特异性靶向犬细小病毒融合DNA疫苗的构建及免疫效果的研究

研究旨在构建特异性靶向犬细小病毒（canine parvovirus,CPV）融合DNA疫苗,探讨其诱导机体产生免疫应答的效果。试验用重组技术构建了含细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原-4胞外区（CTLA-4₁₂₅）与犬细小病毒VP2的主要抗原表位区域（VP2₂₂₈）融合表达质粒pVAX1-CTLA-4₁₂₅-VP2₂₂₈,同时构建了不含CTLA-4₁₂₅的pVAX1-VP2₂₂₈,体外转染COS-7细胞,Western blotting检测其表达产物;将pVAX1-CTLA-4₁₂₅-VP2₂₂₈、pVAX1-VP2₂₂₈分别免疫小鼠,免疫后进行抗体水平测定和抗体亚型分析;通过淋巴细胞增殖试验和ELISA分别检测淋巴细胞刺激指数和γ-干扰素表达水平。结果显示成功构建了pVAX1-CTLA-4₁₂₅-VP2₂₂₈和pVAX1-VP2₂₂₈,并能在COS-7细胞中正确表达;抗体检测结果显示pVAX1-CTLA-4₁₂₅-VP2₂₂₈免疫组抗体水平显著高于pVAX1-VP2₂₂₈免疫组（P<0.05）;淋巴细胞增殖试验显示pVAX1-CTLA-4₁₂₅-VP2₂₂₈免疫组的刺激指数显著高于pVAX1-VP2₂₂₈免疫组（P<0.05）;γ-干扰素表达水平测定显示pVAX1-CTLA-4₁₂₅-VP2₂₂₈免疫组极显著高于pVAX1-VP2₂₂₈免疫组（P<0.01）。结果表明,CTLA-4₁₂₅-VP2₂₂₈融合DNA能有效增强动物对VP2₂₂₈抗原的免疫应答,为进一步研究融合DNA疫苗特异性的靶向递呈机制奠定基础。     

畜禽MHCⅠ分子抗原结合槽研究进展

主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰ（major histocompatibility complex, MHCⅠ）结构的解析可直观地阐释其结合抗原表位的机理,进而有效利用其特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL）免疫应答。目前已报道的畜禽MHCⅠ精细结构包括牛（N*01301、N*01801）、猪（SLA-1*0401）和鸡（BF2*2101、BF2*0401、BF2*0201、BF2*1401）,以上MHCⅠ复合体结构由α1、α2和α3共3个α链和β₂m组成。其抗原结合槽多肽由A、B、C、D、E、F 6个口袋组成,一般B、F口袋决定了不同MHCⅠ分子结合不同性质的抗原多肽。鉴于同一物种不同的MHCⅠ等位基因及不同物种MHCⅠ基因的序列差异性,使得不同的MHCⅠ分子结合不同性质的抗原多肽片段,此外,不同MHCⅠ分子也可递呈同样的抗原多肽,实现不同MHCⅠ分子的交叉递呈。畜禽MHCⅠ的结构清晰地阐释其递呈抗原多肽的机理,促进了畜禽免疫学和疫苗应用的研究。     

指纹法研究花岗岩区典型崩岗小流域悬浮泥沙来源

为研究花岗岩区典型崩岗小流域内悬浮泥沙来源,以安溪县龙门镇崩岗侵蚀小流域为研究对象,在4种土地利用类型(侵蚀林地、茶园、耕地和崩岗侵蚀区)中共采集85个泥沙源地土样,同时在河道布设采样器收集降雨后侵蚀悬浮泥沙。通过分析样品中的34种指纹因子,运用复合指纹法筛选出最佳指纹因子组合,并计算出各泥沙源地的泥沙运移规律。结果表明:不同泥沙源地悬浮泥沙中同种指纹因子存在显著差异,利用Kruskal-Wallis检验和多元判别筛选出Ca、Li、Sn、K和Ba为最佳指纹因子组合(累积贡献率大于90%);同时利用多元混合模型得出茶园的悬浮泥沙相对贡献百分比为33%,耕地为27%,侵蚀林地和崩岗侵蚀区均为20%,且混合模型优度拟合检验值为0.89。进一步分析表明,降雨对崩岗侵蚀区的影响最大,茶园和崩岗侵蚀区单位面积产生悬浮泥沙量明显高于其他两个源地,说明崩岗侵蚀区和茶园是花岗岩区崩岗小流域中需要采取防治措施的重点。     

