气象日历的创意设计与制作——以固原市气象日历为例

为了服务地方经济、普及气象科普知识、提高公众应用气象知识的能力,介绍了在通用万年历的基础上,经系统设计,引入气象科普信息,包括增加关系民生的重大天气气候概率、灾害性天气防范技术、农林牧生产关键期气象信息、二十四节气、气象谚语适用性、气象业务工作和气象产品应用价值点评等,并结合VB语言,制作出普及气象、与公众沟通的气象日历。     

Productivity and economic viability of snakehead Channa striata culture using an aquaponics approach

This study was carried out to investigate the viability of utilizing aquaponic technology in culturing local fish: snakehead Channa striata and water spinach Ipomoea aquatica. Snakehead was raised for 150 days in a floating plastic pond with an area of 3 × 4 × 1.2 m having a capacity volume of ∼14.4 m³. Fish were randomly arranged into two experimental systems at density of ∼0.3 kg fingerlings/m³ e.g. SAQ – snakehead in aquaponics; SC – snakehead in normal system where control ponds were continuously aerated with ∼20% daily exchange of water. Fish were fed commercial feed twice a day. Initial results showed that in aquaponics compared with normal systems the SAQ efficiency exhibited 70% water exchange; five times lower in NH₃ level: (0.01–0.03 mg/L vs. 0.05–0.16 mg/L); three times lower in NO₂ level: (0.28–0.58 mg/L vs. 0.56–2.59 mg/L). Snakehead production was significantly higher in aquaponics with higher survival ratio of fish: 99.76% vs. 71.40%; ∼3 times higher in fish yield: 366 kg vs. 130 kg. The production of water spinach was also elevated in aquaponics versus normal systems 406.4 kg vs. 188 kg. The total income from snakehead and water spinach in SAQ were 4 times higher than in normal farming systems: 1219.42 $US and 307.04 $US. Based on the results of the current study, it is expected that applying aquaponics utilizing local available materials and species will enhance the sustainability of the overall system and keep the aquaponics lasting and expanding to social life especially on sustainable culturing snakehead Channa striata.     

Farm management optimization using chance constrained programming method

This paper presents a stochastic optimization model to determine the optimal number of acres of hay a farm should harvest for their own horses’ consumption, as well as how much hay to purchase and sell to maximize the total profit of the farm. This research is motivated by horse farmers who must make yearly decisions concerning the management of feeding horses. These decisions are affected by the cost to grow their own hay, the cost to buy hay, the cost associated with selling hay, and the stochastic nature of crop yield due to different weather conditions. The uncertainty of weather conditions is included in the mathematical model by including random variables in the model constraints. Optimal policies are obtained for a real world case study provided by a Kentucky horse farmer by applying chance constrained programming method. A sensitivity analysis is performed to show the effectiveness of the approach.     

长沙市水生植物多样性及其应用研究

通过对长沙市各水域及湿地水生植物的调查,初步统计出长沙市水生植物有66种,分属35科54属。其中包括挺水植物40种,漂浮植物6种,浮叶植物9种,沉水植物11种。水生植物是城市水域及湿地生态功能的重要组成部分,对水生植物多样性进行统计分析,并以此为基础对水生植物的生活习性、功能等进行分析,为当地水生植物引种和应用提供一定的理论依据。     

应用型高校背景下作物育种教学团队建设研究

以省级示范应用型本科高校建设为背景,紧密结合农业发展现状,主要从团队构建、学科平台搭建、强化师资队伍和改革教学内容、提升教学方法等方面分析了应用型高校背景下作物育种教学团队的运行机制,为高等教育教学改革发展提供理论支持。     

应用型农业科研院所科研管理工作的分析研究

近年来,应用型农业科研院所的科研和服务工作取得了一定的成效,但也存在一些不足。文章分析了应用型农业科研院所的定位、发展现状及存在的问题,从有利于科研与服务协同发展的角度出发,建议应用型农业科研院所科研管理工作应以市场需求为导向,定位为服务区域农业,提升科研成果水平和加大成果转化力度,全面引入质量管理的同时加强科研管理队伍建设,以期使应用型农业科研院所更好地适应科技体制改革及为我国农业发展提供科技支撑。     

牛精液冷冻技术应用研究进展

在简要介绍牛精液冷冻技术发展历史的基础上，分析了牛冷冻精液的现状和影响牛冷冻精液受胎率的主要因素，指出了我国牛冷冻精液存在的问题，应加强精液冷冻机理、精液冷冻保护剂、精子质量评估和分离精子的冷冻保存等方面的研究，最后展望了牛冷冻精液的发展前景。     

广东高州野生稻应用核心种质取样策略

广东省高州野生稻(简称“高野”,下同)具有丰富的遗传多样性,是水稻遗传改良的重要基因库。以217份高野保存材料为对象,结合按居群分类和系统聚类选择的方法,通过多重比较认为20%为最佳取样比例,从中筛选出了43份材料作为应用核心种质。对表型保留比例、表型方差、多样性指数、变异系数、极差符合率、均值符合率、标准差符合率等重要检验指标的分析表明,该应用核心种质很好地代表了总样品的遗传多样性和变异幅度。利用34对SSR引物对应用核心种质进行分析表明,其平均等位基因数为6.879,平均遗传多样性指数达0.656,基因杂合度达0.558,76.7%的材料在遗传背景上不同,且各居群材料相对较为独立。高野应用核心种质的筛选为该资源的高效研究利用奠定了良好的材料基础。     

植物营养液在园林植物上的应用

该文介绍获国家发明专利的植物系列营养液,多年来在园林植物上的应用方法及效果,取得了多方面效益。以期利于园林植物发展。     

黑龙江省几个优良自交系在玉米育种中的应用潜力分析

本研究选用８个优良自交系,对１５个组合Ｆ２的几个重要性状进行了配合力和应用潜力的分析。结果表明,各自交系在育种上应用潜力大小顺序是：合３４４、南５、四单１２－１、大四－１、南无名－５、丰金、冬１０、冬９６。本试验所得穗长和穗位的遗传力较高,ｈ＾２Ｎ分别是６８．９４％、６３．３３％,株高和百粒重的遗传力中等,ｈ＾２Ｎ分别是４６．５７％、４２．１５％,小区产量的狭义遗传力是６．２４％。