General Nexus Between Water and Electricity Use and Its Implication for Urban Agricultural Sustainability:A Case Study of Shenzhen, South China

Although water and energy resources are well-recognized concerns regarding economic and social development sustainability, little specific research has focused on both water and energy problems at the same time. This study analyzed the water and electricity-use patterns in Shenzhen, South China during 2001-2009. A curve regression method was used to examine the relationship between water and electricity use per gross domestic product (GDP) in Shenzhen and its three sectors, i.e., agriculture, industry & construction, and residential life & services. Results showed that agriculture only covered less than 10% of water and electricity use in Shenzhen, while industry & construction and residential life & services accounted for more than 90% of water and electricity use in Shenzhen, which coincided with the city’s industrial structure. The water and electricity use per GDP in agriculture was the biggest among three sectors in Shenzhen during 2001-2009, which means inefficiency of water and electricity use in agriculture. Due to transitioning to advanced materials and manufacturing, both water and electricity use per GDP in industry & construction decreased during 2001-2009 and their utilization efficiencies gradually increased over time. The same held true for those in residential life & services transformed toward modern business, creative culture, finance services, etc. Derived from the survival of the fittest in competing for limited water and electricity resources, agriculture in Shenzhen has been gradually substituted by industry & construction and residential life & services, with much higher efficiencies of water and electricity use. And traditional agriculture will not be sustainable in the process of urbanization and industrialization, except high-tech intensive agriculture with low water and energy cost. Furthermore, by means of curve regression, we found that there was a significant quadratic relationship between water use per GDP and electricity use per GDP in the entire city and its three sectors. Suitable industrial transformation and advancement was a very effective way to save water and energy for modern cities. This can provide some reference for systematic planning and design of water and electricity allocation and use in agriculture, industry & construction and residential life & services in a city.     

河北省耕地面积变化与经济增长关系分析

采用河北省1978-2006年的统计资料,分析了河北省耕地面积变化以及经济增长过程,选取耕地面积和人均GDP为指标,定量分析了耕地面积和经济增长之间的关系。结果表明,1978年以来河北省经济迅速增长,与此同时耕地面积却呈总体下降趋势;随着人均GDP的增加,耕地面积变化呈乘幂减少的趋势。在此基础上提出了继续强化耕地资源管理,尤其是强化建设占用耕地管理的建议。     

全州县域经济增长个案分析

本研究回顾了全州经济发展历史,分析全州1950年至2009年这60年间经济取得的成就和存在的问题,对全州经济与全国经济发展水平进行比较,找出全州经济与全国经济发展水平的差距.在分析比较全州经济历史的基础上,提出全州工业化和城市化相结合的发展机制,探索适合全州经济增长的路径.     

我国农产品加工业“十一五”发展状况及“十二五”发展趋势浅析

"十一五"期间,我国农产品加工业快速发展,平均增长速度为24.18%,成为国民经济中最具活力的产业之一,在促进农民就业和农业增效等方面发挥了积极的作用,有力促进了农业产业化和农业的可持续发展。根据1993年—2009年《中国统计年鉴》提供的数据,比较分析认为按照目前的发展速度,我国农产品加工业有望在"十二五"期间达到发展中国家的领先水平,接近工业化国家的中下等水平。     

灰色GM(1,1)预测模型及其在甘肃省GDP预测中的应用

在简要介绍灰色预测方法GM(1,1)模型的构造与检验的基础上,对甘肃省近年来GDP的数据进行分析,建立了GM(1,1)预测模型,应用残差检验和后验差检验两种方法对模型进行检验,实证检验表明,预测模型可靠,精度较高。应用模型预测得出2011年甘肃省的GDP将突破5000亿,结论具有一定的参考价值。     

福建省财政收人与三大产业GDP的协整分析与误差修正模型研究

文章利用协整理论．根据福建省197842007年度数据．对福建省财政收入与三大产业GDP之间的关系进行实证研究．研究结果表明：（1）福建省财政收入与三次产业GDP之间存在着长期均衡的协整关系和短期动态调整机制：（2）福建省财政收人对第一产业GDP的弹性大于1,而对第二产业GDP和第三产业GDP的弹性小于1;（3）根据Granger因果关系检验．第一产业GDP和第二产业GDP不是财政收入的Granger因．财政收入也不是第一产业GDP和第二产业GDP的Granger因。在滞后期为1的情况下,第三产业GDP是财政收入的Granger困,但财政收入不是第三产业GDP的Granger因．     

我国供方贫困线的实证研究

兼顾政府的经济实力（供方）和贫困群体的实际生活状况（需方）来确定贫困线更符合我国实情。参照7个发达国家历史上人均GDP指标与贫困线之间的关系,建立5个供方贫困线预测模型。依据数据本身、我国国际地位、我国经济实力和党中央和谐社会的发展目标等原则选择一个最佳模型。若采用美国模型,2008年我国供方贫困线为年人均18972元。     

山东半岛丘陵区典型流域影响河流径流的人文因素分析

采用S技术根据1:250 000地形图生成DEM,确定出大沽夹河流域.通过选择烟台市大沽夹河流域内人口数量(总人口、非农业人口)、国内生产总、各产业总产值(第一产业总值、第二产业总值、第三产业总值)等6个因子,采用灰色关联分析,揭示了各因素对径流量的影响.关联分析表明,各因素与径流量的关联系数分别为:0.715 59、0.770 47、0.705 65、0.724 79、0.699 24、0.694 82,对关联程度进行排序为:非农业人口>第一产业>总人口>国内生产总值>第二产业>第三产业,并由此讨论了烟台市水资源可持续利用的对策.     

中国薪材利用的影响因素分析

分析了中国薪材利用的基本状况,指出中国薪材资源总体而言是在不断减少的,农村人口不同程度地缺少薪材。其次,文章利用时间序列数据对中国薪材消费与相关变量之间的相关关系进行分析,认为在影响薪材利用的相关因素中,与薪材消费相关性由强到弱的因素是乡村人口、人均GDP和人均商品性能源消费量。     

International Comparison of the Relationship between Outflow FDI and Economic Growth and Its Inspiration to China

International direct investment improved the world economic development greatly, and the level of capital transaction of a country indicates its degree of integration into world economy. In China, there exists a serious unbalance between outflow FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and inflow FDI, and the former is of a extremely small scale. The relationship between outflow FDI and a country's economic development, as well as the relationship between outflow FDI and TFP (Total Factor Productivity) growth rate is analyzed with international comparison and econometrics model. The results show that a obvious positive correlation between outflow FDI and GNP exists, and outfolw FDI of a country improves its GNP growth a lot. Meanwhile, as to the contribution elasticity to TFP, outflwo FDI is much higher than international trade. It is revealed that China not only has necessities, but also has great potentialities to invest in foreign countries. Finally some suggestions are put forward.