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1.
双管离子选择性微电极制备方法研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
双管离子选择性微电极被广泛应用于植物细胞外离子流速和细胞内离子活度的测量,但双管离子选择性微电极(Ion-Selective Microelectrode,ISME)的制备过程繁琐,不可控因素多,制备成功率低。针对存在的问题,该研究提出了一种简易、快速的双管ISME制备方法。首先,介绍了双管微电极制备、硅烷化和电极尖端灌充液态离子交换剂(Liquid Ion Exchanger,LIX)的具体流程;其次,对制备的双管ISME的能斯特斜率和响应时间进行了测试。试验结果表明,使用蒸汽硅烷法对双管微电极进行硅烷化处理,最优硅烷化温度、二甲基二氯硅烷剂量和硅烷化时间分别为150℃、45μL和90min;制备的双管氢离子、钾离子、钙离子、氯离子选择性微电极的能斯特斜率分别为54.08、56.51、27.08和-58.80 mV/dec;4种双管ISME的响应时间介于0.20~0.42 s之间。研究结果表明,由该研究制备方法制作的双管ISME,可以满足植物细胞外离子流速和细胞内离子活度信息检测的要求。双管ISME的快速制备,降低了离子选择性微电极技术的应用难度,将有利于植物电生理检测试验的进行和离子选择性微电极技术在农作物育种、生理抗逆、植物营养吸收与同化等研究领域的应用。  相似文献   
2.
基于斜率-截距校正算法的番茄营养液ISE监测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用斜率-截距校正算法(SBC)解决离子选择电极连续在线测量电势漂移问题,结合Nernst线性模型预测无土栽培番茄苗期至果期营养液NO3-N、K+、Ca2+含量变化。结果表明:SBC校正算法可有效减少离子选择电极(ISE)电势漂移,提高线性预测模型重复性,校正后ISE响应斜率漂移范围不超过0.4 m V/decade,截距漂移范围可控制在1 m V以内。SBC校正算法可提高Nernst线性模型预测精度,NO3-N、K+、Ca2+含量预测平均相对误差分别从校正前的43.31%、38.46%、93.83%降至校正后的5.99%、7.44%、27.96%。校正后ISE可实现番茄营养液在线连续监测,反映营养液中目标离子含量变化。番茄花期养分吸收较活跃,NO3-N、K+、Ca2+含量分别下降45.19%、36.46%和27.92%。  相似文献   
3.
频率及电压对高压脉冲电场提高陈年棉种活力的影响   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
为研究不同频率脉冲电场对陈年棉种活力的影响,该文利用高压脉冲电源和弧形电极-平板组成的电场系统在极间距离为50 mm、电压分别为16和20 kV条件下对陈年棉种在不同频率(1、5、10、20、50 Hz)下进行了电场处理,处理时间为40 s。结果发现,频率为10 Hz时,陈年棉种的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数等指标与不做电场处理对照相比都有明显提高,且都达到极显著差异(P0.01),16比20 kV条件下的处理效果更好,达到显著性差异(P0.05)。试验结果表明,电场频率对棉种活力指标的影响是存在的,且对各指标的影响趋势是一致的,即在一定处理条件下(电场强度与处理时间)可以找到一个较优频率范围,对种子活力提高达到最大,且该试验研究结果能够为后续种子电场处理提供参考。  相似文献   
4.
Physiological Responses of Two Wheat Cultivars to Nitrogen Starvation   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Plants need to be efficient in nutrient management,especially when they face the temporal nutrient defficiencies.Understanding how crops respond to nitrogen (N) starvation would help in the selection of crop cultivars more tolerant to N deficiency.In the present work,the physiological responses of two wheat cultivars,Yannong 19 (YN) and Qinmai 11 (QM),to N starvation conditions were investigated.The two cultivars differed in biomass and N rearrangement between shoots and roots during N starvation.QM allocated more N to roots and exhibited higher root/shoot biomass ratio than YN.However,tissue measurement indicated that both cultivars had similar nitrate content in leaves and roots and similar remobilization rate in roots.Microelectrode measurement showed that vacuolar nitrate activity (concentration) in roots of QM was lower than that in roots of YN,especially in epidermal cells.Nitrate remobilization rates from root vacuoles of two cultivars were also identical.Moreover,vacuolar nitrate remobilization rate was proportional to vacuolar nitrate activity.During N starvation,nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was decreased but there were no significant differences between the two cultivars.Nitrate efflux from roots reduced after external N removal and QM seemed to have higher nitrate efflux rate.  相似文献   
5.
