疏花剂和专用肥对调节杨梅大小年结果的效果

杨梅已成为温州水果业中的支柱产业。近年来，全市各县杨梅发展迅速，但长期以来由于缺乏科学管理，在杨梅生产上普遍存在着严重的大小年结果现象，导致产量不稳定。大年果多质次，小年着果少，果农经济效益低等。为此，2004年课题组在苍南桥墩杨梅产区与果农合用，开展了杨梅疏花剂和专用肥等调控杨梅大小年结果的试验研究，现将结果报告如下。     

优质早熟梨七月酥引种试验

七月酥是中国农科院郑州果树研究所育成的早熟梨品种,1995年引种到浙江文成县进行适应性试验.经多年观察研究,认为七月酥栽培表现早熟、丰产、抗性强等特点,在浙江可以推广应用.     

土施多效唑调节杨梅不结果技术

东魁杨梅营养生长非常强，10多年树龄的杨梅树不开花、不结果；即使有花，也因枝梢旺长，树体内膛和下部枝叶光照不足，通风透光差，而不结果；即使能挂果，座果率也低，品质差，严重影响应有的产量和品质。2002年，我们在东魁杨梅、荸荠种、本地的水梅等不结果杨梅树上进行土施多效唑试验。经连续数年的试验证明，土施多效唑后，能明显地抑制杨梅营养生长，根尖缩短加粗；由于果实、枝梢和地下部根系生长互相影响，所以地上部枝梢也缩短加粗，杨梅叶片浓绿，叶肉加厚，叶面光泽加深，整个树体营养物质积累增多，有利于花芽分化，进而提早结果，增加产量。通过科学管理，合理挂果，使果形增大，品质提高，并能连年优质稳产。现将此技术介绍如下：     

温州生态园本底植被调研初报

通过对温州生态园的本底植被调查，分析了温州生态园的本底植被现状及演替规律，并对温州生态园的植被恢复保护提出建议。     

红树林对潮汐浸淹适应性研究进展

海平面上升引起潮汐水位降低和淹水时间增加,探明红树林对潮汐淹浸适应的生理生态特性有助于科学保护和修复红树林,而且科学选取红树林营林宜林地也需要了解红树林与潮汐浸淹之间的相互关联。文中从红树林潮汐浸淹的研究方法出发,重点论述水淹胁迫对红树植物形态表征、光合作用、呼吸作用、抗氧化系统、渗透调节物质和化学计量特征的影响,以及潮汐浸淹下红树植物分子生物学机制,以期为揭示红树植物对潮汐浸淹的适应机制以及全球气候变化背景下我国红树林造林实践和宜林地选择提供参考。     

NaCl胁迫下沙枣幼苗的离子代谢特性

[Objective]To further understand the ion metabolism characteristics of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. under NaCl stress.[Method]The seedlings of two E. angustifolia L. provenances, which were Alaer (salt tolerance provenance) and Yinchuan (salt sensitive provenance), were treated by three NaCl concentrations (0,150,300 mmol·L^-1) and sampled at the 7th day and the 30th day to measure the Na⁺ , K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ contents, K⁺/Na⁺ ratio and selective absorption and transportation of K⁺ in tissues (roots, stems and leaves). [Result]The results showed that the Na⁺ content in the organizations of E. angustifolia L. sharply increased with the increase of NaCl concentration. With prolonging of stress time, the Na⁺ content increased in roots, and decreased in stems and leaves. After seedlings of the two provenances were treated with 150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl for 7 days, the Na⁺ content was 2.10 times and 2.23 times in leaves, respectively, compared with the control groups, and was 1.79 times and 1.57 times in root. Meanwhile, the difference between two provenances showed a expanding trend with the increase of NaCl concentration and stress time. With the increase of NaCl concentration and extension of stress time, the K⁺ content, Ca²⁺ content and K⁺/Na⁺ ratio in organizations decreased gradually. Meanwhile, the Alaer provenance seedlings accumulated more Na⁺ in roots and less Na⁺ in leaves than that of Yinchuan provenance, and the K⁺ content, Ca²⁺ content and K⁺/Na⁺ ratio decreased less in the Alaer provenance seedlings than those of Yinchuan provenance. With the increase of NaCl concentration, the Mg²⁺ content in leaf gradually decrease, but the Mg²⁺ content in root increased 22.8~64.4% after salt stress for 7 days, and Alaer provenance seedlings increased more than Yinchuan provenance. After 30 days, there was non-significant difference with the control group on the Mg²⁺ content of root. K⁺ selective absorption of E. angustifolia L. seedlings significantly increased with increasing salt concentration of the media at the 7th days, whereas not obvious at the 30th days. When the concentration of NaCl in the media increased, the change of K⁺ selective transportation was not significant. [Conclusion]E. angustifolia L. seedlings increase Mg²⁺ content and K⁺ selective absorption in the roots at the early stage of salt stress to adapt saline environment. The salt-tolerance E. angustifolia L. provenance can cut off more Na⁺ in roots and reduce Na⁺ content in leaves, which cause less K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ contents loss, especially the roots and leaves, so as to ensure that all kinds of metabolisms can go well.     

水生植物对N、P的富集作用研究

研究水生植物对N、P的富集能力在富营养化湿地的生态修复中非常重要。对温州三垟湿地18种水生植物生物量及其对N、P的吸收与积累能力进行测定和比较。结果表明:不同植物种类单株生物量差异极为显著,蒲苇、美人蕉的单株生物量最大。不同植物种类地上部分含N量为23.52~55.00 g/kg,地下部分含N量为14.36~50.50 g/kg;地上部分P浓度为0.53~8.1 g/kg,而地下部分含P浓度为0.46~6.08 g/kg,物种间差异显著。不同物种各自的地上部分与地下部分N和P浓度的相关系数分别达0.382和0.833,相关极显著。不同植物单株含N量为0.356~3.951 g/株,不同植物单株含P量分别和0.014~0.324 g/株之间,种间差异显著。其中含N量最高的植物单株为美人蕉、千屈菜和蒲苇,单株含P量最高的为千屈菜,其次为薏苡、水烛和菖蒲。美人蕉、水竹芋、水芋、水烛、菖蒲、伞草、细叶莎草、千屈菜、薏苡等对N、P具有较强的吸收与积累能力,又具有较高的观赏价值,建议在湿地修复中考虑应用。     

不同TTC法测定枫香等阔叶树容器苗根系活力探讨

根系的生活力与定植成活率有相关关系,是反映容器苗质量的主要指标。比较了不同TTC法的乙酸乙酯研磨、甲醇浸泡提取TTF,测定枫香、杜英、无柄小叶榕等阔叶树容器苗根系活力。结果表明,两种方法在波长为400～600nm的光波范围内最大吸收峰均在485nm;甲醇浸泡法较乙酸乙酯研磨法提取全面,结果准确,测定值平均提高4．94％。采用甲醇浸泡法提取TTF进行定量分析,浸泡1h占全部TTF的85％以上,浸泡1．5h后占全部TTF的95％以上,直至4h提取完全（即提取时间应不少于4h）。且提取的TTF比较稳定,不会被空气中的氧自动氧化。     

无柄小叶榕新品种‘亚榕1号’

‘亚榕1号’是由无柄小叶榕实生苗选育获得的抗寒新品种,半致死温度为–7.16 ℃;抗逆性较强,树体较为速生,长势健壮。适宜浙江省温州全市以及台州温岭等地平原、盐碱地园林绿化种植。