日粮添加复合甘草素对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响

文章旨在探究日粮添加复合甘草素对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响。试验将磷酸化甘草多糖和甘草提取物混合制成复合物，为复合甘草素（FGS）。试验选用180只1日龄未免疫健康白羽肉鸡，随机分为4组，每组45只，常规免疫新城疫疫苗。其中，3个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加低、中、高3种剂量的复合甘草素，下文记为FGSL、FGSM、FGSH组，对照组采用常规日粮饲养。试验过程于第7、14、21、28、35天采样，检测体重、血清抗体效价、血清细胞因子含量、sIgA和IL-17含量的变化。结果表明，体重方面：在D7、D21，FGSM组的体重显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），在D35，FGSL和FGSM组体重高于对照组，但无显著差异（P＞0.05）|血清抗体效价变化方面：在各时间段，试验组效价最高，D7各组差异不明显（P＞0.05），但D21、D28、D35，试验组抗体效价均高于对照组（P＜0.05）|在血清细胞因子含量变化方面：在D14、D21、D28，FGSL、FGSM和FGSH组血清IFN-γ含量显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），在D7、D21，FGSL、FGSM和FGSH组的血清IL-2含量高于对照组，但无显著差异（P＞0.05），在D28、D35，FGSL、FGSM和FGSH组的血清IL-2含量显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）|在十二指肠洗液sIgA和IL-17含量变化方面：在D7、D14、D28和D35，FGSL、FGSM和FGSH组血清sIgA含量显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），在D28、D35，FGSL、FGSM和FGSH组的血清IL-17含量显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：日粮添加复合甘草素能有效增强肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能。 [关键词]复合甘草素|肉鸡|生长性能|免疫功能     

基于尿液代谢组学研究青蒿琥酯对庆大霉素诱导犬急性肾功能衰竭的保护机制

为观察青蒿琥酯对庆大霉素诱导犬急性肾功能衰竭尿液代谢物的调节作用及其机制。将24只泰迪型贵宾犬,随机等分为3组:对照组(control组)、肾衰组(CRF组)和青蒿琥酯组(ART组)。除对照组,其他组犬采用注射庆大霉素建立急性肾功能衰竭模型。然后,ART组给予青蒿琥酯,对照组和CRF组给予相同体积生理盐水。用生化分析仪测定肌酐(Cr)和尿素氮含量,用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定尿液中的代谢物水平。结果显示,与CRF组比较,ART组血清Cr和尿素氮含量极显著降低(P<0.01);共有14种代谢物水平发生改变,其中,α-酮戊二酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、琥珀酸、花生四烯酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸及棕榈酸等含量降低;葡萄糖酸、牛磺酸、甘氨酸、肌酐、丝氨酸及甘油等含量升高。代谢通路分析发现共涉及三羧酸循环、甘氨酸代谢、酪氨酸代谢、色氨酸生物合成、谷胱甘肽代谢、甘油磷脂代谢及不饱和脂肪酸生物合成等7条代谢途径。以上结果表明,青蒿琥酯可有效改善庆大霉素诱导犬急性肾功能衰竭,可能与调节脂代谢、氨基酸代谢和能量代谢等通路有关。     

