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1.
木薯是热带和亚热带地区重要的粮食和经济作物。木薯种茎是目前唯一的繁殖方式,然而采收后木薯种茎如何应对脱水胁迫及糖代谢基因的表达尚不清楚。本研究通过检测对照组和保水处理组的木薯种茎在采后不同时间点水分和糖分的含量变化来探究离体条件下木薯种茎内糖类发挥的作用。通过检测糖类代谢相关基因的表达来解析不同糖分间的代谢关系及离体种茎的活性状态。结果表明,在保水处理组中随着采后时间的延长,种茎中的果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量先降低后升高,而海藻糖含量变化正好相反。同时,保水处理组的果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量显著高于对照组,而海藻糖含量显著低于对照组。qPCR分析发现,严重的脱水胁迫显著地提高了糖酵解基因的表达。这些结论表明,脱水胁迫显著影响木薯茎中糖类的相互转化。推测脱水胁迫前20 d通过合成海藻糖来响应脱水胁迫,在20~30 d则通过分解海藻糖为木薯种茎提供必要的能量物质。同时本研究通过甘油处理提高了木薯种茎的贮藏时间,为木薯种茎的贮藏提供新的方法。  相似文献   
2.
为了研究不同海拔高度生长的牛宰后牛肉一磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)活性与糖酵解指标,以探讨宰后肌肉生理机理,测定了玉树牦牛(海拔4 500 m)、甘南牦牛(海拔3 000 m)和西门塔尔杂交肉牛(海拔1 500 m)宰后成熟过程中牛肉AMPK活性、AMPK基因(PRKAA1、PRKAA2)mRNA表达量、糖酵解和能量代谢的变化。结果表明,12~168 h时间内,AMPK活性从小到大依次为西门塔尔杂交牛、甘南牦牛、玉树牦牛;西门塔尔杂交牛PRKAA1基因的表达量比甘南牦牛和玉树牦牛略低;西门塔尔杂交牛PRKAA2基因表达量显著小于甘南牦牛和玉树牦牛(P0.05);72~168 h时间内,乳酸含量和游离葡萄糖含量从小到大依次为西门塔尔杂交牛、甘南牦牛、玉树牦牛,p H值、肌糖原含量从大到小依次为西门塔尔杂交牛、甘南牦牛、玉树牦牛;成熟前期ATP、ADP、AMP含量从大到小依次为西门塔尔杂交牛、甘南牦牛、玉树牦牛。高海拔品种牛肉机体PRKAA1和PRKAA2基因表达量高时,AMPK被激活从而活性增加,ATP的浓度水平降低,AMP生成量增加,加速组织内的糖酵解,增加肌肉乳酸含量,降低p H值,进而影响牛肉品质。  相似文献   
3.
本试验旨在研究不同脂肪和葡萄糖水平对大黄鱼生长性能、肝脏糖酵解和糖异生关键酶活性、血清生化指标、糖原含量及消化酶活性等的影响。采用2×3双因素试验设计,其中脂肪设5%、10%2个水平,葡萄糖设10%、20%、30%3个水平,共配制6种试验饲料。每种饲料设3个重复,每个重复放养平均体重为(14.79±0.13)g的大黄鱼幼鱼50尾。试验期为8周。结果表明:饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和饲料效率(FE)的影响不显著(P0.05)。在饲料脂肪水平为5%时,WGR和SGR随饲料葡萄糖水平增加而降低,30%葡萄糖组的WGR和SGR显著低于10%葡萄糖组(P0.05)。饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼全鱼水分和粗脂肪含量的影响显著(P0.05),而对全鱼粗蛋白质含量无显著影响(P0.05)。饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼肝糖原、肌糖原含量有显著影响(P0.05)。在饲料脂肪水平为5%时,肝糖原含量随饲料葡萄糖水平的升高而升高,而肌糖原含量随着饲料葡萄糖水平的升高先升高后降低;在饲料脂肪水平为10%时,肝糖原含量随饲料葡萄糖水平的升高先降低后升高,肌糖原含量随着饲料葡萄糖水平的升高而升高。饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼血清总蛋白(TP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖含量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性无显著影响(P0.05);然而,在饲料脂肪水平相同时,血清葡萄糖含量随饲料葡萄糖水平的升高而升高,30%葡萄糖组血清葡萄糖含量显著高于10%葡萄糖组(P0.05)。饲料脂肪和葡萄糖水平的交互作用对大黄鱼肝脏葡萄糖激酶(GK)、磷酸果糖激酶(PFK)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)活性有显著影响(P0.05),而对丙酮酸激酶(PK)、1,6-二磷酸果糖酶(FBPase)、6-磷酸葡萄糖酶(G6 Pase)活性无显著影响(P0.05)。在饲料脂肪水平为10%时,随饲料葡萄糖水平的升高,肝脏GK、PFK活性升高,肝脏PEPCK活性先升高后降低。由结果可知,与饲料脂肪水平为10%时相比,在饲料脂肪水平为5%时,随饲料葡萄糖的水平的升高,大黄鱼能够通过调节糖代谢关键酶活性及肝糖原含量来维持血糖含量的平衡,有效利用饲料中的葡萄糖。综合本试验结果,建议大黄鱼幼鱼阶段饲料适宜的脂肪和糖水平分别为10%和20%。  相似文献   
4.
Effects of water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation on post mortem glycolysis, adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and meat quality of broilers after transport during summer were investigated in the present paper. A total of 105 mixed‐sex Arbor Acres broilers were divided into three treatment groups: (i) 45 min transport without rest (T); (ii) 45 min transport with 1 h rest (TR); and (iii) 45 min transport with 15 min water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation and 45 min rest (TWFR). Each treatment consisted of five replicates with seven birds each. The results indicated that the water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation could mitigate the stress caused by transport under high temperature conditions during summer, which reduced the energy depletion in post mortem Pectoralis major (PM) muscle. This resulted in a higher energy status compared to the T group, which would decrease the expression of phosphorylation of AMPK (p‐AMPK). Furthermore, decreased the expression of p‐AMPK then slowed down the rate of glycolysis in post mortem PM muscle during the early post mortem period, which in turn lessened the negative effects caused by transport on meat quality. In conclusion, water‐misting sprays with forced ventilation may be a better method to control the incidence of the pale, soft and exudative meat in broilers.  相似文献   
5.
6.
试验旨在探究猪精液6-磷酸果糖激酶(6-phosphofructokinase,PFKL)基因的理化性质和结构特点,以期阐明糖酵解在精子发生过程中的生理作用及调控机制。通过RT-PCR技术扩增PFKL基因,将获得的基因片段插入到pUC57载体上进行克隆测序,并结合生物信息学方法预测和分析其氨基酸序列、跨膜结构、修饰位点、二级结构、三级结构、抗原位点、功能注释等。结果表明,PFKL基因全长2 349 bp,编码782个氨基酸,蛋白质分子质量为83.819 ku,等电点为6.96,为酸性蛋白质,分子式为C3674H5897N1051O1109S40。猪源PFKL基因与鼠、鸭、羊、牛、猩猩、人的参考序列同源性均高达80.0%以上。该蛋白不存在跨膜结构和信号肽区域,含有2个N-糖基化修饰位点、14个O-糖基化位点、35个磷酸化位点。PFKL蛋白三维建模结构主要由无规则卷曲和α-螺旋构成,与肌肉型磷酸果糖激酶和血小板型磷酸果糖激酶的同源性分别为68.24%和70.84%。PFKL基因含有的27个抗原位点强弱不同,柔韧性分布较均匀,有较高的表面可塑性,且存在PKC、PKA特异性蛋白激酶的结合位点,为具有较多潜在B细胞抗原表位的亲水性蛋白。GO功能注释分析结果表明,PFKL基因具有碳水化合物激酶活性、磷酸果糖激酶活性,能够参与己糖代谢和单糖代谢。本研究结果为改善精子品质和提高精卵结合发生率奠定了分子生物学基础。  相似文献   
7.
A 60‐day experiment was carried out to investigate dietary starch levels on growth performance, hepatic glucose metabolism and liver histology of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. Fish (initial weight 22.00 ± 0.02 g) were fed five graded levels of dietary corn starch (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g/kg). Fish fed low (0 and 50 g/kg) dietary starch showed significantly higher weight gain than other groups (p < .05). Liver lipid and glycogen accumulations were induced when dietary starch higher than 100 g/kg. After 20 days of feeding, hexokinase activity and mRNA expression were decreased in fish fed dietary starch higher than 150 g/kg (p < .05) and the pyruvate kinase showed the opposite tendency. Insulin receptor 1 (irs1), glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor and glucose transport protein 2 (glut2) mRNA expression were decreased with the increasing dietary starch after 10 days of feeding (p < .05). These results indicated gluconeogenesis was depressed and β‐oxidation was enhanced in response to high dietary starch, while the glycolysis was inhibited and endocrine system was impaired when fish fed high dietary starch; then, glucose homeostasis was disturbed and finally led to the glucose intolerance of largemouth bass.  相似文献   
8.
ABSTRACT

