马铃薯晚疫病抗性基因R11的遗传定位

由致病疫霉菌(Phytophthora infestans)引起的晩疫病是世界范围内最具毁灭性的马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)病害。以含有晚疫病抗性基因R11的材料MaR11和不含已知抗性基因的品种Katahdin为亲本进行有性杂交,对获得的F₁分离群体的83个基因型进行了晚疫病菌株接种鉴定和遗传分析。结果表明,R11为主效单基因,在MaR11中以单式形式(R_11r11r11r11)存在。应用比较作图和分离群体分组分析(BSA),开发了6个与R11连锁的分子标记,并将R11定位于11号染色体长臂末端。R11距C2_At5g59960标记最近,约为2.4 cM。通过遗传图谱比较表明,R11较晚疫病抗性基因R3a和R10更靠近染色体端粒区。本研究所获得的遗传图谱为进一步构建R11高密度遗传图谱提供了基础。     

生防木霉菌Tr11菌株适宜生长条件研究

对木霉菌菌株Tr11室内菌丝生长、产孢的适宜条件进行了研究,结果表明:Tr11菌株在PDA培养基上生长最好,产孢最多;25℃下菌丝生长最快,15~30℃下均可大量产孢;黑暗可促进菌丝生长,但有无光照对孢子产生影响不明显;果糖是菌丝生长最好的碳源,乳糖是Tr11菌株产孢的最佳碳源;蛋白胨、硫酸铵是有利于菌丝生长和产孢的有机氮源;微量元素中Ca、Cu对菌丝生长及产孢都有一定的促进作用;pH值5最适宜菌丝生长,pH值6~8适宜产孢。     

两系不育系制种安全性检验试验报告

以“11S”和“12S”原种为材料,在早晚造进行分期播种,在始穗期至花期观察花药和花粉,花期结束后检查结实率;以“11S”和“12S”为母本进行制种,检验制种田母本纯度和育性。结果表明,在不同时期播种,“11S”和“12S”在始穗至开花期内均未发现可育花粉和自交结实现象;在制种时,“11S”和“12S”在生理敏感期均未遭遇低温,含杂率分别为0．07％和0．1％,均符合制种母本纯度的要求。由于夜间最低温度对转向可育起着主导作用,因此可根据不同纬度地区的夜间最低临界温度,通过技术处理使两系不育系“11S”和“12S”能够实现双向彻底转育,既可防止自交结实,保证制种安全,又能完全自交结实保证制种产量和纯度。     

抗虫杂交棉爱杂11号选育及配套栽培技术

爱杂11号系转双价抗虫基因中熟春棉杂交品种,具有高产、稳产、抗病等特性。从品种选育出发,介绍了爱杂11号品种特征特性,包括农艺性状、产量性状及试种示范表现等,并从合理密植、适时播种及科学施肥等方面阐述了其配套栽培技术．     

平原河网区排涝计算研究

行洪排涝是平原河网区汛期的重要任务。利用MIKE11模型中的HD模块,以江苏省泗洪县城区水系为实例,建立了一维水动力学模型,并利用产汇流计算确定了模型的边界条件,对20年一遇暴雨条件下的城区河网水量进行了模拟计算。结果表明,在现有的排涝设施条件下,泗洪县城区河网能够满足设计暴雨下的排涝要求。     

在不同种植密度下双低油菜宁杂11号、宁油16号摘薹试验研究

采用三因素裂区试验设计,研究了种植密度和摘薹对双低油菜宁杂11号、宁油16号的菜薹产量、菜籽产量及净收益等的影响。结果表明:宁杂11号各处理的菜籽产量和净收益均显著高于宁油16号,但菜薹产量略低于宁油16号。随着种植密度提高,宁杂11号的净收益显著增加,但摘薹后净收益增加不大。宁油16号摘薹后净收益大幅度增加。摘薹后油菜生育期推迟、株高降低、总角果数减少、千粒重下降,但角果长度和每角粒数能显著增加。     

Self-incompatibility in Brassicaceae crops: lessons for interspecific incompatibility

