测任务的各台站近30年10 ~ 50 cm深度5个层次人工观测的土壤重量含水率最大、最小值,且分析与本站凋萎湿度和田间持水量的相关性,作为自动土壤水分站所属区域片上的极值,完成区域极值检查规则的定义.通过分析人工站历年极值序列的均方差确定条件阈值范围和安全指标,实现该区域内自动土壤水分站资料的实时质量控制;通过邻近站资料对比、时序检查等自检方法完成人工干预质量控制.  相似文献   
6.
机器人在田间采摘果蔬过程中必然受到多种图像噪声的影响,在利用小波进行图像降噪时,出于最大限度保存图像信息考虑,阈值的选择是一个最重要的环节。提出一种新的基于小波变换的非线性阈值函数,这种函数兼顾了最优阈值和阈值函数这两个降噪的最重要因素,从而获得最佳的效果。试验证明,这种方法降噪效果良好,与传统的软阈值、硬阈值函数相比,不仅提高了去噪后图像的峰值信噪比(PSNR),而且在视觉上也更加清晰。  相似文献   
7.
The Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier) is one of the worst pests for palms, since it can completely destroy the plant. Its early detection is very difficult and when the action of the pest is discovered, normally it is too late for recovering the plant. Bioacoustic sensors provide a good alternative for early detection of this pest because larvae activity is audible while they excavate tunnels to feed. This work describes the different stages for the development of an original electronic device based on acoustic sensors for early detection of Red Palm Weevil larvae in the interior of palms. This device is based on characteristic frequencies possibly related to their feeding activity. The performed tests have demonstrated that is possible to detect two week old larvae activity studying the sound intensity around 2250 Hz in palms infested only with 5 individuals under controlled environmental conditions. The activity of other insects artificially situated in the interior of palms did not affect the response of the device, possibly because they produce different frequencies (in the range 5–7 kHz). Future work will be aimed at assessing the infestation levels.  相似文献   
8.
Field experiments were conducted during 2009 and 2010 to evaluate the effects of defoliation on maturity group IV soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merr., grown in Mississippi. During each year, two locations were planted with maturity group IV soybeans that were subjected to various levels of defoliation during R3, R5, and R6 growth stages. Soybeans were subjected to various levels of defoliation within the upper 50% of the plant canopy, lower 50% of the plant canopy, and whole-plant canopy. There was greater yield loss from defoliation occurring in the upper plant canopy compared with the lower plant canopy during R3 and R5 stages, but no difference between canopy regions during R6 stage. Yield loss from whole plant defoliation was greater than upper or lower canopy defoliation. Results confirmed that soybeans during R3 and R5 stages are more susceptible to yield loss than during R6. However, yield losses were not significantly different between R 3 and R5 until defoliation exceeded 63%. Dynamic economic injury levels were determined for each growth stage based on yield loss equations, value of the crop, and cost of control and can be used as a basis for developing action thresholds in high-yielding soybean production environments.  相似文献   
9.
Stands of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) rank among the most biologically diverse plant communities across the intermountain region of western North America. Marked declines of aspen have occurred in recent decades, likely due to a combination of effects from changes in fire regimes, herbivory, climate (e.g. drought), and interspecific competition with conifer species. However, it is poorly understood how the effects of these factors are manifested at a landscape scale over decadal time periods. Analysis of field data combined with topographic information collected across the 500,000 ha Owyhee Plateau in southwestern Idaho revealed that aspen in the area occur in three different biophysical settings; First, aspen stands exist at high altitudes on south-facing slopes where local conifer species are not likely to occur because of limiting temperature or precipitation levels under current climate conditions. In these areas aspen is the potential vegetation type rather than conifers. Second, aspen grow on anomalously wet microsites (e.g. near springs), and third, aspen grow within upland mixed aspen/conifer stands, which are experiencing rapid rates of conifer establishment. Based on a paired t-test (α = 0.05) we conclude that stands growing on wet microsites show significantly slower successional rates of conifer establishment relative to upland aspen stands. We developed a conceptual state-and-transition model for upland aspen/conifer stands occurring across a range of topographic positions. We then parameterized the model using extensive field data in the vegetation dynamics computer simulation model Vegetation Dynamics Development Tool (VDDT), and examined the current and future aspen distribution under varying fire regimes. Model results indicate that average fire return intervals of 50–70 years are desirable for maintenance of aspen in upland areas where conifers are present. Under the current fire regime in the area many upland aspen/conifer stands will likely be lost within 80–200 years. Thresholds for the effect of conifer encroachment and browsing on aspen regeneration identified through this research are similar to those described by others across the West. We therefore suggest that the results presented for the Owyhee Plateau are likely applicable to semi-arid aspen woodlands across the American West where succession to conifers is a cause of aspen decline.  相似文献   
10.
自然变温条件下小菜蛾年生活史及群体生长发育的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在变温条件下连续饲养观察小菜蛾两年,摸清了小菜蛾每年可发生12代,发育起点温度C为2.2℃,有效积温K为613.58日度。测算了每一代每头的平均产卵量。结合当地气温资料对小菜蛾的生长发育、冬季活动状况、全年田间虫口变动趋势进行了分析和讨论。  相似文献   
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