Microcystin production during algal bloom occurrence in Laguna de Bay, the Philippines

ABSTRACT:   The amount of microcystin in Microcystis aeruginosa bloom was investigated during the rainy season of 1999 in Laguna de Bay, the Philippines. Bloom samples taken from the West Bay and East Cove stations of the lake were studied in relation to the characteristics of environmental conditions. Four types of microcystins, microcystin-LR (MC-LR), microcystin-RR (MC-RR), 6(Z)-Adda-microcystin-RR, and 3-desmethylmicrocystin-LR were identified from the natural bloom samples among which MC-LR was the most dominant type of microcystin. Production of microcystin (88.6 µg/100 mg dried cells) was highest during the first sampling week that coincided with high water transparency and high conductivity. The occurrence of a strong typhoon during the second sampling week had changed the environment drastically, which was characterized by low water transparency, high turbidity, low water temperature, and with trace amounts of MC-LR detected at the East Cove station. Thus, toxin production over time as well as the relationship between Microcystis production and toxin concentration could not be fully evaluated.     

Study on the Acute Toxicity of Rare Earth Yttrium to Earthworms under the Stress of Leaching Agent Ammonium Sulfate

[目的]考察浸矿剂硫酸铵（NH4）2SO4胁迫下稀土离子钇的毒性研究。[方法]选择蚯蚓作为土壤生态环境污染指示生物,采用滤纸接触法研究硫酸铵胁迫下稀土钇（ Y）对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应。[结果]①稀土钇单一染毒,蚯蚓的48 h 半致死率浓度为 LC50=213.41 mg/L、24 h半致死率浓度为 LC50=322.63 mg/L。②硫酸铵单一染毒下,蚯蚓的48 h半致死率浓度为 LC50=13.89 g/L、24 h半致死率浓度为LC50=15.05 g/L。③低浓度10 g/L的硫酸铵与稀土钇复合染毒,蚯蚓的48 h半致死率浓度LC50=198.65 g/L、24 h 半致死率浓度 LC50=399.85 g/L;中浓度14 g/L的硫酸铵与稀土钇复合染毒,蚯蚓的48 h半致死率浓度 LC50=167.3 mg/L、24 h半致死率浓度 LC50=256.73 mg/L;高浓度20 g/L的硫酸铵与稀土钇复合染毒,蚯蚓的48 h半致死率浓度 LC50=31.03 mg/L、24 h的LC50=127.65 mg/L。[结论]低浓度的硫酸铵降低稀土钇对蚯蚓的毒性,产生一定的拮抗作用。中浓度的硫酸铵增加稀土钇对蚯蚓的毒性,产生较明显的协同作用。高浓度硫酸铵显著增加了稀土钇对蚯蚓的毒性。稀土钇染毒下蚯蚓死体更易断裂,而活体对针刺反应相对不灵敏。     

汉中市耐寒桉树引种繁殖试验

桉树是目前世界上发展最快的短轮伐期工业原料林树种,但多数不耐寒,适宜在热带和亚热带地区发展。为了扩大其北移引种,从四川省林科院引种耐寒品种开展抗寒、抗逆性研究,初步能在汉中安全越冬。本文以邓恩桉全光喷雾嫩枝扦插试验为例,介绍了耐寒桉树繁殖技术。试验采用4种基质、吲哚丁酸3个处理、1个对照、3个重复,结果表明:扦插不同基质处理以珍珠岩∶腐质土(4∶6)最好,吲哚丁酸不同浓度处理间差异不显著,以浓度1 000mg·L-1最好,平均生根率最高达70.83%。     

锤片式粉碎机减振装置的改进

针对生产中使用的SFSP137×76型号锤片式粉碎机的地脚螺栓发生断裂的情况,分析引起地脚螺栓发生断裂的原因,并据此提出解决方法,即通过改变粉碎机的减振装置以达到良好的减振效果,从而保证生产的正常运行.     