Most wild plants and some crops of the Brassicaceae express self-incompatibility, which is a mechanism that allows stigmas to recognize and discriminate against “self” pollen, thus preventing self-fertilization and inbreeding. Self-incompatibility in this family is controlled by a single S locus containing two multiallelic genes that encode the stigma-expressed S-locus receptor kinase and its pollen coat-localized ligand, the S-locus cysteine-rich protein. Physical interaction between receptor and ligand encoded in the same S locus activates the receptor and triggers a signaling cascade that results in inhibition of “self” pollen. Sequence information for many S-locus haplotypes in Brassica species has spurred studies of dominance relationships between S haplotypes and of S-locus structure, as well as the development of methods for S genotyping. Furthermore, molecular genetic studies have begun to identify genes that encode putative components of the self-incompatibility signaling pathway. In parallel, standard genetic analysis and QTL analysis of the poorly understood interspecific incompatibility phenomenon have been initiated to identify genes responsible for the inhibition of pollen from other species by the stigma. Herewith, we review recent studies of self-incompatibility and interspecific incompatibility, and we propose a model in which a universal pollen-inhibition pathway is shared by these two incompatibility systems.     

Chinese urban migrants' sense of place: Emotional attachment,identity formation,and place dependence in the city and community of Guangzhou

In this paper, we study urban migrants' sense of place in Guangzhou, China, focusing on the structural relations between place attachment, identification and dependence as the three key place dimensions. Through both quantitative structural equation modelling and qualitative analysis of in‐depth interviews data, our research suggests that migrants' sense of place demonstrates complex relationships between the three registers of emotional attachment, identity formation and functional dependence. The construction of sense of place is also related to the personal experiences of living as urban ‘outsiders’. Our research also reveals a striking difference between the city and community levels in terms of the ways in which migrants' sense of place is constructed. Urban migrants tend to exploit the functional utilities of microscopic urban spaces to meet their demands for recreation, education and socialisation. On the other hand, their sense of place to the city is largely compromised by their attachment to the hometown and conditioned by their personal identification to the city.     

超级稻新品种淮稻11号的选育及高产栽培技术

[目的]为徐淮地区优质水稻新品种的选育和生产利用提供技术支持。[方法]供试种子参加了2004～2007年江苏省中熟中粳稻预备试验和区域试验及迟熟中粳稻生产试验。[结果]徐淮11号在预备试验中的平均产量为9375.0kg/hm2;在区域试验中的平均产量为8682.0kg/hm2;在迟熟中粳稻生产试验中的平均产量为9439.5kg/hm2。淮稻11号在大面积示范试种中的一般产量为9750.0kg/hm2。淮稻11号分蘖成穗率和颖花分化能力均较高,有效穗数为285万穗/hm2,每穗实粒数为120～130粒,千粒重高达28.0～29.0g,结实率为90.0%。淮稻11号的糙米率为84.3%,整精米率为72.0%,垩白率为10.0%,垩白度为1.0%,碱消值为7.0,直链淀粉含量为18.4%,胶稠度为76mm,透明度为2级,综合品质评价达国标2级优质米标准。[结论]该试验成功选育出了超级稻新品种淮稻11号并为其推广种植提供了技术指导。     

工业化大豆蛋白7S和11S组分分离技术研究进展

该文围绕目前工业化生产11S和7S组分的分离技术成果,结合实验室的分离技术(Guo法),比较了各种分离方法的差异.结果表明:分离提取技术利用的原理几乎均建立在"碱溶酸提"和"冷沉"作用基础之上.Wu首次成功地进行了7S和11S的工业化分离,之后的研究多是对此方法的改进和修饰.而Guo法是唯一采用中性条件抽提的工业化分离方法,在节省了原料碱的同时,避免了蛋白的变性.同时,该文提出了目前工业化生产大豆组分蛋白中存在的问题,虽然不断在加工方式上进行改进,但仍存在步骤复杂、产率低、生产成本高等方面的问题,因此作者进一步对实现工业化分离大豆组分蛋白提出了需要改进和努力的方向.