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Agricultural extension is an approach to rural development and agricultural transformation in which training, demonstration and technology transfer are key to reducing rural poverty, ensuring food security, and sustainably managing natural resources. During recent decades, different extension approaches have been tested and validated by the Ethiopian government and non-governmental organizations to stimulate participation in the agricultural extension system (AES). The most recent was a German-funded project entitled “Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project” (ISFM+), which employed a novel approach to piloting and upscaling proven technology and best practice. The purpose of this study was to analyze and document the modalities of ISFM+ and illustrate its effects on technology uptake and dissemination. The study used a mixed methods approach to collect data. ATLAS.ti and SPSS were used for data management and analysis. Farmer Research and Extension Groups and Farmer Field Schools were found to be central to the participation process. Also, the ISFM+ was found to aid technology transfer and helped to increase grain and residue yields as well as farmer livelihoods. Based on these empirical findings, it is argued that the ISFM+ approach and technology should be integrated and institutionalized in the mainstream AES in order to promote their extensive application. 相似文献
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基于安徽省120家农民合作社金融服务需求的问卷调查,分析了安徽省农民合作社金融产品与服务的需求状况。结果表明,随着农民合作社的迅速发展,金融产品与服务需求强烈,呈现阶段化、多样化特征,供求也表现出显著的不匹配现象,成为制约农民合作社成长壮大的重要现实问题。基于需求分析,提出了强化需求导向、政策引导、财政支持、教育支撑等对策建议。 相似文献
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农民专业合作社发展困境和出路选择——以安徽省太和县王庄养鸡协会为例 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过对安徽省太和县王庄养鸡协会的个案分析,探讨了农民专业合作社发展的困境,并提出了相应的建议,即:加强合作社外部的制度建设,完善合作社自身的组织建设,建立科学合理的运行机制。 相似文献
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Grain legumes play an important role in community livelihood and in the national economy in Kenya. Unfortunately, in many African countries, production doesn't satisfy the demand in grains due to various constrains. Understanding farmers practices and behavior in the management of grain legume pests is a crucial step in the development of sustainable management strategies. A total of 216 farmers were surveyed in eight districts of eastern Kenya to evaluate farmers' knowledge and perceptions of grain legume pests; to examine current pest management practices, and to identify other production constraints. Grain legumes are grown by a wide age-group of farmers, with both genders equally represented. Chemical control remains the main pest management strategy, and, to ensure pesticide effectiveness, farmers also use increased application rates, chemical alternation, frequent application and mixtures of chemicals. While farmers used other control measures, they showed only limited interest in biological control. The majority of the farmers had experience in grain legume farming and were able to identify the major pests, which were the legume flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom, the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch and the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata Fabricius. Our survey revealed that education and proximity to extension services contributed significantly to farmers' knowledge of grain legume pests, suggesting the need to provide continuous training and capacity building on integrated pest management in grain legume farming. The study also suggests integration of other pest management strategies such as the use of early maturing varieties, biopesticides and biofertilizer to reduce the use of chemical for sustainable pest management. 相似文献
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Arable land in western Kenya is under considerable pressure from increasing human population. Rural households depend on farming for at least part of their livelihood, and poverty rates are among the highest in Kenya. Land is often depleted of nutrients, and for most farmers, access to inputs and markets is poor. There is a need to identify options that are manageable within the context of the farmer’s resource base and the household’s objectives that could improve farm household well-being. In this study we integrated qualitative informal participatory approaches with quantitative mathematical programming and biophysical simulation modelling. Households in four sub-locations in Vihiga District were clustered and pilot cases identified. Meetings were held with farmers to elicit their perceptions of what their ideal farm would look like, and how its performance might compare with their own farm’s performance. With farmers’ help, a range of scenarios was analysed, relating to changes in current enterprise mixes, changes in current farm sizes, and changes in prices of staples foods and cash crops. A considerable mismatch was found between farmers’ estimates of their own farm’s performance, and what was actually produced. There seems to be a threshold in farm size of 0.4 ha, below which it is very difficult for households to satisfy their income and food security objectives. Even for larger farms whose households are largely dependent on agriculture, the importance of a cash crop in the system is critical. There is a crucial role for extension services in making farmers aware of the potential impacts on farm revenue of modest changes in their farm management systems. We are monitoring nine households in the district, whose farmers have made some changes to their system in an attempt to increase household income and enhance food security. 相似文献
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农民创业活动已成为推动农村经济发展和农村城镇化进程的重要动力源泉,创业资源的获取是制约农民创业者的关键因素,而社会网络影响着农民创业过程中社会资源的配置,因此探讨农民获取创业资源的社会网络途径和机制有着重要的意义。运用问卷调查和统计分析的办法,就社会网络对农民创业者获取创业资源的影响作了分析,将农民创业者的社会网络按其关系密度进行了分类,深入分析了该社会网络的规模、密度、动态性和差异性,研究发现不同类型的社会网络在农民创业者获取资源过程中作用各有不同。 相似文献
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农民是农业和农村的主题,发展农民职业教育是解决“三农”问题的关键。指出了发展农民职业教育的重要性;分析了当前中国农民职业教育发展的现状,并提出了加快农民职业教育发展必须在全社会加大宣传教育力度,树立健康向上的职业观和人才观,发挥各级政府的主导作用,发挥中等、高等农业职业院校和普通高等农林高校的作用,才能为农业培养大批技术管理带头人才,为农村劳动力向城镇(城市)转移创造条件。 相似文献