Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, Phyllodiscus semoni, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the Rat

In the natural world, there are many creatures with venoms that have interesting and varied activities. Although the sea anemone, a member of the phylum Coelenterata, has venom that it uses to capture and immobilise small fishes and shrimp and for protection from predators, most sea anemones are harmless to man. However, a few species are highly toxic; some have venoms containing neurotoxins, recently suggested as potential immune-modulators for therapeutic application in immune diseases. Phyllodiscus semoni is a highly toxic sea anemone; the venom has multiple effects, including lethality, hemolysis and renal injuries. We previously reported that venom extracted from Phyllodiscus semoni induced acute glomerular endothelial injuries in rats resembling hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), accompanied with complement dysregulation in glomeruli and suggested that the model might be useful for analyses of pathology and development of therapeutic approaches in HUS. In this mini-review, we describe in detail the venom-induced acute renal injuries in rat and summarize how the venom of Phyllodiscus semoni could have potential as a tool for analyses of complement activation and therapeutic interventions in HUS.     

单群PSL2(7)的特征性质及其初等证明

群的阶、谱及素图是有限群研究的基本工具.利用有限群的数量性质(如群的阶,元素的阶,素图等)来研究群的结构和性质是有限群研究的热点问题.施武杰教授率先提出用纯数量来刻画有限单群,即利用"两阶"来刻画有限单群,并提出了著名的施武杰猜想.目前,该猜想已经完全被解决.然而,回顾以往的工作,作者大多运用了单群的分类定理.尝试不用单群分类定理,仅利用谱来刻画有限单群PSL_2(7),用初等方法证明了G≌PSL_2(7)当且仅当π_e(G)={1,2,3,4,7}.     

Heat‐inactivated Mycobacterium bovis protects zebrafish against mycobacteriosis

Control of mycobacterial infection constitutes a priority for human and animal health worldwide. However, effective vaccines are needed for the control of human and animal tuberculosis (TB). Adult zebrafish have become a useful model for studying the pathophysiology of mycobacterial infection and for the development of novel interventions for TB control and prevention. Recently, parenteral and oral immunization with the heat‐inactivated Mycobacterium bovis vaccine (M. bovis IV) protected wild boar against TB. The objectives of this study were to provide additional support for the role of M. bovis IV in TB control using the zebrafish model and to conduct the first trial with this vaccine for the control of fish mycobacteriosis. The results showed that M. bovis IV protected zebrafish against mycobacteriosis caused by low and high infection doses of Mycobacterium marinum and provided evidence suggesting that the protective mechanism elicited by M. bovis IV in zebrafish as in other species is based on the activation of the innate immune response through the C3 pathway, with a role for the regulatory protein Akr2 in this process. These results encourage the use of M. bovis IV for TB control in different species.     

布鲁氏菌病微量补体结合试验的方法改进和应用

[目的]补体结合试验是布鲁氏菌病(简称"布病")血清学确诊方法.现行国家标准《动物布鲁氏菌病诊断技术》(GB/T 18646-2018)中收录的补体结合试验分为常量法补体结合试验(CFT)和微量法补体结合试验(mCFT),但两者之间的相关技术参数和结果判定标准均存在差异,导致常量法CFT和mCFT检测结果不一致.笔者通...     

超微技术对铁皮石斛粗多糖浸出的影响

通过苯酚-硫酸法测定铁皮石斛超微粉与铁皮石斛常规粉水溶性粗多糖的含量,探讨超微技术对铁皮石斛粗多糖浸出的影响。结果表明,铁皮石斛超微粉中水溶性粗多糖含量为484.6 mg/g,常规粉水溶性粗多糖含量为370.2 mg/g,铁皮石斛超微粉水溶性粗多糖含量比常规粉水溶性粗多糖含量高30.9%,二者的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超微技术有助于铁皮石斛粗多糖的浸出。     

