陇东旱塬区复种不同藜麦品种(系)的适应性初步评价

为分析不同藜麦品种(系)在陇东雨养地区夏播复种的生态适应性,以12个藜麦品种(系)为材料,对其物候期、农艺性状、经济性状、品质性状等指标进行考察,采用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析法对其适应性进行综合评价。结果表明:供试的12个藜麦品种(系)除LY-2无法复种成熟外,其余的11个品种(系)均能完成生育期;对其19个性状进行相关性分析表明,单位面积籽粒产量与单株粒质量和千粒质量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),而与根倒率、茎倒率呈极显著负相关(P0.01);株高与千粒质量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),籽粒粗蛋白和淀粉分别与籽粒直径和千粒质量呈极显著正相关(P0.01);对其15个性状指标进行主成分分析和聚类分析,对提出的5个主成分累计贡献率达85.04%,根据综合得分,筛选出适应性最好、得分最高的2个品种(系)‘陇藜4号’和‘Q2’;聚类分析表明,11个藜麦品种(系)系统聚为3大类型,各品种(系)间性状与遗传距离方面存在较大差异,其中第三类产量最高,第二类有矮秆、早熟等特性,可根据生产需要和育种目标进行综合考虑。     

盛夏一次大暴雨过程成因分析

利用常规高空、地面观测资料以及FY-2E卫星云图等资料,对2017年8月19—20日发生在陕西省商南县青山镇的大暴雨天气过程进行综合分析。结果表明,东路冷空气和副高是此次暴雨的主要影响系统;副高外围的西南暖湿气流、西南涡东北侧切变后西北干冷气流和山东半岛低涡后东路回流湿冷气流这3股气流在商洛上空的交汇,为此次大暴雨过程提供了充沛的水汽和能量;暴雨区上空垂直运动发展旺盛且深厚,为大暴雨提供了抬升条件;高空急流右侧的强辐散为大暴雨上升运动和深对流形成提供了重要条件。双重辐合-辐散产生的强烈上升运动,抽吸作用明显,为深对流的发展提供了条件,也促进了大暴雨区附近小尺度系统的产生和维持。喇叭口地形触发了γ尺度对流云团的生成和发展,3个γ尺度对流系统的发展,造成2次强降水叠加形成此次大暴雨天气过程。     

Adoption and Impact of Modern Rice Varieties on Poverty in Eastern India

The factors affecting the adoption of modern varieties(MVs) of rice and impact on poverty in Odisha, India were discussed. A total of 363 households from Cuttack and Sambalpur districts of Odisha via multistage sampling technique participated in the survey. The Cragg's Double hurdle model was used to model the determinants of adoption and intensity of adoption of MVs of rice, and the propensity score matching was used to analyze the impact of adoption on poverty. The results showed that age, education, risk aversion, land size, yield, perception of MVs as high yielding, resistant to diseases and availability of MVs positively influenced the decision to adopt. However, variables such as household size, experience of a farmer, off-farm job participation, amount of credit received, cost of seeds, insecticides and fertilizers negatively influenced the adoption of MVs. Intensity of adoption of MVs was negatively influenced by experience of a farmer, cost of fertilizer and marketability of MVs, and positively affected by household size, risk aversion, land size, cost of insecticides, perception of MVs as high yielding and availability of MV seeds. Poverty incidence, gap and severity were high among non-adopters to adopters of MVs. After matching adopters and non-adopters of MV groups using four different algorithms of nearest neighbour matching, stratification matching, radius matching and kernel matching, the impact of MV adoption resulted in higher per capita monthly household expenditure by about US$ 52.82 to US$ 63.17.     

