外界生态因子对油茶品质影响的研究

对21个地区58个油茶物种(或优良品种)进行了含油率、脂肪酸组成、碘值和粗蛋白质等化学品质的分析。通过选取14个不同地区的普通油茶(Camellia oleifera Abel)的品质与19个生态因子进行多元线性逐步回归分析,揭示了不饱和脂肪酸含量与纬度成明显的正相关;种仁蛋白质含量与8、9月份的降雨量呈负相关的趋势。品质之间的相关分析表明:不饱和脂肪酸含量与蛋白质含量存在明显的负相关关系;不同物种之间,其不饱和脂肪酸含量与果实的大小成负相关。     

碘、锌在平菇中富集量的研究

本试验采用饱和Ｄ—最优设计，求得碘、锌富集量的二次数学模型。经优选其添加剂的最佳组合浓度碘为３０４．３３ｍｇ／ｋｇ，锌为６００．２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ。该组合不仅能增产，而且还可获取较高的碘、锌富集量。     

8个品种草莓盆栽果实维生素C含量的测定

[目的]探讨草莓果实中维生素C含量测定的最佳方法,并测定几个品种草莓盆栽果实的维生素C含量.[方法]维生素C是优质草莓品种筛选的重要指标,用碘量法对盆栽的8个草莓品种果实维生素C的含量进行了测定.[结果]试验表明,8个品种草莓的维生素C含量从高到低依次为:红颜(1 180.0 mg/kg)、鸡心(1 165.0 mg/kg)、章姬(606.3 mg/kg)、甜查理(569.2 mg/kg)、奶香(534.6mg/kg)、日本19号(517.4 mg/kg)、明星(456.1 mg/kg)、二公主(440.8 mg/kg).[结论]研究对原有的测定草莓果实中维生素C含量的方法进行了改进,并为盆栽优质草莓品种的筛选提供了重要的理论依据.     

Epidemiology and diagnosis of subclinical iodine deficiency in crossbred cattle of Punjab.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of iodine deficiency in crossbred cows (taurus x indicus) of Punjab and to assess the diagnostic value of the plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones, total cholesterol and free fatty acids in iodine deficiency. The efficacy of ethiodised oil, as a long-term supplement of iodine, was also evaluated. PROCEDURES: Base-line survey of iodine status was conducted by measuring plasma inorganic iodine (PII) concentration in 48 crossbred cows from 31 dairy units. Concentrations of plasma triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), total cholesterol and free fatty acids were compared between iodine deficient and normal cows. Circulating T4 and T3 concentrations were also determined before and after injection of ethiodised oil in cows with low PII levels. RESULTS: The mean prevalence of iodine deficiency was 35.9% and showed considerable geographical variation from 0 to 86% within Punjab. Cardinal clinical signs of iodine deficiency were absent and basal plasma T3 and T4 concentrations and their ratio did not differ between deficient and control cows. Activity of circulating T4 and T4:T3 ratio increased in response to ethiodised oil injection and persisted beyond 70 days after injection. CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic iodine deficiency is prevalent in crossbred cows of Punjab and response to iodine supplementation is the most reliable index of thyroid dysfunction associated with iodine deprivation. The results of this study also support the view that injection of 1 mL of 78% ethiodised oil can prevent iodine deficiency for more than 70 days.     

氯铵T-四碱体系测定土壤中碘量稳定性的探讨

从氯铵T-四碱体系测定碘量的反应机理入手,对影响该体系测定土壤中碘量稳定性的因素进行了研究.研究表明,通过加入抗坏血酸可以获得较好的测定稳定性.     

日粮铁碘水平对蛋中铁碘含量及蛋品质的影响

为评价高铁高碘日粮对蛋铁碘含量及蛋品质的作用,以含铁25mg ·kg -1 ,碘0 .5m g ·kg - 1 日粮( 对照组) ,铁525m g ·kg -1 ,磺50mg ·kg - 1 日粮( 试验Ⅰ组) ,铁1025m g ·kg - 1 ,碘100mg ·kg -1 日粮( 试验Ⅱ组) 饲喂278 日龄罗曼蛋鸡8 周,观察蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋铁碘含量的变化。结果表明,与对照组比较,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组蛋黄铁含量提高了77 % 和124% ,蛋白铁含量提高了6.03 % 和8.59 % ,蛋黄碘含量增加了13.95 倍和17 .62 倍, 蛋白碘含量增加了1.21 倍和1 .87 倍。试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血浆铁含量提高了1.15倍和1 .42 倍,血浆碘含量增加了1.53 倍和2 .01 倍。各组间蛋品质无显著差异,但高铁高碘日粮引起蛋鸡生产性能下降。试验结果提示,通过高铁高碘日粮可以大幅度提高蛋中铁碘含量,产蛋母鸡是日粮中铁碘向蛋中转运的良好载体。本试验未发现日粮中高铁高碘之间具有互相协同或互相颉颃作用。     

