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排序方式： 共有2410条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
K. R. SALIN T. M. YOHANNAN & C. MOHANAKUMARAN NAIR 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2005,12(4):269-273
Abstract Seahorses ( Hippocampus spp. ) are a major commodity fished from the shallow coastal seas of the south coast of India where there is an abundance of sea grasses, sponges and corals. They are in great demand for export as traditional medicines, curios and aquarium fish. Organised fishing and trade of seahorses exists in India along the Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar coasts. At the Palk Bay coast, seahorses are targeted by divers along with sea cucumbers ( Holothuria spp. ) and gastropods (e.g. Murex spp., Xancus pyrum Hornell). In the Gulf of Mannar, most of the seahorses are landed as bycatch of shrimp trawling. Seahorses are also fished from Kerala as a bycatch of trawling, although no organised fishery and trade exists. Five species of seahorses were identified from the Palk Bay coast, whereas only two species were obtained from Kerala. Most seahorses from India are exported to Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates. The volume of dried seahorse trade from India was estimated to be 9.75 t as derived from catch data in 2001, which was much higher than official statistics of 4.34 t during 2001–2002, suggesting the major part of the exports might be through non-conventional means and goes undeclared. Some aspects of the impact of large-scale fishing and trade on conservation of these seahorses are discussed. 相似文献
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《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2012,17(4):69-80
Abstract In order to conserve the populations of American black bears (Ursus americanus) policy—makers must begin to understand the driving forces behind, and the links between, the trade in American black bear parts and mortality in American black bear populations. A great deal has been written on the growing trade in bear parts along with the various attempts being made to slow the trade in wild bear parts. The question remains, however, as to what effect this growing trade is having on American black bear populations. By reviewing the literature regarding the history of the exploitation of bears along with the attitudes underlying these forms of utilization, this article will explain why attempts to decrease the supply and demand for wild parts can only work in the long run and may, in fact, be misguided if relied upon as the primary short run solution to conserve American black bear populations. 相似文献
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根据国家标准,属于“红木”范围的树种为豆科的5属8类33种．5属是以树木学的属来命名的,即紫檀属、黄檀属、崖豆属、柿属、铁刀木属．8类是以木材商品名来命名的,即紫檀木类、花梨木类、香枝木类、黑酸枝类、红酸枝类、乌木类、务纹乌木类、鸡翅类．介绍了33个红木树种的名称、木材结构、气干密度、等级划分等． 相似文献
5.
Ikuo Ota 《Small-Scale Forestry》2006,5(1):111-125
Yusuhara Forest Owners’ Cooperative (YFOC) in Kochi Prefecture in Japan received its forest management certification from the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) in 2000. YFOC is recognised as the resource manager of its members’ forests, and they were the first organisation to gain such certification in Japan. With the continuous efforts of selling FSC certified wood in the domestic housing construction market, YFOC has substantially increased their timber sales in recent years. It is a noteworthy event in Japanese small-scale forestry, which has been struggling with declining economic performance for many years. This paper analyses the detail of forestry activities and changes which occurred in YFOC after certification by FSC. An interesting effect of increasing economic performance is found to have come from an unexpected direction. It is concluded that the FSC certification system is a possible tool to revitalise Japanese small-scale forestry as well as obtain favourable environmental outcomes. 相似文献
6.
为了提高黑龙江省对日贸易的预测精度,对灰色系统和马尔科夫理论进行研究分析,建立黑龙江省对日贸易额灰色马尔可夫预测模型。该模型融合灰色系统与马尔科夫理论的特点,可以大大提高预测精度。在实例应用中,建立贸易额GM（1,1）灰色预测模型,在获得预测值和残差检验的基础上,将原始数据划分为3个状态,计算状态转移概率,利用灰区间中位数建立贸易额灰色马尔可夫预测模型,对黑龙江省对日贸易额进行预测,将预测的结果与GM（1,1）的进行比较,结果表明,灰色马尔可夫预测模型不仅可以预测贸易额,而且其预测精度明显高于GM（1,1）预测。 相似文献
7.
Jeffrey A. McNeely 《Euphytica》2006,148(1-2):5-15
Summary While the issue of invasive alien species has important biological components, economic factors such as global trade deserve much greater attention for several reasons. First, virtually all of our planet’s ecosystems have a strong and increasing anthropogenic component that is being fed by increasing globalisation of the economy. Second, people are designing the kinds of ecosystems they find productive or congenial, incorporating species from all parts of the world through quicker and more efficient means of transportation. And third, growing travel and trade, coupled with weakening customs and quarantine controls, mean that people are both intentionally and inadvertently introducing alien species that may become invasive. The great increase in the introduction of alien species that people are importing for economic, aesthetic, accidental, or even psychological reasons is leading to more species invading native ecosystems, with disastrous results: they become invasive alien species (IAS) that have significant deleterious effects on both ecosystems and economies. This paper examines some of the important non-biological dimensions of the IAS problem, including historical, economic, cultural, linguistic, health, sociological, management, legal, military, ethical, and political dimensions. These are addressed in terms of the causes, consequences, and responses to the problem of IAS. These dimensions of IAS are fundamental, and successfully addressing the problem will call for greater collaboration between different economic sectors and among a wide range of disciplines. The Convention on Biological Diversity, the negotiations of the World Trade Organisation, and many other international agreements offer important opportunities for addressing the complex global problems of IAS through improved international cooperation. 相似文献
8.
《Wood material science & engineering》2007,2(2):55-65
During drying, timber changes its shape, mainly as a result of specific properties such as shrinkage anisotropy, radial differences in longitudinal shrinkage and spiral grain. The distortion, causing severe downgrading, can be reduced by restraining the timber and by using special drying schemes. The research described here is related to a project on the improvement of shape stability of Norway spruce. In the present part, different larch species from three stands were dried at high temperatures (80, 120 and 170°C). The effects of restraint during presteaming, drying and steaming on short-term twist reduction were investigated. The permanency of drying distortions was investigated in subsequent moisture cycling. Results showed a clear dependency of twist on the distance to pith. Restrained specimens sawn close to pith experienced reduced twist. This twist reduction was permanent during subsequent moisture variations. Drying temperature did not significantly influence twist and twist amplitude in moisture cycling. 相似文献
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