不同品种的黄花菜鲜干花营养成分比较

采用国标测定方法，对不同品种的鲜黄花菜和干黄花菜的Ca，Fe，P，Mn维生素C等营养成分进行了分析比较。结果表明：鲜黄花菜的脂肪和维生素C含量高于干黄花菜，而蛋白质和其他微量元素的含量均低于干黄花菜，在所测定的4个品种中，冲天花和猛子花的蛋白质、糖类、Ca，Fe含量较高，且黄花菜的营养成分含量与香菇、木耳、冬笋的相比具有较大优势。     

中南穿梭育种对南斯拉夫玉米群体改良的互补性研究

198 5- 1997年对南斯拉夫玉米群体SYN1/ 9C0 进行半同胞轮回选择。 1998年通过把在唐山C1～C6和在贝尔格莱德进行C3～C6共计 10个轮回群体与 4个标准自交系进行半双列杂交研究 ,连续 2年试验 ,结果一致。研究结果表明对群体产量和测交组合产量以及产量杂种优势、配合力和田间部分性状一般配合力均存在显著差异 ,南斯拉夫和唐山两地改良效果极具互补性。实验表明 ,中南穿梭育种在提高南斯拉夫群体自身产量、测交组合产量的同时 ,能更为有效地提升群体杂种优势 ,使产量特殊配合力、一般配合力同时提高     

中国夏季旱涝预测研究-现状与进展

根据作者提出的气候变化理论“冬季西风急流与夏季副热带高压的能量互补与平衡”对1997～2001年夏季旱涝进行了预测试验。5年的主要多雨带均与实际雨带吻合,准确率超过国内其他预报机构所作预报。     

免疫多糖(酵母细胞壁)对中华鳖非特异性免疫功能的影响

报道了口服免疫多糖(酵母细胞壁)对中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)非特异性免疫功能影响的研究结果。试验中共设6个组,在各组饵料中免疫多糖的添加量依次为每千克鳖重0 mg(对照组)5、00.0 mg(试验I组)、1 000.0 mg(试验Ⅱ组)、1 500.0 mg(试验Ⅲ组)2、000.0 mg(试验Ⅳ组)和2 500.0 mg(试验Ⅴ组)。投喂28 d后,取其血液,测定了中华鳖血液中白细胞的吞噬活性、血清溶菌活力和补体活性。研究结果表明,试验I~Ⅲ组中华鳖白细胞吞噬活性和溶菌酶的活性均显著高于对照组(t测验,P<0.05),而试验Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组与对照组中华鳖血液中白细胞的吞噬活性和溶菌酶活性没有显著差异(t测验,P>0.05),补体C3和C4活性最高的是投喂量为每千克鳖重1 000.0 mg和1 500.0 mg的第Ⅱ组与第Ⅲ组,2个组与对照组间存在显著差异(t测验,P<0.05),而第Ⅰ组、第Ⅳ组和第Ⅴ组与对照组之间无显著性差异(t测验,P>0.05)。研究结果证明在中华鳖饵料中添加免疫多糖(酵母细胞壁)的量以每千克鳖重1 000.0 mg左右为宜,超过1 500.0 mg对中华鳖的免疫刺激作用会逐渐降低。     

Fucoidan as a Potential Therapeutic for Major Blinding Diseases—A Hypothesis

Fucoidan is a heterogeneous group of sulfated polysaccharide with a high content of l-fucose, which can be extracted from brown algae and marine invertebrates. It has many beneficial biological activities that make fucoidan an interesting candidate for therapeutic application in a variety of diseases. Age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy are major causes for vision loss and blindness in the industrialized countries and increasingly in the developing world. Some of the characteristics found in certain fucoidans, such as its anti-oxidant activity, complement inhibition or interaction with the Vascular Endothelial Growth factor, which would be of high interest for a potential application of fucoidan in age-related macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy. However, the possible usage of fucoidan in ophthalmological diseases has received little attention so far. In this review, biological activities of fucoidan that could be of interest regarding these diseases will be discussed.