激光技术在木材无损检测中的应用

本文总结了用于木材中的无损检测技术 ,着重论述了几种常用的激光无损检测技术在木材中应用的可能性     

飞秒激光微加工中热熔化与热传递现象研究

对飞秒激光能量密度为0.108~28.68J/cm2范围内加工的硅孔表面形貌尺寸进行分析,同时对热传递现象进行研究。理论分析了飞秒激光加工区域热传导时间及温度分布,并将其与实验测量值进行对比,验证了热影响的存在。通过理论与实验分析说明了在高能量飞秒激光加工中热传递现象不可避免,并获得了较好的孔加工质量的激光能量合理参数。     

灰铸铁生产技术的一些新进展

对灰铸铁的研究现状和生产中的一些新技术做了评述。重点介绍了高强度薄壁灰铸铁的生产现状以及先进的制造工艺和先进的制造手段在灰铸铁生产中应用所取得的技术成果。     

齿轮激光淬火工艺及性能研究

采用快速轴流CO2激光器的低阶光束模式和轴向分齿扫描方式，可一次扫描整个齿廓，并获得沿齿廓理想分布的硬化带形状，在优化工艺参数的基础上，对20CrMnTi齿轮进行激光淬火，处理结果为：表明为细针状马氏体组织，硬度为HRC61，硬化层深为0.6mm，且硬化层浓度上的硬度分布几乎无变化梯度，可有效地提高齿轮的耐磨性和接触疲劳强度，齿面的激光淬火解决了常规齿轮渗碳工艺中存在的变形难题，可省去后面的磨齿工序，降低生产成本。     

板材三维曲面的无模多点闭环成形技术

基于具有并行调形功能的多点快速曲面造型系统和自主开发的激光扫描测量机，提出了三维板类件多点闭环精确造型的概念，并应用PID控制算法进行了多点闭环成形实验，得到了符合设计要求的工件形状。讨论了三维板类件多点成形逆向工程的实现问题。     

喷嘴雾化特性的PDPA实验研究进展

喷嘴雾化在能源动力、化工、农业和环境工程中有非常广泛的应用，研究喷嘴雾化的流动特性是两相流研究中一个重要课题。对粒度分布等雾化特性的研究，有助于对喷嘴雾化机理的了解以及雾化结构的优化。本文简要介绍了PDPA基本原理和研究状况，综述了应用PDPA测量喷嘴雾化特性的实验研究进展，并提出了对此研究的展望。     

激光高速摄影测试装置设计的关键技术

主要介绍了对内燃机燃烧过程进行可视化测试的激光高速摄影装置设计过程中的几个关键技术,针对光学内燃机的改造设计、光学系统设计、同步控制系统设计以及激光器的选用和光学玻璃的配置、加工、使用等方面对高速摄影记录效果分析的影响,提出了相应的技术措施。     

激光控制平地系统设计与试验分析

开发了用于农田平地的激光接收与控制装置、液压调节装置、平地铲等。利用该系统与Trimble公司的激光控制平地系统进行了平地对比试验。试验结果表明，该系统工作性能稳定，与国产中等功率拖拉机液压动力输出匹配较好。     

Sedimentary aggregates in the Peoria Loess of Nebraska, USA

Loess grain size data used to infer transport direction or wind strength are generally derived from vigorously disaggregated samples. However, these data may not adequately represent the effective particle size distribution during loess transport, if the transported dust contained aggregates of fine-grained material. Thin sections of minimally altered C and BC horizons in the late Pleistocene Peoria Loess of Nebraska, USA, indicate the presence of aggregates with diameters of 30–1000 μm. The larger aggregates (>250 μm) are unlikely to have been transported, and are interpreted as the result of soil faunal activity and other pedogenic processes after deposition. Aggregates smaller than 250 μm could have a similar origin, but laser diffraction particle size analysis suggests that many are sedimentary particles. Comparison of minimally and fully dispersed particle size distributions from each sampling site was used to estimate the modal diameter of aggregates. The aggregate modal diameter becomes finer with decreasing loess thickness, representing increasing distance from the source. A similar trend was observed in the modal diameter of fully dispersed particle size distributions, which represents the mode of sand and silt transported as individual grains. We interpret both trends as the result of sorting during transport, supporting the interpretation that many of the aggregates were transported rather than formed in place. Aggregate content appears to increase with distance from the source, explaining a much more rapid downwind increase in clay content than would be expected if clay were transported as particles smaller than 2 μm diameter. Although the Peoria Loess of Nebraska contains sedimentary aggregates, many of the coarse silt and sand grains in this loess were transported as primary particles, were thoroughly exposed to sunlight and are potentially well suited for luminescence dating.     

基于激光反射的土壤表面粗糙度测量装置设计与试验

为了实时获取土壤表面粗糙度数据,设计了一种基于激光三角测距原理的土壤表面粗糙度专用测量装置.采用激光扫描测距仪测量微位移,其精度高、响应速度快,测距分辨力高达0.1 mm,显著提高了土壤表面粗糙度的测量精度;借助于光电编码盘和螺杆组合实现高精度扫描定位;PDA作为上位机,农田环境下具有方便携带,大容量存储数据和智能化实时处理功能等优点.