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排序方式: 共有21条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The purpose of this study was to examine the genotypic variation in maize doubled haploid (DH) lines response to brassinosteroid and gibberellin inhibitors. Plant responses to hormone inhibitors were determined in growth chamber experiments using germination paper for three different seedling treatments: application of propiconazole (Pcz), uniconazole (Ucz) or water (control). Mesocotyl length (ML) was more sensitive to hormone inhibitors, especially to the Ucz treatment, than other seedling traits. ML was significantly correlated with other traits in the Ucz treatment. All the seedling traits showed moderate-to-high broad sense heritability values, ranging from 0.39 to 0.82. The Euclidian genetic distances of inbred line pairs ranged from 1.27 to 19.94, indicating there was a high level of variability across the maize DH lines used in this study. DH lines with extreme MLs were identified, which can provide valuable breeding resources for improving abiotic stress tolerance, and for further genetic studies.  相似文献   
2.
双子叶植物的下胚轴和单子叶植物的中胚轴的生长模式是暗形态建成和光形态建成的重要标志性发育事件,黑暗促进其延伸,而光照则抑制其生长。拟南芥下胚轴的形态建成受光信号通路与植物激素途径中许多重要基因的调控,这些基因在农作物中的同源基因,往往也与许多重要的农艺性状有关。基于此,以玉米的中胚轴在暗形态建成中的长度作为表型标记,从EMS突变体库中(包含6 150份郑58背景株系和2 340份B73背景株系)筛选获得96株中胚轴长度异常的突变体。进一步对其中两个突变体进行了初步分析,发现这两个突变体在BR信号途径发生缺陷。玉米暗形态建成突变体的获得将不仅有助于解析玉米对光信号的应答,而且有助于揭示光信号通路与其他信号途径的互作。  相似文献   
3.
赤霉素和脱落酸对谷子黄化幼苗中胚轴伸长生长的调节   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
对冀谷11号及矮秆突变体矮宁黄、CH84113黄化幼苗中胚轴伸长生长的研究发现,0.1μmol/L左右的赤纱和脱落酸可显著促进谷子中胚轴的伸长,其中GA3的效应高于GA1的ABA和GA之间有叠加效应,矮秆突变体对GA和ABA的反应尤为敏感;S-33067和高浓度的GA、ABA抑制中胚轴的伸长,S-3307预处理使的效应延缓,并且使ABA不再表现出促进效应。  相似文献   
4.
北方杂草稻出苗特性的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以43份北方杂草稻为试材,栽培稻秋光为对照,对北方杂草稻的出苗动力及其与出苗率、秧苗素质的关系进行了研究.结果表明:杂草稻的耐深播性强于秋光.在覆土3 cm条件下,杂草稻的出苗动力主要源于中胚轴的伸长.在覆土5 cm条件下,大部分杂草稻的芽鞘节间也发生伸长,与中胚轴共同成为出苗动力.中胚轴长度与出苗率及秧苗素质的相关性随覆土深度的增加而加大.杂草稻有较强的耐深播性,但不同材料间仍有较大差异.随着覆土深度的增加,中胚轴的伸长对提高出苗率及秧苗素质有显著的作用.  相似文献   
5.
6.
Summary Mesocotyl length is an important character in promoting seedling emergence of direct-seeded rice. Genetic analysis of rice mesocotyl length was conducted using a six parent diallel cross. Generation mean analysis was carried out on parents (P), F1, F2 and backcrosses (B) of three crosses to complement the genetic information from the diallel analysis. Both analyses demonstrated the presence of significant additive and dominance effects. Duplicate type of non-allelic interaction was detected by the generation mean analysis and two crosses showed significant negative dominance gene effect. Dominance was partial and the narrow sense heritability estimate for mesocotyl length was high, indicating the preponderance of the additive effects.Mesocotyl length was negatively but weakly correlated with the coleoptile length and length of the second internode L2. There was no correlation between mesocotyl length and other mature plant characters such as plant height and internode lengths L1, (L1 being the peduncle with subsequent internodes to the base of the plant). Selection for mesocotyl length can therefore be carried out independent of these plant characters and semidwarf rice varieties with long mesocotyl can be developed.  相似文献   
7.
