对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)高分子量结构蛋白的分离

采用蔗糖密度梯度离心从患病对虾组织中提取WSSV,应用SDS-PAGE对WSSV结构蛋白进行了分析。采用12％分离胶,将WSSV样品煮沸5min,应用SDS-PAGE分离了WSSV的中低分子量结构蛋白,并将该结果与其他学者已发表的结果进行了比较。首次通过延长样品煮沸时间,采用8％分离胶,应用SDS-PAGE分离到了WSSV100kD以上的13条高分子量结构蛋白,计算出了每条蛋白带的分子量及其在总蛋白中的百分含量。其中WSSV高分子量结构蛋白的分离丰富了WSSV的研究范围,对今后深入的研究工作具有重要意义。     

三维电极去除油田废水中聚丙烯酰胺机理研究

为了弄清三维电极降解聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的机理．对三维电极处理前后PAM水样的pH值、电导率、COD以及CO3^2-和HCO3^-进行了分析,并对处理过程中产生的不溶物进行了红外分析。结果表明,水样PH值随电解时间的增加而降低,电导率、COD去除率都随电解时间的增加而增加。处理后水样中有HCO3^-,说明有PAM分子被H2O2和·OH彻底降解为CO2、H2O。不溶物推测是PAM发生分子内反应生成的环状酰亚胺结构产物。PAM被H2O2和·OH降解和产生的不溶物都是废水中PAM浓度和COD降低的重要原因。     

CPAM的合成及CPAMCMC二元纸张增强体系的初步研究

该文主要研究阳离子聚丙烯酰胺 (CPAM)与羧甲基纤维素 (CMC)二元增强体系对纸张的增强效果 .通过控制CPAM的合成条件 ,加入CMC ,研究CPAM CMC二元体系的添加量、浆料初始pH值等因素对二元增强体系增加纸张强度的影响 ,找出利用CPAM CMC二元体系增加纸张强度的最佳条件 .结果表明 :①该实验采用的合成条件可以较准确地制备一定分子量范围的CPAM ,适于作纸张增干增强剂 ;②合成引发剂用量为 0 3%时制备的CPAM分子量范围为 30 0 0 0 0～ 35 0 0 0 0 ,对纸张的增强效果较好 ;③纸张的各项物理性能都随着CPAM CMC加入量的增加而增长 ,CPAM CMC的比例为 1∶0 6时 ,纸张的增强效果明显 ;④浆料的pH值约为 7 0时 ,CPAM CMC二元体系的增强效果较好 .     

蒙脱石/聚丙烯酰胺插层复合材料的制备及结构表征

利用蒙脱石层间域活性，合成蒙脱石／聚丙烯酰胺（Mntmorillonite-PAM)插层复合物，并用X－射线衍射，傅立叶变换红外光谱，差热分析等分析测试手段对插层复合物的结构进行表征。     

水溶性有机高分子对红壤磷吸附特征的影响

本试验采用连续振荡法,初步研究了水溶性有机高分子材料聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酰胺和聚乙二醇对磷在红壤中吸附过程的影响,并对该过程拟合出方程。结果表明:在聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酰胺和聚乙二醇作用下土壤磷吸附动力学以幂函数方程为最优方程,且方程参数与单施磷酸二氢钙的处理方程参数有显著差异性。有机高分子能显著提高磷在红壤中的吸附和土壤pH,但材料之间的土壤吸附量无差异显著性,需进一步研究。     

A proposed method of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in acid environments applied to gliadins of wheat grains

Summary In this paper we describe the method of wheat gliadin electrophoresis in use at RIVRO, Wageningen. It differs from other techniques mainly by the application of an alternative buffer system, making it possible to polymerise the gels in a buffered alkaline environment and to perform the run at pH 3.1 without extensive buffer changing steps. Advantages are a greater gel reproducibility and the ease of gel handling. Furthermore, a rationalised protein extraction procedure, a cheap shaking system for staining baths and a better (slower moving) tracking dye are described.     

Electrophoretic variation among and within strains of ‘kharkof’ wheat maintained at 11 locations

Summary The hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Kharkof was introduced to the United States at the turn of the century and has been included as the long-term check for the Southern and Northern Regional Performance Nurseries since 1930. Seed of Kharkof is typically maintained at each site at which the nurseries are grown. We obtained samples of Kharkof from 10 sites and the USDA Small Grains Collection in Beltsville, MD. Up to 54 individual kernels per strain were ground and evaluated for gliadin electrophoretic patterns. Strains from Beltsville, MD and Aberdeen, ID were completely uniform for gliadin patterns; they differed from each other and from all other strains. Seven strains were highly polymorphic, with 7 to 14 gliadin patterns occurring in each. However, there were large differences in pattern frequencies among strains, with the Ft. Collins, CO and Columbia, MO strains at one extreme, the Manhattan, KS and Lincoln, NE strains at the other, and the St. Paul, MN; York, NE; and Clovis, NM strains intermediate. Strains from Dallas and Chillicothe, TX were completely uniform for a pattern that also occurred in all of the polymorphic strains. The two Texas strains also had esterase and -amylase isoelectric focusing patterns different from the others, and the Beltsville strain had a different -amylase pattern. We concluded that the strains from Beltsville and Aberdeen were not Kharkof, that the Texas strains were derived from a single-plant selection out of Kharkof, and that the remaining strans have diverged through natural selection possibly operating in conjunction with genetic drift, outcrossing, and seed mixtures.     

Routine large-scale electrophoresis for plant breeding. An example with F1 seeds of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var.gemmifera)

Summary A routine method of large-scale electrophoresis is proposed for use in plant breeding. The method can be applied both with research and teaching and does not require sophisticated apparatus. A skilled laboratory technician can thus handle 768 samples a day. Within a series of electrophoretic investigations the individual electrophoresis can be stopped at any time, while the other investigations in the series continue.     

柱状黄杆菌外膜蛋白的比较蛋白质组学研究

为了鉴定柱状黄杆菌(Flavobacterium columnare)的毒力相关因子,利用蛋白质组学方法分析了强毒株G4R3和弱毒株G18的外膜蛋白。双向电泳结合图像分析,共发现了8个差异表达的蛋白点。经过胶内酶解和质谱分析,其中的1个蛋白点被鉴定为LemA蛋白,它可能是柱状黄杆菌的一种毒力因子。     

干旱胁迫下聚丙烯酰胺浸种对谷子种子萌发及幼苗期抗旱性的影响

为探讨聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)浸种对谷子抗旱萌发的影响,本研究通过聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)浸种晋谷21种子,用18%的PEG 6000溶液模拟土壤干旱,研究了不同浓度的PAM溶液(0.1%、0.5%、1.0%、5.0%、7.0%、10.0%)浸种对干旱胁迫下谷子种子萌发及幼苗生长中各项生理指标的影响。结果表明:干旱胁迫下的谷子发芽能力显著低于正常水分条件,幼苗中SOD、POD、CAT的活性、Pro、O2-以及MDA的含量均增加,但可溶性蛋白的含量降低;1.0%~7.0%的PAM溶液浸种可明显促进干旱胁迫下谷子种子的萌发和幼苗生长,有效提高幼苗活性氧清除系统中抗氧化酶的活性,增加渗透调节物质的含量,减少O2-和MDA的积累。综合分析,筛选出用于谷子浸种的最佳PAM浓度为5.0%。结果表明,适当浓度的聚丙烯酰胺浸种可缓解干旱胁迫对谷子萌发和幼苗生长造成的伤害,增强谷子的抗旱性,这为PAM在生产实践中的应用提供了理论依据。