Abstract

In order to supply the correct amount of ammonium to the crop when slurry is spread on the field, it is necessary to know the ammonium concentration. Slurry is a heterogeneous substance and there is a risk that organic N-compounds and the ionic strength will interfere with the determination of ammonium. The usability of five different methods for the determination of ammonium in solution has been tested on 18 different cattle and pig slurries and compared to a manual distillation titration technique. Colorimetric determination using an autoanalyzer and an automatic titration distillation device using MgO were highly accurate, and the precision was close to 1%. Distillation with NaOH caused interference from hydrolysable organic compounds. An ammonium electrode could be used, but the accuracy was not good. When using the automatic titration distillation device, samples should immediately be transferred to Kjeldahl flasks with water or acidified to prevent loss of volatile ammonia, unless they are to be distilled within 30 min.  相似文献   
6.
Reasons for performing study: In human medicine, oesophageal electrocardiography (ECG) is a well‐established technique that magnifies P waves with respect to the QRS complex. Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of oesophageal ECG recording in horses and its ability to produce larger P waves compared with base‐apex and unipolar recordings. Methods: Bipolar and unipolar ECG were performed using oesophageal and surface electrodes. Oesophageal ECG was obtained from 6 different recording configurations at different oesophageal depths. Amplitudes of P, Q, R, S and T waves were measured from 3 different cardiac cycles for each recording configuration and depth. Results: Oesophageal ECG was feasible in all horses. For all oesophageal recording configurations, significantly larger P waves were recorded from a depth that equalled ‘height of the withers + 10 cm’ (HW+10) than from any other depth. P/QRSmagn, the ratio between the P wave and QRS complex magnitudes, was largest for intraoesophageal recordings with an interelectrode distance of 10 cm, at HW+10, where it was significantly larger than base‐apex and unipolar recordings. Base‐apex recording resulted in significantly smaller P waves than all other recording configurations and significantly smaller P/QRSmagn ratios than all other recording configurations except one combined oesophageal‐surface recording (E/Slow). Conclusions: Oesophageal ECG recording is feasible in horses and effective in magnifying P wave amplitude. Potential relevance: The procedure is promising for diagnosis of supraventricular tachydysrhythmias and might be used in electrophysiological studies and for cardiac pacing.  相似文献   
7.
Abstract

Conventional redox potential measurements in the field frequently become erratic during the summer season due to low moisture contents in the surface soil. A KCl‐salt bridge which circumvents this problem was designed for in situ, long‐term, nondestructive redox determinations in the subsoil. Measurements are rapid, and redox values are not affected by the use of the salt bridge, irrespective of depth of measurement.  相似文献   
8.
电极-SBBR对集中型沼液的脱氮除铜研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了处理集中型沼液中过高的氨氮和由饲料添加剂带入的铜,将电极生物膜法与序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)工艺的优势进行互补,构建电极-SBBR耦合新工艺,以同时去除氮与铜。通过实验室配水与沼液试验,探讨了电极-SBBR体系同步脱氮除铜的工艺参数及其效果。结果表明,集中型沼液电极-SBBR体系的操作工序为:进水→厌氧→曝气→缺氧/厌氧→出水→闲置,运行参数为:水力停留时间7.0h,厌氧0.5h、曝气4.0h、缺氧/厌氧2.5h;电流30~60mA,溶解氧(DO)4.0~5.0mg/L,碳氮比(C/N)>10.0。电极-SBBR体系对沼液中全氮(TN)、Cu2+、化学耗氧量(COD)的去除率分别达到45.79%、86.53%和84.86%,可以作为沼液脱氮除铜的新工艺。  相似文献   
9.
Human body experiment is one of the key problems for the electrical impedance tomogryphy(EIT) in clinical meaning.In this paper an orbicular passive 32 electrode system which is suited for the upper limbs is developed,and the mathematical model for EIT to solve inverse problem is given.After testing many upper arms or forearms of persons, the author have reconstructed the images which are distinct to distinguish skeleton from muscle.  相似文献   
10.
通过研究不溶性草酸氧化酶包埋方法和草酸快速检测方法,建立氧电极法测定草酸的便捷体系。以大麦麸皮为原料制备不溶性草酸氧化酶,采用5%的琼脂糖包埋,检测包埋酶的稳定性和抗离子干扰能力;以包埋酶为工具酶,通过氧电极法检测草酸含量。试验结果表明:包埋酶连续反应2 h酶活性下降低于5%,贮存30 d活性下降低于8%;草酸检测线性范围0.1~0.8mmol/L,外标法草酸回收率为83%~97%。用氧电极法与显色法测定小麦草酸含量,两种方法的测定值无显著性差异。但氧电极法测定耗时短,反应体系简单,易于推广应用。  相似文献   
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