1. The purpose of this study was to investigate ATP levels and the activities of important enzymes involved in glycolysis and TCA cycle in livers of embryonated chicken eggs infected by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV).

2. Embryonated chicken eggs (9 days) were randomly divided into two groups (50 eggs per group). The first group was inoculated with a very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) isolate into the chorioallantoic membrane. The second group was maintained as uninfected control eggs and inoculated with physiological saline. Embryo survival was assessed daily, and six embryos were sacrificed at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hpi for examining livers. Viral loads in the livers were evaluated by qRT-PCR. A comparative analysis of markers associated with the regulation of energy metabolism across several functional classes (ATP, pyruvic and lactic acids, mitochondrial protein, NAD+/NADH ratios, and enolase, lactic acid dehydrogenase and the respiratory chain complex I activities) were examined in the context of IBDV infection.

3. The results indicated that increases in the enzymatic activities associated with glycolytic metabolism in turn affected the synthesis and cytoplasmic concentrations of ATP at early timepoints in infected chicken embryos. Subsequently, energy metabolism was inhibited through the pathological perturbations of metabolic enzymes and mitochondrial damage, as inferred from reduced ATP generation.

4. These results suggested impaired bioenergetics, which may lead to liver dysfunction consequent to IBDV infection, contributing to the disease pathogenesis.  相似文献   
9.
10.
The effect of dietary magnesium on the post mortem PCr (phosphocreatine) decay in muscle of heterozygote malignant hyperthermia pigs was studied after in vivo exposure to a combination of halothane and succinylcholine. The pigs were anaesthetized with halothane and succinylcholine was injected in the ear vein. Immediately after initiation of the depolarizing neuromuscular blocking effect of succinylcholine the animals were captive-bolt stunned. The PCr decay, reflecting ATP turnover, was followed in situ by 31P-NMR spectroscopy in the biceps femoris muscle for the subsequent 40-70 min post mortem. In 3 of the 4 experiments, the Mg-fed pig had a significantly reduced rate of PCr hydrolysis compared to the control animal. The mechanism of this magnesium effect is unknown.  相似文献   
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