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1.
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The neotropical brown stink bug Euschistus heros (F.) is an important pest for many crops in several countries and its ability to survive on associated...  相似文献   
2.
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The reproduction potential of nine single-species Meloidogyne populations and 16 mixed-species communities, recovered from watermelon rhizospheres in...  相似文献   
3.
Cold plasma, an ionized gas produced by applying an electrical current to air, can be used to produce plasma-activated water (PAW), which has excellent antimicrobial properties. In this study PAW was applied to conidia of Colletotrichum alienum to investigate its impact on conidial germination in vitro. PAW was produced by treating tap, deionized, or distilled water with cold plasma for 30 or 60 min to produce PAW30 or PAW60, each of which was then incubated for up to 24 hr with a conidial suspension of C. alienum in a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, or 1:3 (conidial suspension:PAW), and the percentage germination measured. The greatest reduction in germination occurred when conidia were incubated with PAW60 produced from deionized water or distilled water, for all ratios. For PAW30, deionized water was the most effective for all three ratios, and on this basis, deionized water was selected for all further experiments. PAW produced from smaller volumes of water and at shorter distances from the cold plasma source was more effective at reducing germination. Treatment of conidia with acidified water was not as effective as PAW at inhibiting germination. Nitrates and nitrites were present in the PAW in varying concentrations and may have contributed to the inhibition of germination. PAW retained activity and reduced germination even after storage for 15 days. These findings demonstrate the potential of PAW as a novel treatment for postharvest fungal pathogens.  相似文献   
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5.
为了发挥毛竹林生产潜力,增加竹农经济收入,在多年实践研究的基础上总结出一套毛竹鞭笋丰产培育技术。研究认为:在毛竹笋材两用林中采挖鞭笋,不会影响整体的竹鞭鞭径和竹鞭总量生长;毛竹林地覆盖稻草和砻糠能显著提高第3年的鞭笋产量;培育高产鞭笋的最佳施肥时间为每年的5月;鞭笋采收时间为5-10月。毛竹鞭笋丰产培育技术可在毛竹笋材两用林经营中推广应用。  相似文献   
6.
The use of T-61 as a sole euthanasia agent for birds was investigated. Nine broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were euthanized by intravenous T-61 and assessed for insensibility [brainstem reflexes: nictitating membrane reflex (NIC), palpebral blink reflex (PAL)], brain death [isoelectric electroencephalogram activity (EEG)], cessation of audible heartbeat, and abnormal electrocardiogram. Birds were considered dead when the heart rate was less than 180 beats/minute with an isoelectric EEG. No vocalization or wing flapping occurred. Both NIC and PAL were lost 10.5 s from start of injection and audible heartbeat ceased at 24.5 s. Latency to isoelectric activity was 16.6 s. All but 1 bird died within 60 s. Rapid induction of insensibility meant birds did not experience pain and distress within 10.5 s from start of injection and birds were not conscious during cardiac and circulatory arrest. Intravenous injection of T-61 is an effective and efficient euthanasia method for birds.  相似文献   
7.
A 2-year-old intact female Alaskan husky sled dog was presented with a history of chronic exercise-induced regurgitation refractory to medical management. Previous diagnostics were unremarkable except for an endoscopic examination and histopathologic evaluation of the upper gastrointestinal tract that revealed the presence of Helicobacter spp. and mild non-specific inflammation of the proximal duodenum. A laparoscopic hiatal herniorrhaphy, esophagopexy, fundopexy, and ovariectomy were performed without complications in anesthesia or surgery and clinical improvement was observed with continued follow-up for 8 months after surgery.Key clinical message:Surgical treatment for hiatal hernia may be considered in racing Alaskan sled dogs with regurgitation refractory to gastric protectant therapy.  相似文献   
8.
  1. The white-spotted wedgefish (Rhynchobatus djiddensis) is a Critically Endangered shark-like ray in the family Rhinidae. Throughout its Western Indian Ocean distribution, it is targeted for its valuable meat and fins and is reported to have undergone major population declines. However, there remains a need for species specific time-series data to accurately assess localized population declines.