水稻出苗顶土动力源研究   总被引:13,自引:2,他引:11  
 在自然条件下,通过设计不同的出苗阻力(覆土深度2 cm、4 cm和6 cm)来测定中胚轴伸长潜力不同的水稻种质的出苗速度、成苗率和芽鞘节及中胚轴的长度,以分析影响水稻种子顶土出苗的动力源。结果表明,水稻种子的出苗动力主要来源于芽鞘节间和中胚轴的伸长。在不同阻力处理条件下,不同种质出苗动力差异较大,其中覆土2 cm的不同种质出苗率相差不明显,与室内发芽率结果比较接近,覆土4 cm和覆土6 cm的两个处理不同种质间出苗率差异明显,长胚轴种质出苗速度快,出苗率高,出苗率与室内发芽率相差不大;而短胚轴种质出苗速度慢,出苗率低,其中春江683的出苗率与室内发芽率相比分别下降了6.5和86.2个百分点。研究表明水稻中胚轴的伸长对覆土较深的种子顶土出苗起到关键作用,长胚轴种质顶土出苗动力来自于芽鞘节与中胚轴的共同作用,出苗动力强;而短胚轴顶土出苗动力主要来源于芽鞘节的伸长,出苗动力较弱。还对通过选育长胚轴直播稻品种解决直播稻易倒伏和出苗差等难题的可能性进行了探讨。  相似文献   
8.
Screening for Rice Germplasms with Specially-Elongated Mesocotyl   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Rice, Oryza sativa L., is a monocotyledonous plant of the Gramineae. Rice mesocotyl refers to the structure between radicel and embryo in rice seedlings. The elongation of mesocotyl is related directly to rice seedling emergence from soil. In general, the elongated length of mesocotyl is correlated to the depth of the seeds in soil, but this correlation varies with rice varieties [1]. The studies on rice mesocotyl revealed that mesocotyl elongation is determined primarily by genotype [2,3]. …  相似文献   
9.
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide and is a model organism among cereal crops. Abiotic and biotic stresses are often present simultaneously and severely influence maize production, causing great yield losses worldwide. Therefore, the selection and cultivation of stress-tolerant maize lines that adapt to various stresses is instrumental in addressing the problem of yield losses caused by stress. The maize mesocotyl is the crucial organ that pushes shoots out of deep water or soil after seed germination. It has a simple anatomy and exhibits rapid growth in the dark. In this article, we reviewed the studies on the elongation of the maize mesocotyl and the actions of phytohormones, especially under deep-sowing conditions, and emphasized the role of the maize mesocotyl in response to environmental stress and deep-sowing tolerance. We propose that the maize mesocotyl can serve as a selection organ for evaluating stress tolerance at the early seedling stage. We also identify future research fields that need further investigation in studies of the maize mesocotyl.  相似文献   
10.
In annual plants affected by inflorescence‐invading smut pathogens, avoidance of infection is crucial, while in the event of infection, the existence of different degrees of tolerance could also affect the interaction dynamics. Two experiments were performed with Digitaria sanguinalis spikelets vacuum inoculated with ustilospores of Ustilago syntherismae. In the first experiment, they were sown in pots and mature plants were checked to detect internal hyphae. Observations revealed the presence of symptomless mycelium in a few plants. In the second experiment the spikelets, from two different lots, were grown in a chamber. The objective was to explore the importance of two factors in the degree of seedling infection, one genotypic – type of germination (TG; radicular or coleoptilar) and one environmental – 48 h dark treatment (DT) applied just after germination. Analysis of the infection frequency showed that all the main effects (seed lot origin, TG and DT) were significant, while interactions were not. For TG, the estimated least square mean infection percentages were 66% for radicular germination and 46% for coleoptilar germination. Darkness increased seedling infection by 25%. Differences between TG, DT and their relationship with mesocotyl length exposed to the germinating spores are discussed.  相似文献   
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