高蛋白饲料添加虎杖对雏鹅生长性能、血清炎症因子和盲肠菌群结构的影响

本研究旨在研究高蛋白饲料添加虎杖对雏鹅生长性能、肾功能、血清炎症因子和盲肠菌群结构的影响。试验将70只1日龄扬州雏鹅随机分为高蛋白组和高蛋白+3%虎杖组，每组5个重复，每个重复7只，高蛋白组饲喂粗蛋白质为24%的高蛋白饲料，高蛋白+3%虎杖组饲喂含3%虎杖的高蛋白饲料。试验为期15?d。结果显示：与高蛋白组比较，高蛋白+3%虎杖组平均体重、平均日增重显著升高，料重比显著降低（P＜0.05）|血清尿酸、尿素氮和肌酐水平及黄嘌呤氧化酶活性显著降低（P＜0.05）|血清脂多糖（LPS）、IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β水平均显著降低（P＜0.05）。与高蛋白组比较，高蛋白+3%虎杖组盲肠菌群OTU数、Chao1指数和Shannon指数升高，在门水平，拟杆菌门和变形菌门相对丰度显著降低（P＜0.05），放线菌门相对丰度升高，在属水平，苏黎世杆菌属、乳酸杆菌属和罗斯氏菌属相对丰度升高，拟杆菌属和梭菌属相对丰度降低（P＜0.05）。综上，高蛋白饲料中添加虎杖可以提高雏鹅生长性能，降低血清尿酸和炎症因子水平，改善肾功能。 [关键词]虎杖|雏鹅|高蛋白饲料|肾功能|炎症因子|盲肠菌群     

课程思政与专业课程融合的探索和实践——以兽医临床诊疗技术为例

以兽医临床诊疗技术为例，对课程思政体系构建、课程思政元素发掘、专业课程与课程思政的融合等方面进行了探索和实践。通过在专业课中开展思政教育，学生的学习积极性、专业素养、思想政治觉悟得到了全面提升。课程思政和专业课程的有机融合在培养社会主义建设者和接班人的过程中发挥了积极的作用。     

MCC950 Improves Growth Performance, Ｕric Acid Metabolism and Kidney Injury of Goslings Fed High Protein Diet by Inhibiting Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor 3 Inflammasome北大核心CSCD

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of MCC950 on growth performance, uric acid metabolism, serum inflammatory factor contents and kidney injury of goslings a fed high protein diet, and explore the potential mechanism of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) / cysteine aspartase-1 (Caspase-1) signaling pathway in gosling gout. A total of 120 Yangzhou goslings of 1-day-old were randomly divided into 3 groups, which were control group, high protein group (HP group) and high protein+ MCC950 group (HP+MCC950 group), with 5 replicates in each group and 8 goslings in each replicate. The control group was fed a normal protein diet with 16.5% crude protein, and the HP group and HP+MCC950 group were fed a high protein diet with 24.0% crude protein. The HP+MCC950 group was intraperitoneally injected with MCC950 every 3 days at a dose of 10 mg / kg BW, and the other two groups were injected with the same amount of normal saline. The experiment lasted for 15 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the average body weight of goslings at 15 days of age in the HP group was significantly decreased (P<0.05); the serum contents of uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (UN), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin 18 (IL-18), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the HP group were significantly increased (P<0.05); the mRNA relative expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 and the protein relative expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β in kidney tissues in the HP group were significantly increased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the HP group, the average body weight of goslings at 10 and 15 days of age in the HP+MCC950 group was significantly increased (P<0.05); the serum contents of UA, Cr, UN, CRP, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the mRNA relative expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 and the protein relative expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β in kidney tissues in the HP+MCC950 group were significantly decreased (P< 0.05). 3) Histological findings showed that the renal tubules of goslings were dilated, and vacuolar degeneration and necrosis occurred in the HP group, while the structure of renal tubules was relatively normal in the HP+MCC950 group. The urate deposition area in kidney tissues of goslings in the HP group was significantly larger than that in the control group (P<0.05), and which in the HP+MCC950 group was significantly smaller than that in the HP group (P<0.05). Moreover, the urate deposition area in kidney tissues of goslings was significantly positively correlated with the protein relative expression level of NLRP3 (r = 0.681, P<0.05). In conclusion, MCC950 can promote the growth of goslings fed a high protein diet and reduce the serum uric acid content, which may be related to the reduction of inflammatory response and kidney injury through its inhibition of NLRP3 / Caspase-1 signaling pathway. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.