  2. This study used two independent long-term (37 and 40 years) time-series catch data from competitive shore angling and shark nets to investigate the size composition and catch per unit effort (CPUE) and conduct a risk assessment for the population on the east coast of South Africa.
  3. From 1977 to 2017 the competitive shore fishery captured 7,703 individual R. djiddensis, whilst shark nets in the same region captured 2,856 individuals from 1981 to 2017. Individuals captured in the nets had a sex ratio of 1.8:1 females to males, and were larger than those caught by the anglers. Although the mean annual sizes of net-caught individuals were above the size of reported sexual maturity, there was little evidence to suggest that any individuals captured were reproductively active.
  4. Both the competitive shore fishery and shark net catches exhibited strong seasonal trends with the majority of R. djiddensis catches occurring from October to May peaking in austral summer. Standardized CPUE from the competitive shore fishery declined substantially between 1977 and 2017 and shark net catches exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) fourfold decline in annual nominal CPUE from 1981 to 2017.
  5. Ultimately, a risk assessment showed a 65.1% decline in abundance over a period of three generation lengths, which indicates that the sampled population of R. djiddensis in South Africa should be classified as Endangered according to the IUCN Red List using criterion A2b. The conservation implications of this are discussed.
  相似文献   
9.
  目的  探究水分含量对低分子量三聚氰胺脲醛(MUF)树脂溶液固化特性的影响,为阐明树脂浸渍材在不同干燥阶段、不同空间层位中的树脂固化特性提供数据支撑。  方法  以实验室自制的MUF树脂溶液为研究对象,将其稀释成20%、30%、40%、50%后进行升温差示扫描量热测试(DSC),通过外推法消除升温速率对峰顶温度的影响,拟合求解其最佳固化温度,定性阐述水分含量对MUF树脂固化特性的影响,并运用Kissinger微分法和Flynn-Wall-Ozawa积分法计算20%、30%、40%、50%树脂溶液固化反应的表观活化能,定量分析水分对树脂固化特性的影响。  结果  随着MUF树脂溶液质量分数的降低,DSC曲线中峰顶温度整体上呈现向高温方向偏移的趋势,但是在升温速率15和20 ℃/min条件下,20%树脂溶液DSC曲线的峰顶温度峰位置向低温区域发生了偏移;通过外推法得到的20%、30%、40%、50% MUF树脂溶液的最佳固化温度分别为93.99、90.71、85.46和79.71 ℃;运用Kissinger微分法计算得到其表观活化能分别为92.94、82.37、65.93和50.68 kJ/mol,其结果与Flynn-Wall-Ozawa积分法验算结果相近。  结论  整体上,消除升温速率的影响后,水分对树脂固化反应起阻碍作用,并且水分越多,阻碍效应越明显;但在较高升温速率(15和20 ℃/min)条件下,20%MUF树脂溶液的DSC测试结果表明水分促进树脂固化反应,这可能是由分子运动加剧造成的。   相似文献   
10.
2021年1月12—19日,山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区大汶流管理站出现35只死亡的野生疣鼻天鹅。经现场调查,市级和省级实验室检测,诊断为疑似H5N8亚型高致病性禽流感,经国家禽流感参考实验室进行病毒分离鉴定,最终确定为H5N8亚型高致病性禽流感疫情。疫情发生后,通过现场调查、座谈及实验室检测等方式,对此次疫情开展了紧急流行病学调查,追溯疫情的可能来源,分析疫情的扩散风险,继而提出针对性的应急处置措施。调查发现,此次疫情由迁徙候鸟带毒引入引起的可能性较大;野生鸟类未及时开展免疫,导致体内抗体水平低下是疫情暴发的内源因素。由于迅速采取了合理的应急处理措施,此次疫情得到迅速控制,避免了疫情扩散。本次疫情警示,必须切实做好禽流感的强制免疫和监测工作,高度重视自然保护区及其附近场所珍稀禽类的免疫,以降低疫情发生风险。  相似文献   
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