盘龙七中儿茶素的含量测定

[目的]建立HPLC测定盘龙七中儿茶素含量的方法。[方法]采用超声波辅助提取,HPLC法测定,色谱条件为：色谱柱为Kroma-sil-C18（4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm）,流动相为无水甲醇-水-冰醋酸（15：84：1,V/V/V）,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为276 nm。[结果]儿茶素的线性范围为0.624～3.12 μg/ml（r=0.9993）,平均回收率为100.05%,RSD为1.73%（n=6）。[结论]该测定方法简便、准确,可用于盘龙七中儿茶素的含量测定。     

棉花纤维中木质素的相对分子量

分子量是聚合物的重要特性之一,木质素的分子量及其分布是研究苯丙烷类结构的反应、物理化学特性和评价其改性产物质量的内容之一。本研究以陆地棉TM-1成熟纤维为材料,分别利用酶解-温和酸解木质素法和二氧六环法提取棉纤维中木质素,结合凝胶渗透色谱法(gel permeation chromatography,GPC)调查和评价2种方法获得的棉纤维中木质素的相对分子量。结果表明,经二氧六环处理提取的棉花纤维中的木质素(dioxane lignin,DL)的重均分子量为2924g mol~(–1)、数均分子量2403 g mol~(–1),略高于由酶解-温和酸解处理提取的木质素(enzymatic hydrolysis-mild acidolysis lignin,EMAL)的重均分子量(2169 g mol~(–1))和数均分子量(1970 g mol~(–1)),EMAL的多分散系数稍低,说明木质素的均一性比DL高。表明EMAL法提取的木质素更适用于分析棉纤维中木质素的相对分子量。利用EMAL法分析棉纤维中木质素相对分子量表明,不同棉花品种的木质素重均分子量分布范围为938~2169 g mol~(–1),数均分子量分布范围为857~1970 g mol~(–1),多分散性系数在1.09~1.74间,均小于2。重均分子量与纤维马克隆值呈显著负相关,数均分子量与纤维长度呈显著负相关,与纤维马克隆值呈极显著负相关。     

油炸处理对胡椒鲜果中精油成分的影响

为研究油炸处理对胡椒鲜果中胡椒精油化学成分的影响,从不同油炸料油比、油炸温度和油炸时间进行研究。经检测分析鉴定出未经油炸处理胡椒鲜果精油中18种化学物质,料油比1:1、1:1.5、1:2、1:2.5和1:3时胡椒精油分别检测出28、22、27、24和25种化学物质;油炸温度为90、100、110、120、130℃时胡椒精油分别鉴定出21、26、22、25和23种化学物质;油炸时间为1、2、3、4、5 min时胡椒精油分别含有29、22、23、21和25种化学物质。研究发现,不同油炸处理均使胡椒鲜果精油的化学物质成分增加,主要化学成分为石竹烯、3-蒈烯、D-柠檬烯、左旋-β-蒎烯、α-水芹烯和α-蒎烯等。     

Arthrographis kalrae soluble antigens present hemolytic and cytotoxic activities

Arthrographis kalrae is a dimorphic, cosmopolitan and neurotropic fungus that has been described as a rare human pathogen. This study investigated the hemolytic and cytotoxic activities of A. kalrae cell-free antigens (CFAs). Total CFAs and their Sephadex chromatography fractions were tested on mouse erythrocytes for hemolysis and on the P3U1 cell line for cytotoxicity. Hemolytic and cytotoxic activities were detected in distinct molecular mass (MM) fractions. Additionally, antibodies against isogenic erythrocytes sensitized with CFAs (anti-E-CFAs) inhibited hemolysis but not cytotoxicity. Hemolysis was not affected by heating, and a higher reactivity was detected in the carbohydrate-rich fractions, which decreased after reduction by periodate treatment. The pioneering nature of this work is due to the demonstration of the cytotoxic activity in A. kalrae and the suggestion that this activity may be due to molecules distinct from the hemolytic factor, with the latter potentially being a component with a high MM.     

基于近红外光谱法无损检测芦柑表面多种农药残留研究

以表面喷施不同浓度梯度的乙酰甲胺磷和毒死蜱混合农药的芦柑为研究对象。把两种农药以1:1比例混合,然后用自来水配置成1:100、1:300、1:500三种浓度农药溶液,分别喷施在192个芦柑表面上。采集近红外光谱数据后,应用NY/T761―2008方法 ,通过SP―6890气象色谱仪检测芦柑表面两种农药的残留量。对所得数据分别采用多元散射校正(MSC)和标准正态变量变换(SNV)两种光谱预处理方法 ,并结合联合区间偏最小二乘法(SiPLS)建立农药残留预测模型。结果表明:采用MSC的光谱预处理方法时建立的乙酰甲胺磷预测模型较优,其预测集相关系数R为0.8199;而采用SNV的光谱预处理时建立的SiPLS毒死蜱预测模型较优,其预测集相关系数为0.8434。可见,应用近红外光谱技术定量检测芦柑表面多种农药残留是可行的。     

