NUTRIENT DISORDER SYMPTOMOLOGY AND FOLIAR CONCENTRATIONS OF CLERODENDRUM THOMSONIAE

Clerodendrum thomsoniae plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph nutritional disorder symptoms. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element ten times higher than the complete nutrient formula. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. The plants were automatically irrigated and the solution drained from the bottom of the pot and captured for reuse. The nutrient solutions were completely replaced weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented. Plants were harvested for nutrient analysis when initial symptoms were expressed. Nutrient deficiency symptoms were described and foliar nutrient concentrations provided.     

Contribution of Bleeding to Total Handling Stress During Slaughter of Atlantic Salmon

White muscle high-energy phosphate levels showed that the bleeding procedure applied during slaughter of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) did not overshadow the total pre-slaughter handling stress. The energy status of the muscle seemed to increase as a result of bleeding and the bleeding per se did not have adverse effects on flesh freshness resulting from excessive handling stress. The time for onset of rigor mortis and rigor strength were clearly related to the initial stress level and the rate of ATP depletion. The onset of rigor in stressed fish occurred about one day earlier compared with rested fish and the stressed fish also became stiffer.     

不同灌水处理对春玉米生理特性的影响

【目的】探究半干旱区玉米在不同灌溉定额条件下的生理响应机制。【方法】以华农887为试验材料,采用大田试验,全生育期设定4个灌溉定额:500(CK)、900(Q1)、1 700(Q2)和2 500 m3/hm2(Q3),开展了灌溉定额对玉米氮素积累、籽粒灌浆特性、叶片氮代谢酶活性、根系伤流强度和产量的研究。【结果】①玉米籽粒的平均灌浆速率和各阶段的百粒质量均随灌溉定额的增加而增加,Q2与Q3处理的平均灌浆速率和百粒质量均显著高于Q1处理与CK。②灌溉定额的增加使玉米根系伤流强度增加,Q2与Q3处理的伤流强度要显著高于Q1处理与CK。③含氮量呈籽粒叶片茎秆的变化趋势,Q2与Q3处理的籽粒、茎秆、叶片和植株总的含氮量要显著高于Q1处理与CK。④随着灌溉定额的增加,叶片谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)的活性增加,谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)的活性下降,Q2与Q3处理的GS活性在灌浆期显著高于Q1处理与CK,GDH活性显著低于Q1处理与CK。⑤玉米的产量随灌溉定额的增加而增加,Q2与Q3处理的产量显著高于Q1处理与CK。上述指标在Q2与Q3处理间均无显著性差异。【结论】灌溉定额为1 700 m3/hm2时,玉米籽粒的灌浆特性、根系伤流强度、植株氮素积累特性、叶片氮代谢酶活性和产量均表现较佳,该灌溉定额可作为吉林省半干旱区玉米全生育期灌溉的参考定额。     

不同品种葡萄伤流研究初探

以8年生欧亚种葡萄(新雅、新郁、夏至红、香妃)和欧美种葡萄(夏黑、峰后、阳光玫瑰、醉人香)为研究对象,分析其伤流发生情况及其与气温的关系,同时分析不同品种葡萄伤流液中游离氨基酸的种类和含量。结果表明：早熟品种伤流量大；中熟品种次之；极早熟品种再次之；晚熟(中晚熟)品种伤流量极少。在整个伤流期中,欧亚系的香妃伤流量波动大,欧美系的夏黑波动较小。香妃的伤流受一天中温度影响较大,而夏黑受其影响较小。作为抗寒性重要指标的脯氨酸在各品种葡萄的伤流液中含量均较少(或为0)；测定伤流液成分发现,伤流液成分及含量与品系来源存在一定关系。     

76例绝经后阴道流血患者子宫内膜声像图分析

目的探讨子宫内膜病变引起绝经后阴道流血的声像图改变．方法对76例绝经后阴道流血患者的记录资料进行回顾性分析．结果因子宫内膜病变引起的绝经后阴道流血主要包括子宫内膜息肉48例,占63．16％;子宫内膜增生17例,占22．36％;子宫内膜癌11例,占14．47％,并且出现阴道流血时年龄大、距绝经年限长者,恶性肿瘤发生率高．结论绝经后阴道流血应引起重视,超声可作为首选检查方法．     

