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1.
Thoroughbred racehorses perform exercise at maximal intensities and typically display a hyperthermic exercise response, which can drive core body temperature to critical levels. Despite extremely efficient thermoregulatory mechanisms, certain weather conditions may affect the horse’s ability to cool and result in a syndrome referred to as exertional heat illness (EHI). This is characterised by central nervous system dysfunction, as well as cytotoxic effects of heat on cells, which can produce deleterious consequences. Early detection of exertional heat illness (EHI) in Thoroughbred racehorses can be difficult because signs are often vague and the measurement of rectal temperature as an indicator of hyperthermia is not practical. Best practice in the treatment of EHI in horses, as in human subjects, centres on early detection, rapid assessment and aggressive cooling. Research in human subjects has shown that EHI is manageable when recognised early and appropriate treatment provided. The aim of this study was to investigate the measurement of skin surface temperature (SST) by an infrared thermometer as an aid in the early detection of EHI. A skin surface temperature ≥39°C in the immediate postrace period is considered to be hot. It reflects the interaction of exercise-related metabolic heat production, physiological adjustments to the skin surface such as vasodilation and sweating, together with the effect of high ambient temperature. Most importantly, high SST is associated with a reduced core-to-skin temperature difference, which retards heat transfer from the deep body tissues to the skin and can hinder heat dissipation. Identification of horses with high SSTs can prioritise them for rapid cooling and curtail possible progression to EHI. 相似文献
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Environmental assessment methods are needed by agronomists working on the enhancement of cropping systems to meet the demand for more sustainable farming practices. A growing number of operational methods based on a set of indicators have been designed, more for arable crops and livestock than for perennial crops like viticulture. Among them, the INDIGO® method, originally developed for arable crops, offers a compromise between feasibility and predictive quality. Here we present a modified and expanded version of INDIGO® for viticulture. The development of new indicators specific to viticulture and the adaptation of existing ones followed a five step approach: (i) preliminary definition of the objectives and identification of the end-users, (ii) construction of the indicator, (iii) selection of a reference value, (iv) sensitivity analysis and (v) validation. Stakeholders from professional institutions and winegrower organizations were closely associated with step (i) to define the framework and step (ii) to supply technical databases. We designed INDIGO® indicators with all available scientific and expert knowledge which was aggregated into expert systems associating fuzzy subsets or, when possible, quantitative equations.Four indicators; pesticides, nitrogen, energy and soil organic matter, were directly adapted from the initial INDIGO® method, whereas soil cover and frost protection management were new indicators. Potentialities of their use are highlighted by examples of implementation on different scales and for various purposes. 相似文献
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就不同光质对番茄果实转色期品质变化的影响,以各色荧光灯为光源,在人工控光条件下进行了探究。结果表明,在转色期间不同处理番茄果实的可溶性糖和有机酸含量均于处理后8~10d达最高,而Vc和番茄红素于处理后12d达最大。但不同光质处理间差异明显,红光处理8d后果实可溶性糖含量达到最高,处理后8~10d Vc和番茄红素含量大幅度增加,成熟期比对照(白光)提前2d;红光和蓝光处理均提高了果实的可溶性糖及有机酸含量。各处理Vc含量以蓝光处理为最高,达123.7mg/kg(Fw),显著高于对照。番茄红素含量以红光处理最高 相似文献
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J.B. Million J.T. Ritchie T.H. Yeager C.A. Larsen C.D. Warner J.P. Albano 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
Container Crop Resource Optimization Program (CCROP) is an integrative model which simulates the growth and water and nutrient requirements of a woody ornamental shrub grown in small (2.8–11.4 L) containers in a field environment with overhead sprinkler irrigation. The model was developed for producers, producer advisers and researchers to support best management practice decision-making in container nursery production. We describe the primary processes simulated by CCROP particularly how they differ from traditional crops grown in-ground and assess the ability of CCROP to simulate measured values for a range of irrigation and fertilizer trials and transplanting dates. Results of model testing with 11 trials indicate that CCROP provided reasonable outcomes for biomass and leaf area growth as well as evapotranspiration, runoff (container drainage plus un-intercepted irrigation and rainfall) and nitrogen loss. 相似文献
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纵向刨切生产薄木中刀具与产品质量的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文探讨了纵向刨切机生产薄木过程中刀具的材料、形状及刀具与压尺的相对位置等因素对产品质量的影响。 相似文献
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中国木材工业的历史性转折 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
分析了我国木材工业20多年发展历程,提出中国木材工业目前正经历着历史性转折。这些转折是:由应用天然林资源向应用人工林资源的转折;重视产量与功能的简单要求到重视质量与环境的多元需求的转折;由重视产品竞争向重视品牌竞争转折。同时提出转折时期应该注意的一些问题。 相似文献
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介绍了开放式体系结构数控系统的概念、特点及分类,并简要介绍了开放式数控系统在电火花线切割机上的应用。 相似文献
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低温工艺条件下刀具的相变与耐磨性研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
研究了低温工艺条件下高速钢刀具显微组织中回火马氏体和残留奥氏体相变过程,即从回火马氏体中析出大量弥散的碳化物,并伴随组织的超微细化和残留奥氏体的转变,提高了刀具的耐磨性,降低了被加工零件的表面粗糙度,延长了刀具的使用寿命。 相似文献