芽孢杆菌的DNA碱基组分分析

用高效液相色谱法 (HPLC)测定了用传统分类学方法归于巨大芽孢杆菌、球形芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、蕈状芽孢杆菌的一些菌株的DNA碱基组成 .检测菌株与标准菌株G Cmol%误差在种内各菌株间的G Cmol%误差 (4 %～ 5 %左右 )范围内 .而用HPLC测定标准菌株G Cmol%与文献上解链温度法 (Tm)测得的数值相差不大     

焦化厂周围农业土壤中芳烃类物质的污染状况

通过实地采样 ,分析了炼焦地区的环境空气质量,同时用气相色谱法分析了焦化厂周围农业土壤中的多环芳烃类污染物的含量。结果表明:①焦炭生产地区TSP、SO2 和BaP日均最大值超过GB3095 -1996二级标准值的10、2.5和11.1倍。②焦化厂周围农业土壤受焦化厂气质污染物排放的影响 ,土壤中苯系物含量较高 ,其中苯的含量为6.148～11.96mg/kg,甲苯含量为1.56～5.238mg/kg,二甲苯含量为7.118～9.688mg/kg。焦化厂厂区植物叶片覆盖物中苯系物含量最高 ,含苯36.8mg/kg,甲苯10.22mg/kg ,二甲苯41.43mg/kg。     

Role of exogenous phytohormones on growth and plumbagin accumulation in Plumbago indica hairy roots and conservation of elite root clones via synthetic seeds

The present study describes the role of different exogenous hormones on morphology and plumbagin production in Plumbago indica hairy roots. It was also aimed to conserve elite root clones via synthetic seed technology. Insertion of rolB gene in transformed roots was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction followed by southern blot analysis. Hairy roots were treated with single or in combination of different phytohormones viz. IAA, IBA, 2, 4-D, NAA, BAP, GA₃ and ABA. Cultures incubated with GA₃ (0.5 mg l⁻¹) yielded highest root growth due to formation of profuse lateral branching while NAA (0.5 mg l⁻¹) treatment caused highest plumbagin accumulation. Cultures incubated with 2, 4-D exhibited highest inhibitory effect in terms of both root growth and plumbagin production. All phytohormones were found to be effective at lower concentration. In combinatorial study, GA₃ + NAA (0.5 mg l⁻¹, each) was found optimum for root biomass and plumbagin production at earlier stage of culture. Different combinations of auxins and BAP induced different morphologies ranging from reduction of lateral branching to rapid disorganization of root matrix. The combinations of ABA and selected auxins were not found promising at any of selected concentration. Based on the effect of exogenous hormones on hairy root culture, elite root clones were selected and encapsulated with sodium alginate matrix. Uniform shaped alginate coated synthetic seeds were conserved up to 6 months exhibited high regeneration potential without disturbing plumbagin content.     

三甲基氯硅烷涂层毛细管胶束电动色谱法测定苯甲酸和邻苯二甲酸

[目的]建立测定苯甲酸和邻苯二甲酸含量的毛细管胶束电动色谱涂层新方法。[方法]采用三甲基氯硅烷涂层的毛细管胶束t动色谱一紫外二极管阵列检测的新方法来分离测定饮料中的苯甲酸和实验室废水中的苯甲酸和邻笨二甲酸，考察了波长、pH值、缓≯介质和电压等因素对苯甲酸和邻苯二甲酸分离测定的影响。[结果]以20mmol／LSDS＋35retool／L硼砂（pH值9．5）为运行缓冲液，_检测波长为210nm，分离电压为14kV条件下，苯甲酸和邻苯二甲酸在3min内实现分离，在2～800μg/L范围内两者峰高与浓度有J好的线性关系，其相关系数分别为0．9993和0．9999，迁移时间的RSD分别为2．65％和3．69％，峰高的RSD分别是3．12％和4．52％，j出限分别为0．1067和0．1213μg／ml。[结论]该测定方法具有试样用量少、操作简捷、灵敏度和准确性好的特点，为防腐剂的分析提4了有效的检测方法。     

不同年份刺五加中刺五加苷B含量分析

[目的]对不同生长年限刺五加根皮和茎皮中刺五加苷B含量进行测定，为合理开发、利用这一药用植物资源提供理论依据。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法，色谱柱为ODS—C18（4．6mm×250mm，5μm），流动相为乙腈：水（20：80），研究不同生长年限刺五加茎皮和根皮中刺五加苷B含量的变化规律。[结果]刺五加茎皮中刺五加苷B的含量高于根皮，且茎皮中刺五加苷B的含量与生长年限呈正相关而根皮中变化不大。[结论]该研究可为刺五加最适宜采收年限及最佳药用部位的确定提供参考。