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1.
Kunio Shirakihara Masahiko Yoshida Machiko Nishino Yoshimi Takao Kouichi Sawada 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(3):430-435
SUMMARY: The vertical distribution of dwarf ayu Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis in the pelagic waters of Lake Biwa was evaluated from June to September in 1995–97 from eight acoustic surveys using a quantitative echosounder. In each survey, echoes from a depth range of 3 m to the sea bottom were collected at a station every 2.7 s for 24 h together with measurements of vertical profiles of water temperature and chlorophyll-a. The ayu's echoes were identified using an underwater video camera. The ayu were observed near the maximum chlorophyll-a depth and above the thermocline. Their density was highest at depths of 4–11 m with 2–4 individuals/m 3 and was almost zero below 20 m. Echo signs were recorded as having a frequent duration of more than 1 h at night, whereas were of a shorter duration in the day. The fish stay in the epilimnion during the day without any clear vertical migration, but are distributed more uniformly at night. The advantages of remaining in the epilimnion are discussed in terms of food availability and predator avoidance. 相似文献
2.
The aim of this study was to assess the PCB pollutionof the South-Western branch of Lake Como by using thezebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) as abioindicator since its recent reintroduction. Someenvironmental and physiological variables influencingaccumulation processes of organochlorine compounds inDreissena were investigated because climaticfactors may affect life cycle, reproductive stage andage. PCB levels were highest in the soft tissues ofDreissena close to the industrialized area ofComo (2298 ng g-1 of lipids) and slowly decrease goingnorth, reaching approximately half this value at theclosing section of the lake branch. Nonetheless, thePCB concentrations are well below the dangerous levelsfor the aquatic environment. 相似文献
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研究围垸养殖对洪湖自然保护区水质的影响,从浮游生物视角评价水质现状及发展规律,以期为洪湖自然保护区科学管理及水生态修复提供基础数据。2019年6月在洪湖自然保护区不同方位水面布设10个采样点,开展水质及浮游动植物现状调查和分析,计算生物多样性,并与环境因子做CCA分析。调查共检出浮游植物6门57属74种,以蓝藻门的微囊藻、硅藻门的颗粒直链藻、绿藻门的单角盘星藻为主要优势种;浮游动物61种,以萼花臂尾轮虫和广布中剑水蚤为主要优势种。浮游植物Shannon-Wiener生物多样性指数均值为2.26,浮游动物均值为2.12,水质为中度污染状态,但有重度污染的趋势。CCA分析表明,浮游植物分布与SD呈正相关,与WT、CODMn等呈负相关;部分轮虫及大部分原生动物与SD、As呈正相关,与WT、Chl-a等呈负相关。洪湖自然保护区水体处于中富营养型状态。围垸养殖会导致洪湖水体有机物沉积、水质恶化,并对浮游生物种类组成和数量产生重要影响。 相似文献
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- 1. This paper documents a diverse, reproducing freshwater mussel community (20 species) in Lower Lake — an impounded, regulated portion of the Little Tallahatchie River below Sardis Dam in Panola Co., Mississippi, USA.
- 2. Despite being regulated and impounded, the lake has a heterogeneous array of habitats that differ markedly in mussel community attributes. Four distinct habitat types were identified based on current velocity and substrate characteristics, representing a gradient from habitats having lotic characteristics to lentic habitats. All four habitat types supported mussels, but habitats most resembling unimpounded, lotic situations (relatively higher current velocity and coarser substrate) had the highest mussel abundance and species density (10.1 mussels m?2, 1.8 species m?2, respectively). Lentic habitats (no flow, fine substrate) were characterized by lower abundance and species density (2.0 mussels m?2, 0.8 species m?2, respectively), but supported mussel assemblages distinctive from lotic habitats.
- 3. Evidence of strong recent recruitment was observed for most species in the lake and was observed in all four habitat types.
- 4. Although impounded and regulated, Lower Lake represents one of the few areas of stable large‐stream habitat in the region. The presence of a diverse, healthy mussel community in this highly modified habitat suggests that a large component of the regional mussel fauna is relatively resilient and adaptable and is limited primarily by the absence of stable river reaches. Management actions that increase stream stability are likely to result in expansion of the mussel fauna and restoration of a valuable component of ecosystem function in this region.
7.
岱海表层沉积物中氮素的水平分布及环境意义 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
针对岱海湖泊富营养化日趋严重及其水域面积逐渐萎缩的现实,本文系统地研究了TN、NH4^+-N、NO3^--N和Org—N在岱海表层沉积物中的空间分布规律及其环境意义。结果表明,岱海表层沉积物中氮素的水平分布格局均体现出西北部、北部和东北部为高值区的特征,揭示出岱海的氮污染源主要分布于北岸和西北岸;岱海表层沉积物中氮的主要存在形式为有机氮,铵氮则为无机氮的主要存在形态;表层沉积物中全氮对底栖生物已经具有最低级别的生态毒性效应,对底栖生物群落及生态环境构成了威胁。 相似文献
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针对大海子水库放水涵洞闸门前承压段3道伸缩缝止水功能部分失效、伸缩缝漏水防渗处理等问题,采取聚合物砂浆封缝、灌注水溶性聚氨酯堵漏、手工聚脲材料护面防渗等处理,为聚脲防渗材料在水库放水涵洞工程中的应用提供借鉴和经验. 相似文献
10.
艾比湖流域绿洲稳定性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
毋兆鹏 《干旱区资源与环境》2008,22(6):44-50
20世纪50年代以来,艾比湖流域绿洲荒漠化过程加剧,绿洲萎缩,稳定性严重失衡。由于绿洲是一个典型的灰色系统。因此,文章在探讨了基于水资源、土壤资源和植被资源表征下艾比湖流域绿洲稳定性变化机理的基础上,利用灰色系统理论的方法对绿洲稳定性的驱动机制进行了研究,诊断并分析了各影响因子在不同表征下对绿洲稳定性的贡献作用大小。结果表明:绿洲内外过度的人为活动是稳定性变化的主导驱动因素,为拓展绿洲学研究的新思路提供了有益的探索。 相似文献