In Vivo and In Vitro Sperm Interaction with Oviductal Epithelial Cells of Llama

Sperm reservoirs in South American Camelids would be crucial for successful fertilization. Since ovulation occurs approximately 36 h after mating, the maintenance of the sperm viability in the oviduct waiting for the ovum is a critical reproductive event. Our study aimed at determining whether the isthmus or the utero tubal junction (UTJ) could function as a sperm reservoir in llama by means of in vivo and in vitro experiments. For the in vivo experiments, the oviducts of adult females with a dominant follicle bigger than 7 mm were examined for the presence of sperm at 6, 18, 24, 28 and 35 h after mating. The results using scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed ultrastructural differences between isthmus and UTJ with respect to (1) predominance of secretory cells in the UTJ and ciliated cells in the isthmus epithelium and (2) cytoplasmic bulbous projection of the secretory cells in the UTJ. Sperm adhered by a mucus‐like substance were seen only in the UTJ at 6, 18, 24 and 28 h post‐mating. Lack of sperm adhered to oviductal mucosa was observed around ovulation (35 h). In vitro experiments demonstrated higher ability of UTJ epithelial cell explants with respect to isthmus explants to bind sperm in a co‐cultured system. The anatomical features and the presence of a sperm bonding agent in the UTJ together with the in vitro differential binding of sperm to UTJ explants strongly suggest that both may be feasible mechanisms that facilitate sperm storage in this oviductal region in llama.     

基于FT-IR的木质碳纤维原丝固化增强机理的研究

以甲醛为固化剂,盐酸为催化剂,固化处理木材液化物初纺纤维后得到木质碳纤维原丝.利用FT-IR考察了盐酸浓度、固化时间、升温速率对固化后木质碳纤维原丝化学结构变化的影响,并分析了原丝的固化增强机理.结果表明:随盐酸浓度和固化时间的增加,原丝1610～1510、1455、900～650 cm-1处吸收峰强度都逐渐降低;随升温速率的增加,原丝3423、2925 cm-1处吸收峰逐渐减弱,1610～1510、1454 cm-1处吸收峰强度先减弱后增强,1101、900～650 cm-1处吸收峰强度却明显增加.固化过程中原丝结构上的芳环与固化液中的+CH2OH离子发生的交联反应,以及酚羟基之间、酚羟基与固化液中+CH2OH离子之间发生的脱水缩合反应,促使了原丝内部网状交联结构的形成,提高了原丝的强度.     

详析细纱松捻纱产生的机械原因

与细纱机工艺设计偏差所导致的松捻纱不同,机械零部件的使用及保养不当所产生的\"松捻\"纱,因其出现的随机性,更令设备管理者和操作者难于把握,而给紧随其后的加工工序造成不便及纱疵.因而详细分析\"松捻\"纱产 生的原因,加强设备管理及保养,及时发现和消除\"松捻\"纱是细纱设备管理者与检修人员应具备的重要素质.     

蛋品加工技术与质量安全控制战略研究

我国的蛋品加工业与发达国家相比,差距主要表现在禽蛋安全标准体系建设及加工技术方面.为此,需着重解决以下关键技术问题:鲜蛋高效清洁消毒、分级、保鲜关键技术与包装研究,蛋壳、壳膜及残留蛋清环保高效利用技术研究,传统蛋制品安全性评估与现代化绿色加工技术研究,禽蛋功能性食品配料的联产技术研究,禽蛋加工产业链安全风险评估、监测与可控性分析研究,蛋品加工业主要危害物阈值及在线无扣检测研究等.     

红木家具木材种类和性质初探

根据国家标准,属于“红木”范围的树种为豆科的5属8类33种．5属是以树木学的属来命名的,即紫檀属、黄檀属、崖豆属、柿属、铁刀木属．8类是以木材商品名来命名的,即紫檀木类、花梨木类、香枝木类、黑酸枝类、红酸枝类、乌木类、务纹乌木类、鸡翅类．介绍了33个红木树种的名称、木材结构、气干密度、等级划分等．     

数据库可视化技术在统计数据管理领域中的应用

针对统计数据管理领域中对统计数据进行数据库可视化的需要,讨论了利用Mapinfo公司的MapX组件实现统计数据库与地理图形结合的思路与方法。介绍了数据库可视化的概念和MapX组件的模型结构,分析讨论了使用Mapx组件实现数据库可视化的方法。利用数据库可视化技术的图形化优势,使得统计数据的管理更加直观、方便,解决了传统的基于数据库的MIS(管理信息系统,Management Information System)系统在管理统计数据过程中存在的不直观、界面枯燥等问题。