机械化播栽对杂交籼稻根系性状的影响

以杂交籼稻宜香优2115和F优498为材料,手栽为对照,采用二因素裂区设计,使用新设计加工的取样工具,研究机直播和机插对杂交籼稻根系性状的影响。结果表明:1) 创新设计的水稻根系取土器能够便捷而准确地进行根系取样甚至根系的分层取样;2)移栽前及返青后总根长、根体积、根尖数均表现为直播>手栽>机插,返青期间,机插和手栽秧苗的根系生长快速,根冠比呈增大趋势,同期的直播稻地上部的生长快于根系,根冠比减小。3)直播稻根系早期生长迅速,抽穗期根多而细,根尖数大于机插和手栽,根冠比最大;机插根系具有后发优势,分蘖盛期后快速生长,抽穗期总根长、根体积最大;手栽根系少而粗,根冠比最小。4)与手插相比,抽穗期直播和机插根系分布浅,0~10 cm土层直播、机插、手栽根干质量分别占植株根系总干质量的76.9%、76.5%、67.9%,10~20 cm及20 cm以上土层直播和机插根干质量所占比例均低于手栽;横向分布上,直播在植株正下方0~12 cm直径范围内根干质量所占比例较机插和手栽分别高3.5%和3.3%,根系更加集中分布在植株正下方。5)移栽前,根活性表现为直播>机插>手栽,差异极显著;移栽后,机插和手栽根活性快速提高,返青后无显著差异;至抽穗后35 d,直播、机插和手栽方式下,宜香优2115根系伤流强度较抽穗0d分别降低84.7%、75.4%和74.3%,F优498分别降低79.3%、75.9%和74.3%,直播的根系衰老快于机插和手栽。总的来看,机械化播栽对杂交籼稻根系性状有显著影响,抽穗期机插根系分布浅,根粗而多;直播根系分布浅,根直径最小,根尖数最多,抽穗后衰老快;手栽根系分布深,根粗而少。     

一株新型Bt菌株的鉴定及其抗椰子茎泻血病菌和杀小菜蛾活性

从海南采集的土样中分离鉴定获得1株可抑制椰子茎泻血病菌和杀小菜蛾幼虫的苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis, 简称Bt）WENCHANG-BT20;经cry基因的鉴定明确了该菌株含有cry1Aa、cry1La、cry1Ai、cry1Ac、cry1Be、cry1Ka、cry1Ia、cry2Ab基因。生物学检测结果表明,该菌株晶体蛋白对小菜蛾幼虫的LC50为0.088 μg/mL（95％置信区间为0.046~0.127 μg/mL）;该菌株对椰子茎泻血病菌菌丝生长有一定的抑制作用,平板对峙培养法培养5 d后,抑菌圈直径为22 mm。     

利用黑肩绿盲蝽兼性取食特性评价转基因水稻生态风险

转基因作物对天敌昆虫的影响是转基因生态安全研究的一个重要内容。本文通过室内试验,研究了黑肩绿盲蝽兼性取食褐飞虱蜜露和稻株伤流液可能带来的潜在生态风险。结果表明,黑肩绿盲蝽取食褐飞虱蜜露,雌、雄成虫寿命分别为75.9和67.5 d,比蒸馏水对照组显著延长,雌成虫捕食褐飞虱卵的能力为23粒/日,比蒸馏水对照下降;取食稻株伤流液的雌成虫寿命(58.1 d)延长,捕食能力(24.9粒/日)下降;无论黑肩绿盲蝽取食褐飞虱蜜露或稻株伤流液,转基因水稻Bar68-1对黑肩绿盲蝽成虫寿命(雌67.6 d,雄61 d)和捕食能力(24.9粒/日)的影响,与非转基因亲本对照D68和非转基因感虫对照TN1的一致。研究表明,兼性取食转基因抗除草剂水稻Bar68-1稻株伤流液和褐飞虱蜜露,没有给稻田重要捕食性天敌黑肩绿盲蝽增加新的生态风险。     

吴润秋教授运用唐容川治血四法治疗血证病案举隅

治血四法出自唐容川《血证论》,其对血证的论述见解独到,提出的“止血、消瘀、宁血、补血”四法,堪称血证之治法大纲。吴润秋教授临床治疗血证专宗唐容川治血四法,并对唐容川治血四法关系进一步阐发,指导血证临床辨证及处方用药。