大气压等离子体处理对生菜种子萌发和生长发育的影响

利用自制新型大气压等离子体装置对生菜种子进行处理,研究了不同电压的大气压等离子体处理对生菜种子萌发、幼苗生长及产量品质的影响。试验结果表明:不同电压的等离子体处理对生菜种子萌发的影响效果不同。其中,5610和5950 V处理对种子的萌发有促进作用,种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数与对照相比均有所提高,而6290~7310 V处理则抑制了种子的萌发,且电压越高抑制效果越明显。同时,等离子体处理种子α-淀粉酶活性提高,电导率降低,幼苗地上部鲜干质量、地下部鲜干质量、根体积、根活力及过氧化物酶活性也有不同程度的增加。不同电压的等离子体处理促进了生菜定植后的生长发育,产量最高比CK提高12.52%;生菜的维生素C、叶绿素、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量等品质也有所改善。综合来看,5610和5950 V的等离子体处理效果较优。     

沙引发对紫花苜蓿种子盐逆境下发芽及幼苗生理生化变化的影响

试验以紫花苜蓿品种维多利亚和金皇后种子为材料，研究了沙引发处理对高盐(0．8％NaCl)逆境下种子发芽及幼苗生理生化变化的影响。结果表明，沙引发处理能显著提高紫花苜蓿两个品种种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数，缩短平均发芽时间，显著增加幼苗干重，同时提高了过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性，减少丙二醛(MDA)的积累。说明沙引发提高了紫花苜蓿种子的活力和抗盐胁迫能力，促进了盐逆境下种子的萌发和幼苗生长。     

盐胁迫下5-磺基水杨酸、水杨酸对小黑麦种子生理特性的影响

采用种子萌发试验,研究了5-磺基水杨酸、水杨酸对盐胁迫下小黑麦种子萌发及幼苗生长情况的影响.结果表明:在盐胁迫下,适当浓度的两种酚酸均能提高小黑麦种子萌发的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数,浓度增高则抑制种子萌发.适当浓度的两种酚酸还能降低幼苗叶片电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量、提高叶绿素含量.总的看来,5-磺基水杨酸的效果比水杨酸好,且低浓度的效果比高浓度的好.     

铝浸种对火龙果种子萌发的影响

以火龙果种子为研究材料,设置了7个铝浸种浓度（0、0.1 mg/L、1 mg/L、10 mg/L、100mg/L、1000 mg/L、2000mg/L）,研究了不同浓度的铝浸种处理对火龙果种子萌发的影响.结果表明：不同浓度铝处理火龙果种子均具有生理活性,它们对火龙果种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、幼苗鲜重和活力指数均具有明显的生理作用.7种铝处理浓度中,0.1 mg/L铝处理效果最好.当处理浓度超过2000mg/L时,火龙果幼苗生长受到毒害.     

三棱栎种子特性与其致濒关系初步分析

三棱栎是云南特有种,国家二级保护植物,主要分布在澜沧、沧源、孟连、西盟、勐腊等县.研究表明,其萌发温度在20～35℃范围内,萌发率在5.3%～9.1%之间.4个不同分布地和8种温度条件下萌发率差异不显著.本文认为三棱栎濒危的主要原因是:(1)三棱栎果实结实率低;(2)果实的特殊形状,不利于传播;(3)幼苗缺乏竞争力.针对三棱栎的濒危现状和原因,提出了三棱栎的一些保护措施.     

早稻种子包衣直播育秧研究

早稻不催芽直播育秧，抗寒力强，成秧率高，可早播、早熟和省工、省种。是传统育秧方法的创新。种衣剂有防治病、虫、鼠害和营养壮苗作用，它与直播育秧技术结合，可以不侵种直播干谷，又使种衣剂免于在浸种中溶解淋失，两者优势互补，合成一项具有高科技结晶，操作性强。新型实效，简单易行的育秧技术。     

Fe3+浸种对大豆种子萌发的影响

以浙春3号大豆为研究材料,设置了8个Fe3 浸种浓度(0mg/kg,0.001mg/kg,0.01mg/kg,0.1mg/kg,1mg/kg,10mg/kg,100mg/kg,1000mg/kg),研究了不同浓度的铁浸种处理对大豆种子萌发的影响.结果表明:以不同浓度Fe3 浸种后,大豆种子的发芽率、单株鲜重、发芽指数、活力指数均提高,外渗电导率降低.以0.1～100mg/kg最为适宜.     

银耳子实体及菌丝体胶质化产生的双核酵母状孢子萌发条件探索

为探索由银耳(Tremella fuciformis)子实体、菌丝体胶质化产生的双核酵母状孢子(FBMds)的萌发条件,研究比较了不同来源和不同浓度的香灰菌(Annuloypoxylon stygium)浸提液及不同来源银耳孢子发酵液对银耳Tr21 FBMds萌发率的影响。试验结果表明,香灰菌浸提液和银耳孢子发酵液均有不同程度促银耳Tr21FBMds萌发的作用。不同浓度香灰菌浸提液对FBMds萌发率的试验表明,在一定浓度范围内,高浓度香灰菌浸提液可显著提高银耳FBMds萌发率,最佳浓度为40%;在该浓度下,银耳Tr21的原伴生香灰菌HTW01-5的浸提液对FBMds萌发率作用高达30.34%。银耳孢子T30-CAS、Tr01、Tr21、T8225-CAS的发酵液虽能显著促进银耳Tr21 FBMds的萌发,但效果不如香灰菌浸提液明显。研究所得银耳菌丝为纯菌丝,可稳定传代,为进一步研究银耳二型态转变以及银耳新品种选育奠定了扎实基础。     

Preparation and Study of a Novel,Environmentally Friendly Seed-Coating Agent for Wheat

Traditional seed-coating agents are widespread and used in crop protection. However, the coatings can pose an environmental and health hazard. In this study, a novel wheat seed-coating agent was prepared by using natural polysaccharide as the main raw material, which produces bacteriostatic activity and enhances the germination and quality of seeds. The optimum formula of this seed-coating agent was ultimately determined through a series of laboratory experiments and field trials. The results showed that the yield of wheat seeds treated with this novel seed-coating agent was increased by 10% and its material cost was decreased by 15% compared with the conventional toxic seed-coating agent. The toxicity of the novel seed-coating agent was also less than that of the traditional one. Therefore, this wheat seed-coating agent had obvious economic and environmental benefits.     

Germination and seedling growth in Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. as affected by provenance,seed pretreatment,and temperature regime

Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. seeds germinated and the seedlings grew on under controlled environments (18 h photoperiod and 16/8 h thermoperiods; 10/10^oC, 20/20°C, 20/10°C, and 25/10°C). The experiment was concluded after 180 days, and the seedlings were scored for stem diameter and length. Four provenances were included: Colorado “high elevation”; (CO), Oregon 1 600 m a.s.l. (OR), British Columbia 1200 m a.s.l. (BC), and Finland (BCF; originally from British Columbia 1800 m a.s.l.). A cold‐moist pretreatment for 30 days improved germination and seedling growth in the BC and BCF seed lots, while the CO and OR seed lots were less affected. Daily fluctuating temperatures improved germination in the BC and BCF seed lots, the widest fluctuation 25/10°C producing the greatest germination. The average length of the seedlings was 34 mm at 20/20°C, 33 mm at 20/10°C, and 37 mm at 25/10°C; differences in hypocotyl length being most important. There were small but significant differences between the provenances in their reaction to temperature regime. The major part of the seedlings produced 2 or 3 flushes of growth in the 180 days period, the CO provenance having the most stabile buds and the OR provenance being the most labile.