田间小棚繁殖烟蚜茧蜂的繁蜂效果研究

研究了田间小棚繁殖烟蚜茧蜂的繁蜂效果,比较了在不同接蜂量和蚜量范围条件下的僵蚜数量及其羽化情况。接蜂量和接蜂时的蚜量是影响僵蚜数量的2个重要因素,以接蜂时的蚜量对繁蜂效果的影响更为明显。在接蜂量为蜂(♀)蚜比1∶100、蚜量范围2 000~3 000头/株的条件下,可获得较好的繁蜂效果,僵蚜的数量可达到8 000个/株以上。在繁蜂前期僵蚜的质量较高,僵蚜的羽化率可保持在90%以上,在繁蜂后期受重寄生蜂的影响,僵蚜的质量明显下降。应用田间小棚繁殖烟蚜茧蜂时,重寄生蜂是影响后期繁蜂质量的重要因素。     

《烟草育种学》课程教学改革的实践探索

河南农业大学烟草育种课程组全体教师对《烟草育种学》的教学内容、教学方式和考核形式进行了系列改革。近年来的教学实践表明,这些改革措施充分调动了学生学习的主动性,达到了改善教学质量的效果,为高等农业院校该课程的教学提供一定的参考。     

社会转型时期加强中国共产党政党文化建设的思考

政党文化是指政党在长期的政治实践中形成和发展起来的,为全体党员普遍认同和共同遵循的政党意识和观念。作为一个自成体系的政治组织,中国共产党有自己的政党文化系统。社会转型是当前中国共产党政党文化建设的宏观生态。社会转型往往会出现认同、信仰、整合等危机。因此,社会转型时期,中国共产党合乎逻辑的选择是大力加强自身文化建设。     

中西比较视域下的鲁迅死亡意识

鲁迅的死亡意识既不同于西方现代的死亡意识，又迥异于传统文化中的死亡意识，具有强烈的现代个性色彩。他将死亡与新生、自我与历史、民族、传统紧密地统一在一个充满悖论的个体之内，并且上升到生存本体意义，因而具有宽广的视野和深邃的内蕴。     

新型纳米PE膜对温室环境因子的影响（英文）

[目的]检测新型纳米流滴控释膜的流滴性能及其对温室环境因子的影响。[方法]通过设施叶菜类农业大棚智能监控系统,对流滴控释膜和对照膜内的空气温度、光照强度和CO2浓度等进行检测和分析。[结果]通过大田扣棚跟踪监测数据发现,这种膜具有比现有长寿、流滴功能膜光照强度高、减少高温天气棚温上升以及具有更好的光合作用效果等优点。[结论]这种新型的纳米流滴控释膜比现在广泛使用的国产流滴膜性能更优越,应用前景广泛。     

Transpositional feeding rhythm of loach <Emphasis Type="Italic">Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</Emphasis> from larvae to juveniles and its ontogenesis under artificial rearing conditions

The diel feeding rhythm and ontogenesis during early life stage of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were investigated under experimental conditions (light: L 06:00–18:00, D 18:00–06:00 h). Morphological and behavioral developments of loach from newly hatched to 40 days after hatching were observed. Larvae were able to prey on daphnia 3–4 days after hatching at 23 ± 0.5°C. As the larvae grew, they showed an increasing feeding capacity and a distinct feeding rhythm. Feeding intensity and incidence for day-4 larvae were highest at 10:00 and 16:00 h. The highest levels of feeding intensity for day-12 larvae occurred at 08:00, 12:00, and 18:00 h as did feeding incidence. By day 20, when the larvae metamorphosed, the highest levels of feeding intensity occurred at 06:00, 18:00, and 24:00 h and were concurrent with the highest feeding incidence. After metamorphosis, feeding capacity had again increased considerably and, in contrast to the earlier stages before day 20, feeding intensity for day-30 juveniles peaked at 05:00 and 20:00 h, about 1–2 h after the maximum feeding incidence. The feeding rhythm of loach juveniles at day 40 was almost the same as the day-30 juveniles. The estimated maximum daily feeding rates were 43.1%, 33.4%, 19.0%, 12.8%, and 5.8% of body weight on days 4, 12, 20, 30, and 40, respectively. Thus, loach was found to have different feeding rhythms in the pre- and post-metamorphosis stages, with the highest feeding activity in daytime during the larval planktonic stage before metamorphosis, and intensely nocturnal feeding behavior during the juvenile benthic stage after metamorphosis.     

