两种苹果绵蚜的综合防治

<正>苹果绵蚜和苹果根爪绵蚜是近年来在苹果园不断扩散为害的两种检疫性害虫,主要在苹果枝干和根部为害,因其虫体被覆白色棉絮状蜡粉,因此防治比较困难。1苹果绵蚜属同翅目,瘿绵蚜科。别名:赤蚜、血色蚜、绵蚜、白毛虫。原分布于辽宁大连、山东龙口以东、烟台、云南昆明、西藏拉萨等地,现已扩散到北方各苹果产区。主要寄主为苹果、槟沙果、海棠、山定子、花红等。1.1为害特点成、若虫群集枝干、新梢及根部刺吸汁液,被害部皮层肿胀渐成瘿瘤,后期破裂成伤口,削弱树     

雪花梨绿色食品生产管理历

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设施桃树主要病虫害及其防治

<正>由于设施栽培环境相对密闭,并可对多种生态因素进行人为调节。因而,各种病虫害的发生与传播受到有效控制,但仍不可忽视少量病虫害的发生与危害。常见的主要虫害有桃蚜、红蜘蛛等;病害有细菌性穿孔病等。为控制其危害,可在盖棚膜前对枝干及地面喷1次3~5波美度的石硫合剂,盖棚膜后及时观察防治桃蚜、红蜘蛛、细菌性穿孔病,主要用药为蛾螨灵、绿色功夫、代森锌等。也可用烟雾剂熏杀病虫3~5次,可达到很好的防治效     

梨黄粉虫的发生与防治

梨黄粉虫,又名黄粉蚜,是梨树的重要害虫之一,被害果肉组织逐渐腐烂,严重时全果脱落,严重影响果品质量。1发生规律虫以卵在树皮缝、伤口或枝干的残附物内越冬。翌年梨树开花时(4月上中旬)卵孵化,羽化成虫在原处继续产卵,6月中旬前后,虫口猛增,7月中旬群集果实萼洼处繁殖,8~9月出现有性蚜,交尾后越冬。2为害状况梨树开花时孵化后若虫在翘皮下刺吸汁液,6月中旬前后开始陆续向果上转移。7月上旬多群集果实萼洼处为害,继而扩散到果面上,此时果面上的成虫、卵堆及初孵若虫似黄粉,8月中旬梨果接近成熟时,为害最严重,套袋梨果更易受害,常导致梨果大…     

落叶松球蚜对超前更新红皮云杉的危害情况调查

目前,我国林木可采资源日益减少,营造速生丰产林补充森林资源是营林工作的重要内容之一.落叶松、云杉是营造丰产林较为理想的树种,为了合理地开发利用有限的林地资源,在已郁闭成林的落叶松林下超前更新红皮云杉是今后营林工作的发展方向.但是,落叶松球蚜以红皮云杉为第一寄主,     

长角异鞭蚜小蜂寄生杨圆蚧的研究

本文通过对长角异鞭蚜小蜂Archenomus longicornis与杨圆蚧Quadraspidiotus gigas在发生期上具有吻合性的研究，说明了存在利用该寄生蜂防治杨圆蚧的可能性。     

松大蚜卵林间分布格局的调查研究

该文对松大蚜卵在松林中的分布格局进行了调查研究。结果表明 ,松大蚜卵在林中株间、林中枝间、同株枝间均为聚集分布。     

角倍蚜冬寄主—湿地匐灯藓繁殖技术研究

本文对角倍蚜的优良冬寄主湿地匐灯藓进行了系列繁殖研究。结果表明，切茎碎段繁殖较原株繁殖具有提高繁殖系数，延长藓利用年限的优点，切茎碎段繁殖以４～６和９月或者温度１３～２５℃时进行较为适宜，碎段长度以以０．５～０．８ｃｍ，撒播量以６０～８０ｇ／ｍ＾２为宜。     

寄生小蜂对小青×黑杨树皮及杨圆蚧挥发油的行为反应

Four-armed airflow olfactometer was used to determining the foraging behavior ofPteroptrix longgiclava (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) andEncarsia gigas (Tshumakova) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) to the essential oils which emitted from the healthy bark ofPopulus pseudo-simonii×P. nigra, the infested bark injured byQuadraspidiotus gigas (Thiem & Gerneck), the body and scale of fixed 1st-instar-nymph ofQ. gigas. The results from these experiments showed that the volatile oils produced from the injured bark and from the scale of fixed 1st-instar-nymph had a higher attractive ability to female adults of the two species of wasps. The essential oil produced from the scale of the pest at dosages of 3–7 μL and the essential oil emitted by injured bark at dosages of 5–9 μL had a stronger alluring effect on the host searching behavior ofPteroptrix longgiclava. The essential oil from the body of fixed 1st-instar-nymph ofQ. gigas also had certain effect on the host locating effort ofPteroptrix longgiclava andEncarsia gigas. Those two wasps did not shown any reaction to the essential oil produced by the healthy bark of poplar. Foundation item: This paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (39970620) and the “TRAPOYT” Biography: CHI De-fu (1962-), male, Ph.D., Professor in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai