桃雄性不育的表现形式及其败育途径

研究了桃［Ｐｒｕｎｕｓ ｐｅｒｃｉｃａ Ｂａｔｓｃｈ（Ｌ．）］２３个品种花粉发生发育和花粉败育过程中细胞形态学上的变化特征。结果表明：桃雄性不育的主要表现形式为空粒花粉和花药空囊及花粉形似发育正常,但生活力极低。导致空粒花粉产生的主要途径：①花粉母细胞减数分裂不正常;②花粉处于单核晚期至二核早、中期绒毡层细胞发生液化、增生现象。空囊产生的主要途径：①四分体至单核早期绒毡层细胞体积发生明显的增大、液化;②绒毡层细胞在四分体至单核早期发生增生;③造胞细胞或花粉母细胞生长发育不良。     

Hybridization between Crassostrea hongkongensis and Crassostrea ariakensis at Different Salinities

To evaluate the survival and growth performance of hybrid larvae and juveniles, we conducted hybridization experiments between Crassostrea hongkongensis and Crassostrea ariakensis at three salinities (15, 23, and 30 ppt). Hybrid fertilization occurred in one direction (C. hongkongensis ♀ and C. ariakensis ♂), and the fertilization rates did not differ significantly among the three trial salinities. Molecular genetics analysis revealed that hybrid progenies were true hybrids. Hybrid juveniles survived better than C. hongkongensis juveniles at a salinity of 30 ppt. Hybrid larvae and juveniles showed intermediate growth between C. hongkongensis and C. ariakensis progenies. The growth of hybrid juveniles was significantly greater than that of C. hongkongensis juveniles at a salinity of 30 ppt. Overall, C. hongkongensis has a high economic value but favorable hatchery and farm of this species is restricted to lower salinity sites. Because the hybrids were shown to have greater growth and survival characteristics at high salinity, hybrids may be a more desirable candidate to be cultured in those areas of China with higher salinities, such as the Bohai Sea of China where the salinity is usually 30 ppt.     

Effect of Foliar GA3 and ABA Applications on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism in Black Currants (Ribes nigrum L.) During Bud Para-dormancy and Secondary Bud Burst

The secondary bud burst can cause around 10％-20％ yield losses in black currants, an economically important crop in parts of Europe, Asia and North America. The ...     

蓝藻生物节律性分子调控机制的研究进展

生物钟现象是一种普遍存在于生物界细胞的内源节律性保持机制。生物钟机制的存在可以使生物体的代谢行为产生并维持以24h为周期的昼夜节律,从而更好地适应于地球自转所产生的环境条件昼夜间节律性变化。蓝藻是目前生物钟分子机制研究中的模式生物,其依赖于kai基因家族成员的核心生物钟调控模式已经被众多研究者详细阐明。蓝藻生物钟的核心振荡器是由蓝藻kaiA／B／C的编码产物来调控的,Kai蛋白的表达模式具有节律性。KaiC蛋白磷酸化状态的节律性循环及输入、输出途径相关组成蛋白的翻译后修饰状态节律性循环共同组成其反馈回路,负责维持生物钟节律性振荡的持续进行并与环境周期保持同步。传统的蓝藻生物钟分子机制模型认为,节律性表达基因翻译产物的转录／翻译负反馈抑制环是生物节律性维持和输出的关键。遗憾的是,在其它物种生物钟分子机制研究中未发现由ka／基因家族成员同源基因组成的节律性标签,这表明以kaiA／B／C为核心振荡器的生物钟系统并不是一种跨物种保守的生物钟系统。近期,人们发现非转录／翻译依赖的振荡器（NTO）也具有成为生物节律性产生和维持的“源动力”的可能。过氧化物氧化还原酶（Pax）氧化还原状态节律性是第一种被报道的跨物种保守的NTO节律性标签,这也日渐成为蓝藻生物钟分子机制研究新的热点。     