Preparation of algal-oligosaccharide mixtures by bacterial agarases and their antioxidative properties

ABSTRACT:   Algal-oligosaccharide-lysates (AOL), derived from six agars and four algal polysaccharide extracts (APE), were treated with 100–500 activity units (AU) of MA103-agarases or MAEF108-agarases, and their antioxidative properties evaluated. Soluble total polyphenols (TP) were between 462.2 ± 1.6 gallic acid equivalents (GAE, µg/mL) and 70.6 ± 17.4 GAE. The DPPH radical scavenging capacity of all AOL went from 68.3 ± 0.7% to 0.5 ± 0.1%. The ferrous ion chelating capacity of all AOL went from 93.1 ± 0.2% to 21.7 ± 0.9%. Evaluation of the H₂O₂ scavenging capacity of all AOL was between 35.9 ± 5.4% and 0.1 ± 0.2%. The reducing power of all AOL went from 51.3 ± 2.6 to 3.2 ± 6.8 expressed as µg/mL ascorbic acid. In DPPH radical scavenging capacity, ferrous ion chelating capacity and reducing power etc., the AOL derived from the APE of Porphyra dentate (digested by 500 AU of MAEF108-agarases) were highest, in all test sets. However, the AOL derived from the APE of Monostroma nitidum (digested by 500 AU of MAEF108-agarases) had the highest H₂O₂ scavenging capacity in all test sets. The order of antioxidative activity performance of all AOL treated in this experiment, by these four antioxidative methods, is as follows: ferrous ion chelating capacity > DPPH radical scavenging capacity > H₂O₂ scavenging capacity > reducing power; this may be related to their polyphenols, small molecular weight polysaccharides or simple sugar constituents. In this study, it is demonstrated that various agarases derived from algal oligosaccharide mixtures possess good potential for use as a health food, due to their antioxidative capacity.     

Morphological studies of peripheral blood cells of the Chinese sturgeon, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acipenser sinensis</Emphasis>

The peripheral blood cells of one-year-old Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) have been studied by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The erythrocyte count was 84.86 × 10⁴ cell mm⁻³ in the peripheral blood of the fish and that of leukocytes was 2.24 × 10⁴ cell mm⁻³. The erythrocytes and four main types of leucocyte—thrombocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes (including neutrophils and eosinophils), and monocytes, were identified in the peripheral blood. In addition to normal erythrocytes, reticulocytes and division of erythrocytes were observed. Thrombocytes were the most numerous among the leukocytes, and the number of neutrophils with lobated nuclei was larger than for other fish. The structures of the erythrocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and thrombocytes of the fish were studied. The erythrocytes were almost completely devoid of organelles, except for some mitochondria and granules. A large number of vacuoles and a few organelles were observed in cytoplasm of the monocytes. There were many microvilli on the membrane and pseudopodia-like cytoplasm bulge in the lymphocytes. The neutrophils were round or oval in shape with bilobed, trilobed, or multilobed nuclei whereas the eosinophils had big special granules, dark stained. There were many vesicles in some thrombocytes, which were related to its phagocytosis; some thrombocytes had almost no cytoplasm or organelles.     

转基因玉米试管苗移栽影响因素及移栽技术要点

在海南省三亚地区,通过转基因技术获得规模化的转基因玉米试管苗的移栽成活率往往不高,这主要由其自身条件和外界环境引起的。该研究探讨了影响三亚地区转基因玉米试管苗移栽成活率的因素及移栽技术要点,为提高试管苗在三亚地区的移栽成活率提供参考依据。     

浸种时间和种子破壳对小型冬瓜(小-1)发芽的影响

小型冬瓜(小-1)是贵州省园艺研究所最新选育的新品种。该品种具有适应性广、易坐果、单果重适中(3~4 kg)、抗病等特点,深受瓜农欢迎。冬瓜不仅作为贵州夏秋的主要蔬菜品种,同时还是调节贵州蔬菜淡季的主要品种之一。近年来,随着贵州省蔬菜种植结构的调整和夏秋反季节蔬菜栽培的