水稻主要抗瘟基因对福建稻瘟菌群体的抗性分析

用1995～2003年间在福建省水稻产区采集的稻瘟菌代表菌系的108个分离菌,它们在CO39近等基因系上测定被划分为30个毒性类型,用它们在30个水稻抗稻瘟病近等基因系或单基因系品种上进行抗病性测定.结果表明水稻抗稻瘟病基因Pi-kh抗性最强,抗性频率高达98.15%,Pi-1和Pi-9(t)也具有较高的抗性频率,是较好的抗源;对2个和3个Pi基因的联合抗性频率的分析,发现一些联合抗性频率极高,甚至有达到100%的组合,表明抗瘟育种采用多个Pi基因聚合,易于获得抗性强的品种.根据抗病基因与供试菌株互作的亲和性,对供试30个Pi基因可能的系统关系分析得到的初步信息可为抗病基因的聚合与布局策略提供参考.     

三江白猪氟烷基因频率分析

本试验随机抽取216头30日龄左右的三江白猪,从外周血液中提取基因组DNA,经纯化后应用所设计的引物进行PCR扩增,酶切鉴定后分析三江白猪氟烷基因(RYR1)的基因与基因型频率.结果表明PCR反应条件优化后,扩增出659 bp的特异性基因片段,经Hha Ⅰ和HgiAⅠ两种内切酶消化后,发现三江白猪T/T(Haln/Hal)基因型频率为4.16%;C/C(HalN/HalN)型为88.43%;C/T(HalN/Haln)型为7.41%.HalN基因频率为92.13%,Haln基因频率为7.87%.此结果表明,三江白猪中氟烷敏感基因频率和基因型频率均较低,可以通过标记辅助选择方法很快予以剔除.     

晚稻细菌性条斑病预测方式的探讨

根据衡东县晚稻细菌性条斑病的发病历史资料,在测定发病面积与生态条件相关程度的基础上,利用条件频率法进行判别,预测与实际吻合。经历史回代检验,准确率达100％。     

1993年全国小麦秆锈菌种群动态分析

１９９３年我国小麦秆锈病发生较轻，从８个省１８个区县中的４７个品种上采集到的９５个标样中分离到菌株３３６个，鉴定出２１Ｃ３ＣＫＲ、２１Ｃ３ＣＫＨ、２１Ｃ３ＣＴＲ、２１Ｃ３ＣＴＨ、２１Ｃ３ＣＦＲ、２１Ｃ３ＣＦＨ、３４Ｃ１ＭＫＲ、３４Ｃ１ＭＫＨ和３４Ｃ２ＭＫＲ等９个致病类型；２１Ｃ３ＣＫＲ的出现频率为６５．２％，居于首位，２１Ｃ３ＣＤＨ为１４．５％，２１Ｃ３ＣＴＲ为１０．７％，２１Ｃ３ＣＦＲ为４．２％     

载有集中质量梁的振动频率

本文所讨论的是载有集中质量的梁的振动频率.假设粱的一端由恒定刚度的弹簧铰定,另一端是自由的.通过频率方程求解,发现了极值频率定理.理论证明:如果集中质量很小(对梁的质量而言),当集中质量的位置改变,位于无载梁的某次简正振动的节点(腹点),振动频率具有极大(极小)值.极大频率就是梁在该次的简正振动的频率,与集中质量的大小无关;极小频率却与质量有关.最后在改变边界条件的情况下,梁振动的极值频率定理也被研究是成立的.所以本定理具有普遍意义.     

蛋种鸡场新城疫散发的原因及预防措施

自新城疫在我国暴发以来，每隔一段时间新城疫就会在我国的不同地区发生。近几年，其发生频率加快，发生情况也变为不同程度的散发。最近在河南省、河北省、山东等地区的蛋种鸡场陆续发现非典型鸡新城疫病例，给这些地方的种鸡场造成了极大的经济损失。     

安顺市粘虫发生规律及防治

粘虫俗称“行军虫”、“剃枝虫”、“五彩虫”等是一种杂食性爆发性害虫。在我国除新疆、西藏自治区外，全国各地均有分布。主要危害水稻、小麦、玉米、高粱、甘蔗、马唐、狗尾草等禾本科植物。安顺市属2代粘虫为害区，20世纪90年代发生频率较少，近几年来发生加重。特别是2003-2004年连续在紫云县和镇宁县部分地方爆发成灾。2003年仅紫云县的火花乡火烘、江纳村；水塘镇羊场片区的桥头、大关、塘发、砂锅、大寨村；镇宁县沙子乡的斗糯村玉米、杂草被害，发生面积4000hm^2，2004年全市各县、区均有不同程度发生，除危害玉米、杂草外，水稻同时受害，发生面积达11780hm^2，其中水稻发生2700hm^2，玉米9080hm^2。     

Evaluation of Thermal Environment of Cowshed and Correlation Analysis Between Thermal Parameter and Physiological Parameter of Dairy Cows in Central Plain of Hebei

The purpose of this study was to evaluate thermal environment of cowshed in four seasons in central plain of Hebei,and analyze the correlation between the temperature parameters and physiological indexes of dairy cows.Three dairy cow houses with different building structures were selected,the thermal parameters (ambient temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (RH)) and physiological parameters (respiratory rate,rectal temperature and body surface temperature) were detected.The results showed that the Ta,RH and index of temperature and humidity (THI) changed significantly in four seasons (P<0.05),the average daily temperature in summer was the highest (28.59 ℃),and the average daily temperature in winter was the lowest (1.55 ℃).In summer,dairy cows were suffering from mild heat stress for 15.5 h every day,and from moderate heat stress for 6.0 h.In winter,dairy cows were under mild cold stress for an average of 12.0 h per day.The Ta and THI of three cowsheds in each season had no significant differece (P>0.05),except for that in winter.Compared with the cowshed with low wall or roller blind,the average Ta in the cowshed with only roof was 0.80-1.27 ℃ higher in summer and 1.36-1.84 ℃ lower in winter.In addition,the physiological parameters of dairy cows were extremely significantly higher in summer than those in other seasons (P<0.01).The respiration frequency or rectal temperature of cows among cowsheds in summer were significantly different (P<0.05),and the seasonal difference in body surface temperature was significant (P<0.05).Correlation analysis of thermal parameters and cow physiological parameters showed that the respiratory frequency,rectal temperature and body surface temperature were positively correlated with THI and Ta (P<0.05).However,there was no significant correlation between physiological parameters and RH (P>0.05).The results provided scientific basis for environment evaluation of cows,and physiological status of dairy cows were inferred according to environmental thermal parameters,which provided data for occurrence and early warning of stress.     

不同地域长爪沙鼠群体间遗传状况分析

应用27个生化基因位点,分别对首都医科大学实验动物科学部和浙江省实验动物中心饲育的2个长爪沙鼠群体进行了遗传分析。结果显示,首都医科大学实验动物科学部长爪沙鼠群体遗传适应性、遗传多样性水平、遗传变异程度都明显高于浙江省实验动物中心沙鼠群体（P〈0.05）,并且这2个沙鼠群体间未出现较为明显的遗传分化（FST〉0.05）。