Early life history connectivity of Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarctica) in the Ross Sea

A recent population hypothesis for Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarctica), a critical forage species, argued that interactions between life history and circulation associated with glacial trough systems drive circumpolar distributions over the continental shelf. In the Ross Sea, aggregations of eggs and larvae occur under fast ice in Terra Nova Bay, and the hypothesis predicted that dispersing larvae encounter outflow along the western side of Drygalski Trough. The outflow advects larvae towards the shelf‐break, and mixing with trough inflow facilitates return toward the inner shelf. To examine the hypothesis, we compared samples of P. antarctica collected near Coulman Island in the outflow, along Crary Bank in the inflow, and a third set taken over the rest of the Ross Sea. We ruled out misidentification using an innovative genetic validation. Silverfish larvae comprised 99.5% of the catch, and the highest population densities were found in Drygalski Trough. The results provided no evidence to reject the population hypothesis. Abundance indices, back‐calculated hatching dates, length distributions and growth were congruent with a unified early life history in the western Ross Sea, constrained by cryopelagic early stages in Terra Nova Bay. By contrast, a sample in the Bay of Whales revealed much smaller larvae, suggesting either a geographically separate population in the eastern Ross Sea, or westward connectivity with larvae spawned nearby by fish sourced from troughs upstream in the Amundsen Sea. These results illustrate how hypotheses that integrate population structure with life history can provide precise spatial predictions for subsequent testing.     

“4.30”闽东暴雨的结构分析

利用2013年4月30日8:00到5月1日8:00的MICAPS资料、NCEP1°×1°再分析资料、福建省区域自动站资料等,分析闽东一场在高空槽、低层切变和地面冷空气共同作用下的冷锋锋前暴雨天气过程。通过物理量结构分析发现,槽前西南急流为此次降水提供了充足的水汽,冷锋过境使得大气条件性不稳定,强的辐散场和锋面南压为此次暴雨提供了强的抬升条件。并浅析此次暴雨对铁观音茶青生产及品质的影响。     

Effect of wheat germ flour addition on wheat flour,dough and Chinese steamed bread properties

Wheat germ flour (WGF) has been developed as a functional food ingredient with high nutritional value. In this study, WGF was applied in steamed bread-making in order to improve the quality of Chinese steamed bread (CSB). Partial substitution of wheat flour with WGF at levels of 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% (w/w) was carried out to investigate physicochemical properties of blends and their steaming performance. Falling number (FN) values of composite flours ranged from 199 to 223 s. Viscosity analysis results showed that wheat flour mixed with WGF had higher pasting temperature and lower viscosities. Dough rheological properties were also investigated using farinograph and extensograph. The addition of WGF diluted the gluten protein in dough and formed weak and inextensible dough, which can be studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. CSB made with WGF had significantly lower volume, specific volume and higher spread ratio. The sensory acceptability and physicochemical quality of CSB were improved with the application of a low level of WGF (3% and 6%). However, results showed that a high level of WGF over 9% is not recommended because of unsatisfactory taste. As a whole, addition of appropriate level of WGF in wheat flour could improve the quality of CSB.     

玉米联合收获机输送槽的设计与分析

输送槽是玉米联合收获机的一个重要部件,是割台与剥皮机相连接的纽带。为此,介绍了4YZP-3型自走式玉米联合收获机输送槽的设计,通过对输送槽输送速度、受力等情况的分析确定其各项参数。同时,使用ADAMS软件对其运动情况进行分析,利用ANSYS Workbench软件分析其受力情况,并采用了输送槽折边的方式来增强壳体边缘强度。     

以一次飑线过程为例对多普勒天气雷达资料适用性分析

利用常规资料和多普勒资料,对2008年9月7日的一次较长生命史飑线过程进行综合分析,对多普勒雷达几个产品的适用性进行初步探讨。结果表明,在雷暴单体发展各个阶段,从雷达观测数据上可以分析出系统流场以及环境风场,两者相互影响会在雷达回波上显示特殊的配置形势。这种在大面积正速（负速）区里嵌套一小块数值均匀的负速（正速）区的配置经常被误判为中气旋,实际上这是由于在对流系统中层发生的径向辐合而产生的。在适当仰角的速度图（V26）上迭加风暴追踪信息（58STI）,便于分析出风暴的发展阶段。通过对风暴追踪信息产品在单体发展的各个阶段上的预报准确性探讨,以及一些其他产品的适用性研究,并将结论利用于短时预报和诊断分析上,以期提高目前短时预报的水平。     

广东清远市一次局地暴雨过程分析

利用探空观测资料以及FY-2D气象卫星云图、多普勒天气雷达回波等非常规气象观测资料,采取天气学诊断分析方法,对2009年7月26日出现在广东清远市一次局地突发性暴雨过程进行了诊断分析。结果表明,副热带高压边缘的不稳定气流及南支槽前的上升运动是此次局地暴雨过程的天气尺度系统和大尺度环流背景;暴雨发生前大气不稳定能量不断积累,为中尺度系统形成创造了有利的环境条件;地形与降水有着密切的关系,中小尺度地形使近地面上升气流增强,造成了对流云团在该地不断生成和发展。     

滨州市“7.18”暴雨的成因分析

利用常规气象观测分析资料和多普勒天气雷达资料,从大尺度环境、物理量场和多普勒雷达资料方面,对2007年7月18日发生在滨州市的一次暴雨过程进行分析,结果表明：本次暴雨是高空冷空气、低空切变线和地面倒槽共同影响造成的,是一次较典型的稳定纬向型暴雨。副高边缘西南低空急流、雷达回波径向速度场上的逆风区和中尺度辐合线以及垂直风廓线产品上的低层暖平流等对判断暴雨有较强的指示作用。     

以Dirac测度为源的拟线性退化抛物方程解的唯一性

研究了以Dirac测度为源的拟线性退化抛物方程ut-Δum=δ（x）,（x,t）∈Q的Cauchy问题解的唯一性,其中δ（x）是Dirac测度,m〉1,Q=RN×（0,＋∞）.     

一类半线性变系数抛物型方程的二阶差分格式

本文对一类半线性变系数抛物型方程初边值问题建立了一个二阶差分格式,证明了差分格式解的存在唯一性、关于初值的无条件稳定性和在L∞范数下阶数为O(2τ+h2)的收敛性,最后给出的数值算例验证了理论结果。     

聚光回热式太阳能土壤灭虫除菌装置光热性能

该文针对传统设施农业土壤灭虫除菌过程使用化学消毒法所带来的环境污染和农作物药物残留等问题,提出了新型聚光回热式太阳能土壤灭虫除菌装置,利用太阳能聚光集热技术加热空气进而对农业种植土壤进行高温消毒,同时将土壤所含有机物加热挥发,实现对农业种植土壤的修复,同时处理后的热土壤对进料空气进行预热,提高了装置的热能利用效率。该文介绍了聚光回热式太阳能土壤灭虫除菌装置的工作原理,利用光学仿真软件对装置中复合多曲面聚光器的光学效率进行了计算,基于光学计算结果,对聚光回热式太阳能土壤灭虫除菌装置的光热性能进行了室外试验,测试了装置的空气加热温度和集热效率。结果表明,用于土壤灭虫除菌的热空气在聚光比为3.6,流动速度为1.075 m/s时,装置的集热效率最高,加热后空气温度最高达到了88℃左右,集热效率为65%左右,能够满足农业土壤灭虫除菌所需的温度需求。