Research and Design of Simulative System of Elevators Based on Java

设计了控制电梯运行的调度算法；其次，采用面向对象语言编写程序模拟电梯运行，其中使用双缓冲技术来解决电梯图片在刷新过程中出现的闪烁现象；最后，测试该系统的正确性和合理性。     

Adaptation to Change and Re-designing of Governance Systems: Cases from Small-Scale Rural Forestry

Changes in small-scale forest governance as a reaction to global changes are viewed from the system dynamics perspective, focused on two levels of dynamic systems: the policy system with sets of interactions at the national level and the management system at the local level. These interactions are considered through permanent adaptation and re-shaping of stakeholders’ networks and positions provoking further changes in the systems. Empirical evidence has been obtained from two case studies related to small-scale rural forestry in distinct contexts—France (the Territorial Forestry Charters) and Kyrgyzstan (collaborative forest management and leasing of forest plots)—and viewed through a theoretical framework of social-political systems dynamics. The changes caused by the systems’ capacity for adaptability and resilience are expressed through a double spiral of decision-making, characterising the interactions between national policies and local management practices. The analysis leads to a conclusion that changes are basically determined by the formal and informal stakeholders’ strategies developed in a specific context and their mutual adaptation aimed at system resilience.

应对胶合板“双反”调查的分析及思考

我国与美国在林产品国际贸易上一直纠纷不断。继2006年美国对我国林产品进行"337"调查、2010年对我国复合地板"反倾销、反补贴"调查之后,2012年,美国几家胶合板企业联合向美商务部DOC递交了关于启动对中国出口美胶合板产品"反倾销、反补贴"调查的报告。中国林产工业协会及涉案企业经过1年多的努力应诉,终于在美国国际贸易委员会(ITC)终裁环节中获得胜利。围绕美国对我国胶合板产品"反倾销、反补贴"调查胜诉案例,全面分析了"双反"调查提出的背景,简述了我国对胶合板"双反"调查的应诉情况,系统总结了应对"双反"胜诉的原因、获得的经验、产生的影响。并对今后面临问题所应采取的措施进行了深入思考。     

Finsler 流形的 Cartan 型1形式的一些性质

给出了 Cartan 型1形式的外微分与 Bott 陈联络的曲率之间的关系，探讨了其与畸变、 S 曲率之间的关系，证明了 Berwald 流形的 Cartan 型1形式为恰当形式。利用 Cartan 型1形式构造了 Finsler 流形的射影球丛上的一个 Randers 度量，证明该度量为 Landsberg 度量的充要条件是底流形为 Riemann 流形。证明了 Cartan 型1形式及Cartan 1形式的对偶向量场为共型向量场的充要条件是底流形为 Riemman 流形。     

茄子新品种海丰长茄1 号的选育

海丰长茄1 号是以双单倍体（DH）株系02-QP-19 为母本，优良自交系A-40 为父本配制而成的长茄一代杂种。平
均始花节位为第9 节，植株生长势强，叶片绿色，叶脉、叶柄和主茎的颜色为紫色，植株半开张类型。果实平均纵径31.5
cm，横径4.5 cm，果皮紫黑色，有光泽，果实顶部尖，平均单果质量220 g，VC 和VP 的含量分别为23.2 mg·kg^-1 和0.035%。
一般每667 m² 产量5 000 kg 左右。适宜北京、吉林和黑龙江等地区露地种植。     

春白萝卜新品种雪单3 号的选育

雪单3 号是利用双单倍体育种技术选育的春白萝卜新品种。母本ED0108A 是以梅花春萝卜× 白玉春萝卜进行花药培
养获得的DH 系为轮回父本，与不育系进行多次回交，转育成的雄性不育系。父本ED3128 是由迟花春萝卜× 天鸿春萝卜进行
花药培养获得的DH 系。该品种生育期60 d（天），植株开展度45 cm，裂叶，小叶11 对，叶片数20，叶簇平展，叶色深绿；
肉质根长圆柱形，白皮白肉，根长36 cm，横径7.1 cm，单根质量1.1 kg，高抗黑腐病、芜菁花叶病毒病、黄瓜花叶病毒病和花
椰菜花叶病毒病，抗霜霉病，群体整齐度高。每667 m² 产量4 000～5 000 kg。适宜在湖北、湖南、河南、山东等地区早春栽培。     

张家口宣化地区双膜覆盖西瓜栽培技术

以张家口宣化地区万亩的西瓜种植基地为研究对象,分析了当地一百多年以来西瓜种植技术演化改进后的种植方式,包括西瓜自根苗连作的栽培方式及双膜覆盖西瓜套种茄子的经济效益,肯定了这种西瓜栽培方式在当地继续发展和推广的价值。