西宁市郊森林资源规划设计调查

森林资源规划设计调查(简称"二类调查")是以县级行政范围或国有林业局(场)为单位,以满足森林经营、编制森林经营方案、总体设计和县级林业区划、规划等需要进行的森林资源调查。本文主要对调查成果及今后发展对策提出意见。     

北京地区规模化奶牛场牛病毒性腹泻病血清学调查

对北京郊区6个未进行牛病毒性腹泻病（BVD）免疫牛场的546份奶牛血清样品,使用牛病毒性腹泻抗体ELISA试剂盒进行检测,并对其中3个牛群进行牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）血清抗原筛查。共检出阳性血清514份,总阳性率94.1%,其中5个牛场的场内血清抗体阳性率在95%以上。牛病毒性腹泻持续性感染牛（PI牛）筛查的3个牛群均有阳性牛检出。结果表明,北京地区规模化奶牛场存在牛病毒性腹泻感染和接触史,应采取净化措施进行控制。     

黑龙江省汤原县团结林场森林资源调查情况分析

从3个方面分别介绍了黑龙江省汤原县林业局所属的团结林场的自然、资源及经济情况。     

农村居民对食品安全的认知及消费行为调查——基于河北省6地市的调查

2009年7月在河北省6地市进行了农村居民对食品安全的认知及消费行为调查。结果表明:河北省农村居民食品安全意识不高。究其原因,主要是农村经济发展水平不高、农村地区食品市场信息不对称、农村居民的维权意识差以及相关制度不够完善。     

苍山马龙峰中药资源调查与评价

目的:通过对云南省大理州苍山马龙峰野生中药资源的调查,为该区域内野生中药资源的深入研究与开发提供参考。方法:采用踏查、详查和访问调查方式以获取相关资料。结果:实地共调查到马龙峰有31科44属47种野生药用植物,其中孢子植物4科4属4种,双子叶植物23科36属37种,单子叶植物4科6属6种。结论:马龙峰野生药用植物资源贮量较丰富,但部分种类受各种因素影响,贮量已经下降。     

马尾口岸进境废物原料查验区疫情本底调查

2014年8月15 ～ 22日在马尾口岸废物原料查验区采用诱捕、踏查、实验室形态鉴定方法对昆虫、软体动物、杂草等进行调查.结果表明,该次调查共涉及昆虫8目25科35种1 736种次,杂草14科30种,软体动物3科4种143种次.     

上海动物园游客保护教育需求及满意度调查

本研究利用问卷调查收集了上海动物园游客类型与特征、游园目的、游客游览时获得野生动物科普知识的途径、游客对现有科普活动的评价、对科普教育的需求、游客满意度、意见与建议等,并进行了研究。结果表明,大部分(66.02%)游客为本市居民和暂居本市的中青年。近9成(89.51%)游客携带孩子游览动物园,其中超过半数(52.34%)为父母与孩子共同出行。游客游园目的主要为观看动物、游玩娱乐和让孩子学习动物知识。观察动物和阅读动物科普说明牌是游客学习动物科普知识的主要途径。互动类和深度游类项目,是游客最愿意参加的活动类型。游客更希望园方从动物科普设施、饲养员讲解、志愿者讲解这3方面提升其教育功能。总体而言,游客对上海动物园感到满意,超过半数(53.81%)表示很满意。具体而言,动物说明牌的满意度最高,其次是路面状况和路标指示牌。基于研究结果,提出以下建议:提升科普活动的内涵和互动性;提升游园体验,延长游览时间;寻找迎合和引导的平衡;完善基础设施。     

Diclofop resistance in sterile wild oat (Avena sterilis L.) in wheat fields in Greece and its management by other post-emergence herbicides

In 2009, a survey was conducted of cereal fields in five prefectures of Greece to establish the frequency and distribution of herbicide-resistant sterile wild oat (Avena sterilis L.). In total, 104 sterile wild oat accessions were collected and screened in a field experiment (conducted in 2009 and repeated in 2010) with several herbicides commonly used to control this weed. Most of the sterile wild oat accessions (89%) were classed as resistant (or developing resistant) to the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide diclofop, while resistance to other ACCase-inhibiting herbicides was markedly lower. The results of the pot experiments showed that some of the sterile wild oat accessions were found to have a very high level of diclofop resistance (resistance index up to 28.6), while cross-resistance with other herbicides was common. The levels of resistance and cross-resistance patterns varied among biotypes with different amount and time of selection pressure, indicating either more than one mechanism of resistance or different resistance mutations in these sterile wild oat biotypes. LA14, which had the highest diclofop resistance level (28.6 resistance index), showed resistance to all APP herbicides applied and non-ACCase inhibitors. Alternative ACCase-inhibiting herbicides, namely tralkoxydim and pinoxaden remain effective on 86 and 92% of the tested sterile wild oat populations, respectively. For the ALS-inhibiting herbicide mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron, nearly all the sterile wild oat accessions were susceptible (97%), with only 3 of them classed as developing resistance. Therefore, there is an opportunity to effectively control sterile wild oat by selecting from a wide range of herbicides and other cultural practices. Early post-emergence herbicide application is strongly suggested, since it could decrease the number of resistant seeds in the field and slow down the dispersal of this major problem.     

PDA在森林资源规划设计调查工作中的应用

从若干方面介绍了PDA在森林资源调查规划设计中的应用范围及使用的方式方法。     

An initial survey of the cattle grub Dermatobia hominis (L. Jr.) in Nicaragua

After the civil war and the Hurricane-Mitch disaster, cattlemen in Nicaragua were forced to transport their cattle from lowland areas to higher, dryer areas of the country. These areas are natural ecological niches for the cattle grub Dermatobia hominis (L. Jr.) (Diptera: Cuterebridae). To determine the importance of this infestation, the Agricultural and Livestock-Forestry Ministry selected a central area of Nicaragua to run a pioneer survey program to acquire information about hosts involved, number of cases, treatments applied and general knowledge of 42 farmers about the life cycle of the parasite. The subjects were either farm owners or farm managers. Ninety-five percentage of the farms indicated cases of D. hominis infestation in their animals, with cattle being the most affected host (100% of the affected farms). There was poor understanding of the D. hominis life cycle, vectors and control methods. A misuse of insecticides for the treatment of larval infestation by D. hominis was indicated.