Rotifers enriched with iodine,copper and manganese had no effect on larval cod (Gadus morhua) growth,mineral status or redox system gene mRNA levels

It currently remains unclear if rotifers contain sufficient mineral levels to meet larval fish requirements. In this study, rotifers were enriched with a commercial enrichment (control), or with additional iodine, iodine and copper, or iodine, copper and manganese, and the effects of feeding these rotifers to Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae from 3 to 18 days post hatch were investigated. Rotifer enrichment with minerals was successful, but Mn enrichment also increased rotifer zinc levels. No differences were observed between treatments in larval growth or survival, or in the mRNA levels in the majority of the redox system genes analysed. Only Zn levels increased in cod larvae in response to mineral enrichment of rotifers. Apart from Zn, little evidence was found to suggest that cod larvae require increased concentrations above the control rotifer levels of the essential elements studied here.     

褪色光度法测定酱类食品中的碘含量

[目的]探讨用二甲基黄褪色光度法测定酱类食品中微量碘的方法。[方法]将待测的酱类样品在碱性条件下进行灰化,碘被还原后与碱金属结合生成碘化物,再用溴水将碘化物定量氧化物碘酸钾,然后在酸性条件下,以溴化钾为催化剂,利用IO3-的氧化性使二甲基黄褪色,从而测定酱类食品中微量碘。[结果]在硫酸介质中,碘酸根对二甲基黄有褪色作用,且褪色程度与碘酸根的量在一定范围成正比关系。通过试验,确定了最佳试剂的用量：硫酸为3.50 ml,二甲基黄溶液为6.00 ml,溴化钾为3.00 ml;确定了最佳反应温度为90℃,反应时间为4 min。标准曲线表明,在最大吸收波长510 nm处,碘测定的线性范围在0～1μg/ml。[结论]该方法重现性好,准确度高,操作简便,用于酱类食品中碘含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

乳酸介质中麦草浆纤维素的降解及其结构的变化

[目的]为利用纤维素制备热塑性高分子材料提供依据。[方法]在一定温度下,将预处理后的原料（干燥麦草浆）浸入一定量的乳酸中,搅拌一定时间后干燥至恒重,研究温度、时间对纤维素聚合度和碘吸附值的影响,并分析麦草浆纤维素在乳酸介质中化学结构的变化。[结果]温度高于30℃时,纤维素开始降解,且温度越高,纤维素降解越剧烈。温度和搅拌时间对纤维素聚合度和碘吸附值的影响较大,而乳酸用量对其影响较小。红外谱图和X-衍射图谱分析结果表明,60℃之前,麦草浆在乳酸介质中主要发生物理溶胀和少量的降解;超过70℃后,麦草浆除发生降解外,还可能伴随着化学反应,但纤维素的晶型未发生改变。[结论]该研究为纤维素在乳酸介质中的改性提供了资料。     

碘对樱桃番茄开花结果和产量的影响

在深液流水培的营养液中添加不同浓度的碘离子(I-)作为处理,研究碘对樱桃番茄开花结果和产量的影响。结果表明:碘处理的植株第3～5花序的着生节位分别比对照低2～3个节位;2.0mg.L-1碘处理和高浓度(5.0～6.0mg.L-1)碘处理的果实比对照提前5～8d成熟;1.0～4.0mg.L-1碘处理的坐果率与对照均无显著差异,而高浓度(5.0～6.0mg.L-1)碘处理的坐果率显著低于对照;低浓度(1.0～2.0mg.L-1)碘处理的花数、果数和产量均显著高于对照,而高浓度(5.0～6.0mg.L-1)碘处理的产量则显著低于对照;单果质量随着碘处理浓度的增高而降低,但是1.0～3.0mg.L-1碘处理与对照差异不显著。综合以上结果,在樱桃番茄栽培上以1.0～2.0mg.L-1的碘离子供给浓度最适宜。