变压器负载试验方法改进研究与分析

工程实际中对于小型试验厂或容量有限的变电站而言,如果在额定电流条件下进行变压器负载试验,需要的电源容量较大,即使利用电容补偿弥补电源容量的不足,所需补偿电容器的体积和质量也会给试验实施带来困难。该文分析了变压器常规负载试验方法及其在工程实际中出现的问题,并有针对性的提出了一种改进的负载试验方法。首先通过计算机仿真验证改进方法的可行性,继而对其进行了现场实践,并对改进方法下的负载试验参数重新进行了计算,同时将改进方法与常规方法进行参数误差分析与成本对比分析。结果表明,该文提出的变压器负载试验改进方法可在不提高电源容量的情况下,大幅减少对中间设备如补偿电容器的限制,从而提高试验操作的效率及试验厂站的经济效益,又可满足工程实际精度要求,因此可以作为常规变压器负载试验的一种延伸和发展。     

基于HJ-CCD数据的水稻洪涝灾情诊断分析及长势监测

It has great significance to study quick monitoring of rice flood disaster and applying timely remedial measures in the disaster area.LAI is a very important physiological parameter in crop growth characterization index, which can reflect the crop growing information objectively.The existing methods of flood monitoring using remote sensing technology rarely consider the damage and the post disaster growth of rice.The HJ-CCD data take advantage of high temporal resolution and high spatial resolution remote sensing image, which can be used for gathering rice growing information during the critical period.The growth situation after rice flood disaster in Anhui Province was monitored using 3 screens HJ-CCD data as the data source on 16th July, 19th August, 26th August, 2009, respectively.The semi-empirical function model based on Beer-Lambert laws was constructed for this inversion LAI.And LAI were acquired in each stage after flood disaster, the trend of growth diagnosis dynamic change was analyzed and assessed by rice flood disaster evaluation indicator.At the same time, the 40 field investigate data were used to verify the model and the R2=0.4251, RMSE=2.053.The results show that LAI can be well evaluated the degree of rice flood disaster growth based on HJ-CCD data, and it is effective for monitoring and diagnosing rice flood disaster.The results provide a theoretical basis for rice flood disaster research, post disaster rehabilitation and recovery, and provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of targeted remedial measures at the same time.     

有载自动调容配电变压器及其动态降损节能效益分析

为验证有载自动调容配电变压器降损节能效果及其解决“大马拉小车”的机理,根据实测的动态日、月负荷数据,绘制了日、月负荷曲线;对SZ11-M-T型有载自动调容型变压器与S11普通型配电变压器的动态功率损耗进行了综合经济性比较。计算结果表明：对于峰谷用电量差异明显,峰谷负荷轮换频繁的用电区域及用电季节性集中的农村配电区域,避免普通变压器长期处于“大马拉小车”有效途径是使用有载自动调容配电变压器;相对于无载调容,有载自动调容配电变压器降损节能经济效益十分明显,使用范围更广。     

提高远红外干燥质量及设备改进的建议

远红外加热干燥技术的广泛应用受到了各个行业的重视,特别是在食品干燥领域.但是,其中仍然有许多问题有待解决,比如辐射源同被加热物体的距离、照射角度、根据被加热物料的特性选择与之匹配的红外加热元件以及一些设计理念方面的问题等,需要进行分析和解决,以达到良好的干燥效果,提高远红外加热干燥的生产率.同时,指出了影响干燥质量的因素,作为今后研究过程中的重点研究对象.     

稻田套播和氮素对中筋小麦产量和品质的调节效应

采用稻田套播与传统条播两种栽培方式系统比较的方法,研究不同氮肥运筹下稻田套播方式对中筋小麦扬麦10号籽粒产量和品质的调节效应。结果表明：稻田套播方式对中筋小麦籽粒产量和品质影响显著。与传统条播方式相比,在同一氮肥运筹下套播方式中筋小麦除籽粒总淀粉及其组分含量显著高于条播方式外,籽粒产量、蛋白质含量、蛋白质产量、磨粉品质和面粉品质以及淀粉糊化特性的主要指标低于传统条播,且差异显著。稻田套播方式不利于中筋小麦扬麦10号优质的形成,在江苏淮南地区中筋专用小麦采用稻田套播方式宜适当增加施氮量且追氮适度后移。     

苹果套袋综合管理技术措施

苹果套袋综合管理技术包括套袋前的管理、套袋操作技术、摘袋后的管理,每一环节缺一不可,各环节组装配套,形成果实套袋配套技术。