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1.
富硒土壤生物转硒技术的研究进展   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
印遇龙  颜送贵  王鹏祖  白苗苗  刘红南 《土壤》2018,50(6):1072-1079
本文论述了生物转硒技术的应用价值和意义,总结了有机硒生成的专利和生物转硒的技术特点,并对生物转硒技术的发展进行了展望。  相似文献   
2.
中国林业生物能源开发优势与发展机遇   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
开发林业生物资源、发展新的能源产业,已成为解决能源问题的重要途径之一。本文从资源状态、技术水平、市场前景和开发潜力方面分析总结了中国林业生物质能源的开发优势,从全球环境、政策支持和行业参与方面探讨了我国林业生物质能源的发展机遇,并从体制改革、科技创新和国际交流方面提出了加速中国林业生物质能源利用的对策。  相似文献   
3.
师宝忠  张磊  罗都强 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(16):8877-8878,9109
[目的]筛选能够转化鬼臼毒素的菌株,得到其转化产物并鉴定结构,以期为高抗肿瘤活性天然药物的获取和研究奠定基础。[方法]采用微生物分批转化法对鬼臼毒素进行结构修饰,利用薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法对鬼臼毒素及其转化产物进行检测,筛选出能够转化鬼臼毒素的菌株,将其中一株能够转化鬼臼毒素的菌株进行扩大培养,对其发酵液进行乙酸乙酯萃取、常规硅胶柱层析分离提取转化产物,应用现代波谱技术鉴定其转化产物结构。[结果]通过转化鬼臼毒素的研究,筛选出能转化鬼臼毒素的菌株为BS.Str-1、BS.Str-2、BS.Str-3、BS.Str-7、BS.Str-18、BS.Str-21和BS.Str-29;对BS.Str-21扩大培养,提取分离得到唯一的转化产物,经鉴定为苦鬼臼毒素。[结论]该研究表明通过生物转化的方法可以获得鬼臼毒素衍生物,该结果为高抗肿瘤活性天然药物的获取奠定了基础。  相似文献   
4.
[目的]考察了4种分离提取方法对生物转化液中转化产物11-α-羟基-坎利酮提取率的影响。[方法]4种分离提取方法分别为文献法、浸泡法、洗脱法和匀浆法。[结果]11-α-羟基-坎利酮主要游离于转化液或附着于菌丝体外表面,洗脱法和浸泡法对11-α-羟基-坎利酮具有较好的分离效果。采用400 ml乙酸乙酯洗脱,11-α-羟基-坎利酮提取率为96.0%;经乙酸乙酯浸泡90 min,11-α-羟基-坎利酮提取率达到98.8%。[结论]该方法简单高效,具有工业化应用潜力。  相似文献   
5.
[Objective] In order to study the anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of EGB fermentation extraction biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus.[Method]The free radical scavenging ability and reducing capacity of DPPH as well as inhibitory rate of nonenzymatic glycation reaction were measured targets for comparing changes of anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of fermentation lyophilizer and fermentation extraction before and after EGB fermention adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin. The EGB fermention was biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus.[Result]After adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin,the bioactive matters were concentrated and separated. The free radical scavenging rate,reducing capacity and inhibitory rate of nonenzymatic glycation reaction were increased significantly after adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin.[Conclusion]AB-8 macroporous resin could be used for preliminary concentration of EGB fermentation which was biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus.  相似文献   
6.
Effects of the broad-spectrum insecticide fipronil were investigated on a non-target insect living in the soil, the springtail Folsomia candida Willem. Fipronil induced a significant reduction in juvenile production (PNEC = 250 μg kg−1 dry soil), which seemed to be linked with an impact on the first stages of springtail development: juveniles and 7-day-old adults. These young organisms have a thinner integument, a smaller mass body and a weaker detoxification efficiency and were more sensitive than adults (14 days old) to fipronil and phenylpyrazole derivatives. Contact toxicity for juveniles was measured (LC50(96 h)) giving the following values: fipronil, 450 μg l−1; sulfone-fipronil, 430 μg l−1; sulfide-fipronil, 160 μg l−1. F. candida organisms were able to avoid contaminated food because phenylpyrazoles decreased food appetency. However, F. candida could bioaccumulate fipronil through trans-tegumental penetration (BAF96 h = 160) and its high biotransformation rate inside springtail bodies (1 ng fipronil metabolized day−1 individual−1) was suspected to increase this process. Under natural conditions, phenylpyrazoles risk assessment on springtails seems to be weak due to their capacity of avoiding high contaminated zones and their biochemical tolerance to this class of insecticides.  相似文献   
7.
Rice (Oryza sativa), a relatively tolerant species, and early watergrass (Echinochloa oryzoides; EWG), a relatively susceptible species, were exposed to 14C-labeled clomazone to determine accumulation, biotransformation, and mass balance. On a total mass basis, rice absorbed more clomazone than EWG (p < 0.05), but on a nmol/g basis, there was no significant difference between the two species (p > 0.05). Rice contained more extractable 14C residues (7.7 ± 0.5 vs. 4.8 ± 0.5 nmol in rice vs. EWG, respectively; p < 0.5), but the concentration in EWG was significantly higher (4.2 ± 0.5 vs. 1.8 ± 0.1 nmol/g in EWG vs. rice, respectively; p < 0.01). More metabolized residue was measured in EWG compared to rice (84.1% vs. 67.9%; p < 0.01). Both species produced hydroxylated forms, β-d-glucoside conjugates, and several other unidentified polar metabolites, but EWG generally produced higher metabolite concentrations. The concentration of the suspected active metabolite, 5-ketoclomazone, was significantly higher in EWG vs. rice (21 ± 2 vs. 5.7 ± 0.5 pmol/g, respectively; p < 0.01). Differences in sensitivity to clomazone between rice and EWG appear to be due to differential metabolism, but in this case the more susceptible EWG qualitatively and quantitatively metabolized more clomazone than the more tolerant rice. This is consistent with the action of a metabolically activated herbicide. This metabolic difference could be exploited to develop herbicide safeners for use with clomazone.  相似文献   
8.
[目的]以虾Y-器官微粒体7、8-脱氢酶催化胆固醇,制备7-脱氢胆固醇。[方法]通过单因素试验,研究影响转化反应的各种因素。[结果]将摘除眼柄的刀额新对虾(Metapenaeus ensis)Y-器官,匀浆、离心制备的微粒体酶液,于22℃与胆固醇避光反应6 h,可以积累相对较多的7-脱氢胆固醇。[结论]该研究为利用虾Y-器官7、8-脱氢酶转化胆固醇为7-脱氢胆固醇奠定基础。  相似文献   
9.
沼液对平菇菌丝生长及子实体产量的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以沼液为试验材料,研究了不同浓度沼液拌料对平菇菌丝生长、产量的影响。结果表明,沼液能改善培养料的营养,用25%、50%沼液拌料可促进平菇菌丝体的生长,菌丝生长势增强,污染率降低,产量分别比对照高23.5%、15.8%;用75%、100%沼液拌料也可降低污染率,平菇产量分别比对照高24%、8.7%,但菌丝的生长速度降低,出菇时间比对照晚4d~13d。  相似文献   
10.
潘明  徐轶婷  王世宽  许艳丽 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(9):4589-4591,4609
就生物转化的机理、研究现状等作一综述,阐述了利用生物转化技术改良中药材品质的可行性,并指出了该技术在中药活性成分的开发与利用方面拥有广阔的应用前景。  相似文献   
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